2065 Spicer

2065 Spicer, provisional designation 1959 RN, is a dark and eccentric asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 17 kilometers in diameter.

2065 Spicer
Discovery [1]
Discovered byIndiana University
(Indiana Asteroid Program)
Discovery siteGoethe Link Obs.
Discovery date9 September 1959
Designations
(2065) Spicer
Named after
Edward H. Spicer
(American anthropologist)[2]
1959 RN · 1952 BS1
1955 XC · 1968 QX
1973 YR2
main-belt · (middle) [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc60.34 yr (22,038 days)
Aphelion3.3313 AU
Perihelion2.0659 AU
2.6986 AU
Eccentricity0.2345
4.43 yr (1,619 days)
350.70°
0° 13m 20.28s / day
Inclination6.4348°
328.09°
66.381°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions16.721±0.088 km[4][5]
18.43 km (calculated)[3]
18.165±0.005 h[6][lower-alpha 1]
0.057 (assumed)[3]
0.062±0.007[4][5]
SMASS = Xc [1] · P [4] · X [3]
12.03±0.23[7] · 12.2[4] · 12.4[1][3]

    The asteroid was discovered on 9 September 1959, by the Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory near Brooklyn, Indiana, United States, and named after American anthropologist Edward H. Spicer.[2][8]

    Orbit and classification

    Spicer orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.1–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 5 months (1,619 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.23 and an inclination of 6° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    Physical characteristics

    Spicer's spectra is that of an X-type and Xc-type in SMASS classification scheme, which indicates a transitional stage to the carbonaceous C-type asteroid.[1] It has also been characterized as a P-type asteroid by the NEOWISE mission.[4]

    Photometry

    In January 2005, photometric measurements of Spicer made by American astronomer Brian Warner at the Palmer Divide Observatory (716) gave a lightcurve with a well-defined rotation period of 18.165±0.005 hours and a brightness variation of 1.0±0.03 magnitude (U=3).[6][lower-alpha 1]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Spicer measures 16.721 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.062,[4][5] while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 18.43 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.4.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after American anthropologist Edward H. Spicer (1906–1983), professor at the University of Arizona, and a former president of the American Anthropological Association.[2]

    In 1955, Spicer's negotiations with the local district and tribal councils were instrumental for receiving permission to evaluate the location where the Kitt Peak National Observatory was later built.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 26 May 1983 (M.P.C. 7944).[9]

    Notes
    1. Lightcurve plot of 2065 Spicer from the Palmer Divide Observatory, B. D. Warner (2005)
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    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2065 Spicer (1959 RN)" (2016-03-13 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 10 June 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2065) Spicer". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2065) Spicer. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 167. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2066. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (2065) Spicer". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 7 December 2016.
    4. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    5. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
    6. Warner, Brian D. (September 2005). "Asteroid lightcurve analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory - winter 2004-2005". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 32 (3): 54–58. Bibcode:2005MPBu...32...54W. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
    7. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
    8. "2065 Spicer (1959 RN)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
    9. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 December 2016.

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