3-Hydroxybenzoic acid

3-Hydroxybenzoic acid
Names
	IUPAC name 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid
	Other names m-Hydroxybenzoic acid; meta-Hydroxybenzoic acid; 3-Carboxyphenol; m-Salicylic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	99-06-9 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image; Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:30764 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL65369 ;
ChemSpider	7142 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.002.478
PubChem CID	7420;
UNII	2ZFW40OJ7U ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6021610 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C7H6O3/c8-6-3-1-2-5(4-6)7(9)10/h1-4,8H,(H,9,10) Key: IJFXRHURBJZNAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	SMILES C1=CC(=CC(=C1)O)C(=O)O; O=C(O)c1cc(O)ccc1;
Properties
Chemical formula	C7H6O3
Molar mass	138.12 g/mol
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

3-Hydroxybenzoic acid is a monohydroxybenzoic acid.

Preparation

3-Hydroxybenzoic acid can be obtained by the alkali fusion of 3-sulfobenzoic acid between 210 – 220°C.[1]

Natural occurrence

3-Hydroxybenzoic acid is a component of castoreum, the exudate from the castor sacs of the mature North American beaver (Castor canadensis) and the European beaver (Castor fiber), used in perfumery.

It can also be formed by a Pseudomonas species from 3-Chlorobenzoic acid.[2]

3-Hydroxybenzoic Acid can be found in the pineapple fruit as well.

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References

Clarke, M. F.; Owen, L. N. (1950). "434. Alicyclic glycols. Part V. 3-Hydroxymethylcyclohexanol". Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed): 2108–2115. doi:10.1039/JR9500002108.
H.W. Johnston, G.G. Briggs and M. Alexander (1972). "Metabolism of 3-chlorobenzoic acid by a pseudomonad". Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 4 (2): 187–190. doi:10.1016/0038-0717(72)90010-7.

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[1] Clarke, M. F.; Owen, L. N. (1950). "434. Alicyclic glycols. Part V. 3-Hydroxymethylcyclohexanol". Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed): 2108–2115. doi:10.1039/JR9500002108.

[2] H.W. Johnston, G.G. Briggs and M. Alexander (1972). "Metabolism of 3-chlorobenzoic acid by a pseudomonad". Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 4 (2): 187–190. doi:10.1016/0038-0717(72)90010-7.