4th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment

The 4th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment, also known as the 33rd Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Regiment, was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was a part of the famed Pennsylvania Reserves in the Army of the Potomac for much of the early part of the war, and served in the Eastern Theater in a number of important battles, including Antietam and Fredericksburg.

4th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment
Pennsylvania flag
ActiveJuly 17, 1861, to June 8, 1864
CountryUnited States
AllegianceUnion
BranchInfantry
EngagementsBattle of Mechanicsville
Battle of Gaines' Mill
Battle of Glendale
Battle of Malvern Hill
Battle of Second Bull Run
Battle of South Mountain
Battle of Antietam
Battle of Fredericksburg
Battle of Cloyd's Mountain

Organization
CompanyMonikerPrimary Location of RecruitmentCaptains
AThe Able GuardsPhiladelphiaJohn Schoenewald
BThe Quaker City GuardsPhiladelphiaRobert M. McClure
CThe Montgomery RiflesMontgomery CountyIsaiah W. Kimble
DThe Dickson GuardsPhiladelphiaNathan J. Taylor
EThe Williamsport LegionLycoming CountyFrancis H. Burger
FThe National Guards of MonroeMonroe CountyGeorge B. Keller
GThe Harmer GuardsPhiladelphiaThomas F.B. Tapper
HThe Susquehanna Union VolunteersSusquehanna CountyElisha B. Gates
IThe Reed GuardsPhiladelphiaHenry Einwechter
KThe Enton GuardsChester CountyWilliam Babe[1]

Service

The 4th Pennsylvania Reserves were raised at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, on July 17, 1861.[2] Robert G. March served as its first colonel, John F. Gaul as lieutenant colonel, and Robert M. McClure as major.[3] The regiment trained near Easton until mid-July, when it was transferred to Camp Curtin in Harrisburg and then to Baltimore. On October 1, March was forced to resign due to illness and was succeeded by Lt. Col. Albert L. Magilton of the 2nd Reserves. The 4th became part of the 2nd Brigade of the Pennsylvania Reserves division, part of the I Corps, Army of the Potomac.

At first remaining with the I Corps in northern Virginia, the 4th, along with the rest of the division, was sent to the Army outside of Richmond, where it was reassigned to the V Corps. During the Peninsula Campaign, it fought in the Seven Days Battles, losing about 200 men. The regiment lost 27 men at the Battle of South Mountain and another 49 men at Antietam. After Fredericksburg, the 2nd Brigade, including the 4th Pennsylvania Reserves, was transferred from the Army of the Potomac in early 1863 to serve in the defenses of Washington, D.C.. In 1864, it served in West Virginia, fighting at the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain, where the regiment's colonel, Richard H. Woolworth, was mortally wounded.

The depleted regiment was mustered out in Philadelphia on June 15, 1864, when its original three-year term of enlistment expired. Men who reenlisted and those replacements whose enlistments had not yet expired were transferred to the 54th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry on June 8.

Casualties

The 4th Pennsylvania Reserves suffered 2 officers and 76 enlisted men killed in battle or died from wounds, and 1 officer and 60 enlisted men dead from disease, for a total of 139 fatalities.[4]

Commanders
  • Col. Robert G. March, July 17 to October 1, 1861 (resigned due to illness)
  • Lt. Col. (to Col. 10/1/61) Albert L. Magilton, October 1, 1861, to September 14, 1862 (became brigade commander)
  • Maj. John Nyce, September 14 to November 29, 1862 (Promoted to Colonel of 174th Pennsylvania)
  • Col. Albert L. Magilton, November 29, 1862, to December 28, 1862 (resigned)
  • Lt. Col. (to Col. 3/1/63) Richard H. Woolworth, December 28, 1862, to May 9, 1864 (killed at Cloyd's Mountain)
  • Lt. Col. (to Col. 5/10/64) Thomas F.B. Tapper, May 9, 1864, to June 17, 1864 (mustered out)
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See also

Notes
  1. Sypher 1865, p. 82.
  2. Dyer 1908, p. 1578.
  3. Woodward 1865, p. 41.
  4. The Civil War Archive

References
  • Dyer, Frederick H. (1908). A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion. Dyer Pub. Co.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Sypher, Josiah Rhinehart (1865). History of the Pennsylvania Reserves: A Complete Record of the Organization. Elias Barr & Co. pennsylvania reserves.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Woodward, Evan Morrison (1865). Our Campaigns; or, The Marches, Bivouacs, Battles, Incidents of Camp Life and History of Our Regiment During Its Three Years Term of Service. John E. Potter and Company.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Attribution
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