684

Year 684 (DCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 684 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	6th century 7th century 8th century
Decades:	660s 670s 680s 690s 700s
Years:	681 682 683 684 685 686 687

684 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	684 DCLXXXIV
Ab urbe condita	1437
Armenian calendar	133 ԹՎ ՃԼԳ
Assyrian calendar	5434
Balinese saka calendar	605–606
Bengali calendar	91
Berber calendar	1634
Buddhist calendar	1228
Burmese calendar	46
Byzantine calendar	6192–6193
Chinese calendar	癸未年 (Water Goat) 3380 or 3320     — to — 甲申年 (Wood Monkey) 3381 or 3321
Coptic calendar	400–401
Discordian calendar	1850
Ethiopian calendar	676–677
Hebrew calendar	4444–4445
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	740–741
- Shaka Samvat	605–606
- Kali Yuga	3784–3785
Holocene calendar	10684
Iranian calendar	62–63
Islamic calendar	64–65
Japanese calendar	N/A
Javanese calendar	576–577
Julian calendar	684 DCLXXXIV
Korean calendar	3017
Minguo calendar	1228 before ROC 民前1228年
Nanakshahi calendar	−784
Seleucid era	995/996 AG
Thai solar calendar	1226–1227
Tibetan calendar	阴水羊年 (female Water-Goat) 810 or 429 or −343     — to — 阳木猴年 (male Wood-Monkey) 811 or 430 or −342

Pope Benedict II (684–685)

Events

By place

Europe

• Ghislemar, mayor of the palace in Neustria and Burgundy, dies after a 2-year reign, and is succeeded by his father Waratton. He makes peace between the three Frankish kingdoms.

Britain

• King Ecgfrith of Northumbria sends a punitive expedition to Ireland under his ealdorman Berht, laying waste to the territory of Meath, ruled by High King Fínsnechta Fledach.[1]

Arabian Empire

• Caliph Muawiya II dies at Damascus, after a brief reign that ends Sufyanid rule. A new caliph is proclaimed in Syria amidst tribal wars, but Marwan I will reign until next year.
• August 18 – Battle of Marj Rahit: Muslim partisans under Marwan I defeat the supporters of Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr near Damascus, and cement Umayyad control of Syria.

Asia

• January 3 – Zhong Zong succeeds his father Gao Zong, and becomes emperor of the Tang Dynasty. His mother Wu Zetian remains the power behind the throne in China.
• February 27 – Wu Zetian replaces Zhong Zong in favor of his younger brother Rui Zong. He becomes a puppet ruler, and Zhong Zong is placed under house arrest.
• Summer – The Pallava Empire (modern India) invades the kingdom of Ceylon. A Pallavan naval expedition employing Tamil mercenaries ends the Moriya Dynasty.
• September 7 – A large comet is observed in Japan (it's Japan's oldest observation record of the Halley's Comet).
• November 13 – Emperor Tenmu institutes eight titles of eight classes (Yakusa-no-kabane) in Japan.
• November 26 – 684 Hakuho earthquake. A great earthquake strikes Japan. The people, houses, temples, shrines and domestic animals are greatly damaged.

Mesoamerica

• February 10 – K'inich Kan B'alam II accedes to the rulership of the Maya polity of Palenque (modern Mexico).

By topic

Religion

• Cuthbert is elected Bishop of Hexham, and receives a visit from a large group under Ecgfrith. He agrees to return to Lindisfarne (Northumbria) to take up duties.
• June 26 – Pope Benedict II succeeds Leo II as the 81st pope of Rome, after a period of sede vacante ("vacant seat") of 1 year.

Births

• Gao Lishi, official and eunuch of the Tang Dynasty (d. 762)
• Li Guo'er, princess of the Tang Dynasty (approximate date)
• Nagaya, Japanese prince and politician (d. 729)
• Tachibana no Moroe, Japanese prince and minister (d. 757)

Deaths

• Adarnase II, king of Iberia (approximate date)
• Aldegonde, Frankish Benedictine abbess
• Constantine of Mananali, founder of the Paulicians
• Ghislemar, mayor of the palace in Neustria and Burgundy
• Li Xian, prince of the Tang Dynasty (b. 653)
• Luo Binwang, Chinese poet and official
• Muawiya II, Muslim caliph (b. 661)
• Pei Yan, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
• Philibert of Jumièges, Frankish abbot
• Severus II bar Masqeh, Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch.[2]

References

1. Bede, Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum
2. Van Rompay, Lucas (2011). "Severos bar Mashqo". In Sebastian P. Brock; Aaron M. Butts; George A. Kiraz; Lucas Van Rompay (eds.). Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage: Electronic Edition. Retrieved July 11, 2020.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)