2091 Sampo

2091 Sampo, provisional designation 1941 HO, is a stony Eos asteroid and relatively slow rotator from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 30 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 26 April 1941, by Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at Turku Observatory, Finland, and named after Sampo from Finnish mythology.[10]

2091 Sampo
Discovery [1]
Discovered byY. Väisälä
Discovery siteTurku Obs.
Discovery date26 April 1941
Designations
(2091) Sampo
Named after
Sampo
(Finnish mythology)[2]
1941 HO · 1931 MG
1938 UF1 · 1951 GA1
1952 LB · 1956 EP
1971 BH1 · 1978 NB
A924 BB
main-belt · (outer)
Eos [3][4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc93.06 yr (33,989 days)
Aphelion3.1985 AU
Perihelion2.8300 AU
3.0143 AU
Eccentricity0.0611
5.23 yr (1,911 days)
359.61°
0° 11m 17.88s / day
Inclination11.378°
114.53°
318.84°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions23.024±0.474 km[5]
23.493±0.240 km[6]
30.25 km (derived)[3]
30.48±1.3 km[7]
35.47±0.45 km[8]
71.34±0.05 h[9]
0.118±0.003[8]
0.1218 (derived)[3]
0.1582±0.014[7]
0.2683±0.0325[6]
0.277±0.019[5]
S [3]
10.2[6][7][8] · 10.5[1][3]

    Orbit and classification

    Sampo is a member of the Eos family (606), the largest asteroid family in the outer main belt consisting of nearly 10,000 asteroids.[4][11]:23 It orbits the Sun in at a distance of 2.8–3.2 AU once every 5 years and 3 months (1,911 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.06 and an inclination of 11° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    Physical characteristics

    The S-type asteroid measures between 23.0 and 35.5 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.118 and 0.277, according to the surveys carried out by IRAS, Akari, and NEOWISE.[5][6][7][8]

    A rotational lightcurve of Sampo was obtained from photometric observations made by astronomers René Roy, Laurent Bernasconi and Stéphane Charbonnelat in March 2003. It gave a potentially long rotation period of 71.34±0.05 hours with a brightness variation of 0.38 magnitude (U=2).[9]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after the wonder-object Sampo from Finnish mythology. It is mentioned in the national oral folklore and mythology epic, Kalevala, after which the minor planet 1454 Kalevala is named. Sampo was to produce every kind of fortune. When Kalevala and Pohjola (also see 3606 Pohjola) were fighting for its possession it broke into pieces.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 August 1980 (M.P.C. 5450).[12]

    gollark: It was posted on esolangs. I posted it here because of the funny tagline.
    gollark: https://media.discordapp.net/attachments/348702485994668033/832944565539045406/unknown.png
    gollark: https://github.com/EleutherAI/gpt-neo
    gollark: Not sure if it works on the coral ones though.
    gollark: I investigated, and there are some which can actually be *trained* on TPUs, yay.

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2091 Sampo (1941 HO)" (2017-02-17 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2091) Sampo". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2091) Sampo. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 169–170. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2092. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (2091) Sampo". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 7 December 2016.
    4. "Asteroid 2091 Sampo – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
    5. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121.
    6. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    7. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    8. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    9. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (2091) Sampo". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
    10. "2091 Sampo (1941 HO)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
    11. Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families. Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131.
    12. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 December 2016.

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