4492 Debussy

4492 Debussy (prov. designation: 1988 SH) is a dark and elongated background asteroid and binary system from the intermediate asteroid belt, approximately 15 kilometers (9.3 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 17 September 1988, by Belgian astronomer Eric Elst at Haute-Provence Observatory in France. It was later named after French composer Claude Debussy.[3]

4492 Debussy
Shape model of Debussy from its lightcurve
Discovery [1]
Discovered byE. W. Elst
Discovery siteHaute-Provence Obs.
Discovery date17 September 1988
Designations
(4492) Debussy
Pronunciation/dɛbjʊˈsiː/ etc.[2]
Named after
Claude Debussy [3]
(French composer)
1988 SH · 1979 SZ10
1979 VF1 · 1981 EC
main-belt · (middle)
background [4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc65.65 yr (23,977 days)
Aphelion3.2631 AU
Perihelion2.2692 AU
2.7662 AU
Eccentricity0.1796
4.60 yr (1,680 days)
76.633°
0° 12m 51.12s / day
Inclination8.0241°
350.05°
52.507°
Known satellites1[5][6][7]
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
13.23±3.97 km[8]
14.64 km (calculated)[9]
14.75±0.91 km[10]
16.5±1.9 km[11]
17.14±2.94 km[12]
17.359±0.697 km[13][14]
20 h[15]
26.58±0.05 h[15]
26.59 h[5]
26.6 h[11]
26.606±0.001 h[6]
0.039±0.018[11]
0.0406±0.0162[13][14]
0.041±0.016
0.046±0.017[12]
0.057 (assumed)[9]
0.058±0.008[10]
0.07±0.08[8]
C [9]
12.80[12] · 12.9[1][9][10][13] · 13.05[8] · 13.05±0.07[11] · 13.37±0.25[16]

    Orbit and classification

    Debussy a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.[4] It orbits the Sun in the middle main-belt at a distance of 2.3–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 7 months (1,680 days; semi-major axis of 2.77 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.18 and an inclination of 8° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] A first precovery was taken at Palomar Observatory in 1951, extending the body's observation arc by 37 years prior to its official discovery observation.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named in memory of French composer Claude Debussy (1862–1918), one of the most prominent figures associated with impressionist music, best known for his Clair de lune and Feux d'artifice, as well as for his piano suites Estampes (1903), Bergamasque (1890–1905) and Images (1905). He was a fervent admirer of Frédéric Chopin, after whom the asteroid 3784 Chopin was named.[3] The official naming citation was published on 4 October 1990 (M.P.C. 17031).[17]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite, the Infrared Spectrograph of the Spitzer Space Telescope, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Debussy measures between 13.23 and 17.359 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.039 and 0.07.[8][10][11][12][13][14] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 14.64 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.9.[9]

    Rotation period

    Between 2002 and 2016, a large number of rotational lightcurve of Debussy were obtained from photometric observations by predominantly Swiss, French and German astronomers. Best rated lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 26.606 hours with a brightness variation of 1.04–1.13 magnitude, which indicates that the body is highly elongated (U=3/3).[5][6][15]

    Satellite

    In November 2002, during the first photometric observations by Swiss astronomer Raoul Behrend at Geneva Observatory in collaboration with several other European astronomers, it was revealed that Debussy is a synchronous binary system with a minor-planet moon in orbit (F-type binary). The satellite's orbital period is 26.606 hours, identical to the primary's rotation. The system's secondary-to-primary mean-diameter ratio is 0.643.[6] The Johnston archive derives a diameter of 9.39 kilometers for the moon, and estimates that it has a semi-major axis of approximately 31 kilometers.[7] After additional follow-up observations had been made, the discovery was announced on 21 March 2004.[6] The moon's provisional designation is S/2004 (4492) 1. The collaboration of astronomers from 26 observatories also discovered satellites in orbit of the main-belt asteroids 854 Frostia, 1089 Tama and 1313 Berna.[6]

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    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 4492 Debussy (1988 SH)" (2017-03-29 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 4 July 2017.
    2. "Debussy". Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House.
    3. "4492 Debussy (1988 SH)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
    4. "Asteroid 4492 Debussy – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
    5. Behrend, R. (June 2004). "(4492) Debussy". IAU Circ. 8354 (8354): 3. Bibcode:2004IAUC.8354....3B.
    6. Behrend, R.; Bernasconi, L.; Roy, R.; Klotz, A.; Colas, F.; Antonini, P.; et al. (February 2006). "Four new binary minor planets: (854) Frostia, (1089) Tama, (1313) Berna, (4492) Debussy". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 446 (3): 1177–1184. Bibcode:2006A&A...446.1177B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053709.
    7. Johnston, Robert (21 September 2014). "(4492) Debussy". johnstonsarchive.net. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
    8. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63.
    9. "LCDB Data for (4492) Debussy". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 18 April 2017.
    10. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    11. Marchis, F.; Enriquez, J. E.; Emery, J. P.; Mueller, M.; Baek, M.; Pollock, J.; et al. (November 2012). "Multiple asteroid systems: Dimensions and thermal properties from Spitzer Space Telescope and ground-based observations". Icarus. 221 (2): 1130–1161. arXiv:1604.05384. Bibcode:2012Icar..221.1130M. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2012.09.013.
    12. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8.
    13. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    14. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68.
    15. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (4492) Debussy". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
    16. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007.
    17. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
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