418 Alemannia

Alemannia (minor planet designation: 418 Alemannia), provisional designation 1896 CV, is a metallic background asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 35 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf at Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany on 7 September 1896 and named for the student fraternity Alemannia in Heidelberg.[4][16]

418 Alemannia
Discovery [1]
Discovered byM. F. Wolf
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date7 September 1896
Designations
(418) Alemannia
Pronunciation/æləˈmæniə/[2][3]
Named after
Alemannia [4]
(student fraternity)
1896 CV
main-belt · (middle)
background [5]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc111.94 yr (40,886 days)
Aphelion2.9024 AU
Perihelion2.2829 AU
2.5927 AU
Eccentricity0.1195
4.17 yr (1,525 days)
327.11°
0° 14m 9.96s / day
Inclination6.8178°
248.83°
126.68°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions32.98±1.04 km[6]
34.10±4.6 km[7][8]
40.12±0.62 km[9]
40.330±0.578 km[10]
45.448±0.509 km[11]
4.67±0.05 h[12]
4.671 h[7]
4.6714±0.0001 h[12]
4.6727±0.0003 h[12]
4.680±0.024 h[13]
5.82 h (poor)[14]
0.1057±0.0158[11]
0.137±0.005[9]
0.1878±0.062[7][8]
0.201±0.027[6][6]
Tholen = M [1][7] · M [11]
B–V = 0.703[1]
U–B = 0.225[1]
9.77[1][6][7][8][9][11] · 9.83±0.32[15]

    Orbit and classification

    Alemannia is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.[5] It orbits the Sun in the intermediate main-belt at a distance of 2.3–2.9 AU once every 4 years and 2 months (1,525 days; semi-major axis of 2.59 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.12 and an inclination of 7° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg in December 1905, more than 9 years after its official discovery observation.[16]

    Physical characteristics

    In the Tholen classification, Alemannia is a metallic M-type asteroid.[1][7] The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) also characterized it as an M-type.[11]

    Rotation period

    The best-rated photometric lightcurve observations gave a rotation period of 4.671 hours with a brightness amplitude between 0.20 and 0.33 magnitude (U=3),[12] superseding previous observations that gave a period of 5.82 and 4.68 hours, respectively.[14][13]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Alemannia measures between 32.98 and 45.448 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.1057 and 0.201.[6][8][9][10][11]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.1878 and a diameter of 34.1 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.77.[7][8]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named for the student fraternity Alemannia in Heidelberg, Germany. It was named by German astronomer Adolf Berberich (1861–1920) in 1901. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 45).[4]

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    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 418 Alemannia (1896 CV)" (2017-11-25 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
    2. "Alemannic, Alemannian". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
    3. 'Alemanni' in Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
    4. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(418) Alemannia". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (418) Alemannia. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 45. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_419. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    5. "Asteroid 418 Alemannia – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 24 October 2019.
    6. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
    7. "LCDB Data for (418) Alemannia". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 21 December 2017.
    8. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    9. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    10. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121.
    11. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    12. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (418) Alemannia". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
    13. Wetterer, C. J.; Saffo, C. R.; Majcen, S. (December 1999). "CCD Photometry of Asteroids at the US Air Force Academy Observatory During 1998". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 26.: 30. Bibcode:1999MPBu...26...30W. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
    14. Lagerkvist, C.-I.; Hahn, G.; Magnusson, P.; Rickman, H. (July 1987). "Physical studies of asteroids XVI - Photoelectric photometry of 17 asteroids". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 70 (1): 21–32. Bibcode:1987A&AS...70...21L. ISSN 0365-0138. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
    15. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
    16. "418 Alemannia (1896 CV)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 21 December 2017.

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