2010 Afghan parliamentary election

The Afghan parliamentary election, 2010 to elect members of the House of the People (Wolesi Jirga) took place on 18 September 2010.[1][2] The Afghan Independent Election Commission - established in accordance with the article 156 of the Constitution of Afghanistan for the purpose of organizing and supervising all elections in the country - postponed the poll from its original date of 22 May[3][4][5][6][7] to September 18.

2010 Afghan parliamentary election

18 September 2010
All 249 seats to the House of the People
First party Second party Third party   Leader Burhanuddin Rabbani Mohammad Mohaqiq Abdul Rashid Dostum Party Jamiat-e Islami PIUPA Junbish Alliance Pro-Karzai Pro-Karzai Last election 22 seats 9 seats 33 seats Seats won 17 11 10 Seat change 5 2 23
Speaker before election Yunus Qanuni Naveen Elected Speaker Abdul Raouf Ebrahimi Independent

The results were delayed on several occasions, but were finalized on October 31. The Taliban issued a direct threat to all those involved in the House of the People elections.

Campaign

The campaign period kicked off on June 23 and ran until September 16. On June 23, 2010, the full list of candidates was announced; 2,577 candidates filed to run, 405 of them women.[8]

On July 7, 2010, the Electoral Complaint Commission[9] announced that it had disqualified 36 candidates because of ties to illegal private militias. However, according to critics "the net caught a few small fish while the sharks swam around it".[10][11] Sima Samar, who heads the Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission, said she was concerned that there were alleged war criminals on the candidate lists.[12]

Security

"We urge people not to participate in the election. Everything and everyone affiliated with the election is our target -- candidates, security forces, campaigners, election workers, voters are all our targets," said Taliban spokesman Zabiullah Mujahid.[13]

Three candidates were killed during the campaign period while there were several attempts on the lives of others, some of which have resulted in the deaths of campaign workers.

In a tally kept by the Free Election Foundation of Afghanistan,[14] at least eleven campaign workers were killed.[15]

Polling centres

On August 18, Afghanistan’s Independent Election Commission[16] announced it would open 5,897 polling centers for the 2010 Wolesi Jirga elections. This was 938 fewer than the original plan to have 6,835 centers opened.[17]

The decision on whether to open or close polling centers was a matter of debate[18] but the IEC said decisions on the polling centers were made in conjunction with the country’s security agencies and on September 5 said it was too late to open more. This view was supported by the United Nations and Democracy International.[19][20]

On September 8, the IEC said a further 81 polling centers would remain shut in eastern Nangarhar province. This brought to 1,019 centers closed, which is almost 15 per cent of the preliminary list of 6835.[21]

Voting system

The voting system used for House of the People elections is single non-transferable vote. The system allows for candidates with as little as less than one percent of the first-choice vote to be elected, something that happened with a number of candidates in the 2005 election.[22] There have been calls to review the use of SNTV as it impedes the development of political parties and prevents fair and accurate representation of Afghanistan’s diverse population.[23]

Candidates

There were 2,584 candidates on the ballots for the 2010 Wolesi Jirga elections, across 34 provinces and a country-wide electorate for the nomadic Kuchi tribe.[24]

Some 406 candidates were women, who are allocated at least 68 seats.[25]

Notable incumbent candidates include: Ramazan Bashar Dost, who came third in the 2009 Afghan Presidential election; Younus Qanooni, runner-up to President Hamid Karzai in the 2004 presidential election and the inaugural Speaker of the Wolesi Jirga; Shukria Barakzai, a vocal supporter of women’s rights; and Mullah Abdul Salaam Rocketi, a former jihadist who earned his name from his skill in shooting rocket-propelled grenades during the Soviet occupation. All three of them stood for one of the 33 seats assigned to Kabul province. Fatima Aziz, an Afghan physician who was elected in 2005, was also re-elected.

Other candidates for Kabul included: comedian Zamir Kabuli, who is famous for ridiculing politicians and Farida Tarana, a 29-year-old former female contestant on Afghan Star, the local equivalent of American Idol.[26]

Controversy

Reflecting on the disputed previous presidential election, in December 2009 representatives of donor states expressed worries and even suggested that voting should be postponed. Since the violence and the accusations of fraud that accompanied the 2009 election,[27] another round of voting was expected to do more harm than good. The planned election might lead to a new campaign of violence by the Taliban to intimidate voters. The United Nations, the US and election observation missions, including one representing the European Union, had asked the Afghan government to refrain from further elections until it had written a new election law and created a list of registered voters.[28]

United States congressmen visiting Kabul that month also urged President Karzai to delay until electoral reforms were in place. Otherwise, Afghanistan could risk American financial support. Karzai insisted that the elections had to be held in May, despite concerns about their credibility.[29][30]

On January 24, the election authorities in Afghanistan decided to postpone the elections until September 18, due to "security concerns, logistical problems, and insufficient funds".[31] Using a loophole in the Constitution, the Karzai administration unilaterally rewrote the election law, and Karzai put it into effect by a decree on February 13, 2010. Under this new version, the five members of the Electoral Complaints Commission (ECC),[9] would be chosen by the president after consultation with the parliamentary leadership. Previously, three of the seats were held by foreigners appointed by the United Nations and the other two members were Afghans.[32][33] On March 31, 2010, the Lower House of the Afghan parliament rejected this change.[34]

In a speech at the U.S. Institute of Peace (USIP) on May 17, 2010, former Foreign Minister Abdullah Abdullah warned that another rigged election would be catastrophic, even more than the discredited presidential election in August 2009 from which he dropped out.[35][36]

On August 13, 2010, Staffan de Mistura, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon's special representative for Afghanistan, called upon the Afghan security forces to show heightened vigilance, referring to widespread intimidation of female candidates, the killing of three candidates and other violence directed against candidates.[37][38] The Free and Fair Election Foundation of Afghanistan (FEFA) stated that observers were based in all 34 provinces of Afghanistan to observe the campaigns at the provincial level, and volunteer observers in many districts as well.[39]

Starting June 2010, FEFA published monitoring reports into the election campaign,[40][41][42] in which it cataloged examples of violence against candidates or misuse of government resources. FEFA called on the Afghan government and Afghan and international security forces to take action against individuals perpetrating electoral violations and act decisively to protect voters and candidates and voters ahead of the parliamentary elections. In the report about the launch of the 2010 election campaigns, the FEFA detailed illegal actions of candidates, increasing attacks against candidates and campaign workers, and widespread intimidation of women. Warlords, the Taliban and rival candidates were blamed for the intimidation and already at least eight people had been assassinated in relation to the upcoming elections, including three candidates. According to some candidates the security situation was worse than with the 2009 elections, despite the arrival of the reinforcement of 30,000 American troops. Nader Nadery, Commissioner at the Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission (AIHRC) and director of FEFA, said that there was more intimidation, more attacks on female candidates and other candidates. "Areas in the south are becoming more and more insecure and areas in the north are becoming more and more intimidating for the weaker candidates." According to Mirwais Yasini, former deputy speaker of the Lower House and a candidate in Nangahar Province, in several districts it was impossible to campaign.[43]

There were also reports of thousands of fake voter registration cards in circulation that threatened the credibility of elections.[44]

Following the 2010 Qur'an-burning controversy, the UN's top diplomat in the country said the ensuing protests could force the delay of parliamentary elections.[45]

Fraud prevention

The Independent Election Commission endeavored to prevent the massive fraud that marred 2009's presidential elections, in which one million ballots for President Hamid Karzai were ruled invalid.[46]

The IEC sacked 6,000 election workers and tightened the security measures surrounding ballot boxes by introducing a computerized tracking system.[47]

However, it was expected that fraud would still occur and would be hard to spot, according to election observers Democracy International.[48]

Conduct

On election day, at least fourteen people were killed[49] amid UN and US warnings that security and fraud were major concerns at the election. The Taliban also fired rockets in several cities including Kabul and set off bombs at a polling station and by the governor of Kandahar's convoy.[50]

A Taliban website said that upwards of a hundred attacks had been carried out, though these claims were not confirmed; election authorities, however, said that the elections as a whole had been safe. The organization that monitored the elections, the Free and Fair Elections Foundation, said that "[t]hough there were numerous attacks, none were severe enough to disrupt voting on a wide scale."[51]

Fraud was also a concern, as some people were discovered trying to cast over a thousand illegitimate votes on behalf of candidates.[51] Some officials were accused of taking bribes;[49] and permanent ink was used to mark the fingers of those who had voted so as to identify and prevent multiple votes.[49]

The total turnout of voters was estimated to be almost 3.6 million out of a total of more than 10 million eligible voters.[49] The United Nations said that if five million people voted, the vote could be considered a success, given the difficulties of holding an election during a war.[49] The head of Afghanistan's Independent Election Commission said that he would consider the election a success if more than three million people voted, a tally that came to pass.[49] Out of a planned 5,816 open voting locations, authorities said that 92% had opened as scheduled, while the remainder had not opened due to security concerns.[49][51] The turnout was reported to be light due to Taliban threats.[52] However, the violence was also a lot less than expected.

Results

On September 26, the Independent Election Commission (IEC) ordered recounts at locations in seven provinces,[53] but left open the possibility of ordering recounts in other provinces. The recounts were ordered in Kunduz, Balkh, Takhar, Badakhshan and Parwan provinces in the north and northeast, Logar and Khost. At least five polling centres in eastern Khost province were declared invalid.

Preliminary results for all 34 provinces were originally due on October 8, but were unexpectedly put off citing the need to be "more accurate and precise."[54] However, they would still be subject to confirmation after the Electoral Complaints Commission adjudicates on its legality. Final, certified results were released on October 31.[55]

Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Independents	4,030,227	100	249	0
Invalid/blank votes		186,367	–	–	–
Total		4,216,594	100	249	0
Registered voters/turnout		10,300,000	40.94	–	–
Source: IEC, Election Guide

Elected MPs

(This list is incomplete)

name	province	number of votes	percentage	m/f	incumbency	ethnicity	associated party'
Alhaj Zulmai Mujadadi	Badakhshan	16,410	7.1%	m	incumbent	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Fawzia Koofi	Badakhshan	16,192	7.0%	f	incumbent	Tajik
Alhaj Safiullah Muslim	Badakhshan	8,632	3.7%	m	new	Uzbek
Abdul Latif Pedram	Badakhshan	8,469	3.7%	m	new	Tajik	National Congress Party (Leader)
Amanullah Paiman	Badakhshan	8,289	3.6%	m	incumbent	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Alhaj Shah Abdul Ahad Afzali	Badakhshan	8,164	3.5%	m	new	Tajik
Muhammad Zekria Soda	Badakhshan	7,982	3.5%	m	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Abdul Wali Niazi	Badakhshan	7,811	3.4%	m	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Dr. Nilofar Ibrahimi	Badakhshan	3,667	1.6%	f	new	Tajik
Sayed Muhammad Musa Janab Sahib	Badghis	4,593	7.4%	m	new		Hezbi Islami
Hajji Ghulam Sarwar Faiez	Badghis	3,802	6.1%	m	new	Hazara
Alhaj Qazi Abdul Rahim	Badghis	3,261	5.3%	m	new	Hazara
Safia Aymaq	Badghis	2,003	3.2%	f	new	Aymaq	Hezbi Islami
Sayed Mansoor Naderi	Baghlan	7,849	6.5%	m	incumbent	Hazara	Hezbe Paiwand Milli (Leader)
Obaidullah Rameen	Baghlan	5,362	4.4%	m	new	Hazara
Shukria Esa Khil	Baghlan	5,247	4.3%	f	incumbent	Pasthun	Afghan Mellat
Dr Mahdi	Baghlan	5,154	4.2%	m	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Muhammad Azim Muhsini	Baghlan	4,551	3.7%	m	new	Hazara
Delawar Aymaq	Baghlan	3,856	3.2%	m	new	Aymaq
Muhammad Zahir Ghani Zada	Baghlan	3,080	2.5%	m	new	Tajik
Alhaj Ustad Najya Aymaq	Baghlan	1,373	1.1%	f	new	Aymaq
Ahmad Shah Ramazan	Balkh	19,614	7.7%	m	new	Hazara
Abas Ibrahim Zada	Balkh	18,413	7.2%	m	new	Hazara	Hezbe Wahdat Islami Mardum
Alhaj Muhammad Ishaq Rahguzar	Balkh	17,181	6.8%	m	incumbent	Arab	Jamiat-e Islami
Alhaj Alam Khan Azadi	Balkh	16,820	6.6%	m	incumbent	Arab
Assadullah Sharifi	Balkh	15,351	6.0%	m	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Alhaj Muhammad Abdah	Balkh	14,173	5.6%	m	incumbent	Hazara	Hezbe Wahdat Islami Mardum
Alhaj Maulawi Abdul Rahman Rahmani	Balkh	12,389	4.9%	m	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Muhammad Farhad Azimi	Balkh	10,787	4.2%	m	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Sifora Niazai	Balkh	4,358	1.7%	f	incumbent	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Brishna Rabie	Balkh	3,229	1.3%	f	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Dr. Gulalay Noor Safi	Balkh	3,018	1.2%	f	incumbent	Pashtun
Colonel Abdul Rahman Shahidani	Bamyan	11,993	9.9%	m	new	Hazara
Hajji Fakuri Behishti	Bamyan	11,824	9.7%	m	incumbent	Hazara	Hezbe Eqtedar Milli
Ustad Muhammad Akbari	Bamyan	10,857	8.9%	m	incumbent	Hazara	Hezbe Wahdat Milli Islami (Leader)
Safoora Yalkhani	Bamyan	5,603	4.6%	f	incumbent	Hazara
Muhammad Noor Akbari	Daykundi	15,780	10.5%	m	incumbent	Hazara
Asadullah Saadati	Daykundi	12,742	8.5%	m	new	Hazara	Hezbe Wahdat Islami
Sadiqi Zada Neli	Daykundi	10,592	7.1%	m	incumbent	Hazara	Hezbe Eqtedar Milli
Sherin Muhseni	Daykundi	8,581	5.7%	f	incumbent	Hazara
Ustad Humaira Ayubi	Farah	3,763	10.0%	f	new	Pashtun
Samiullah Samim	Farah	3,690	9.8%	m	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Hajji Mammor Mussa	Farah	2,642	7.0%	m	incumbent	Pashtun	Hezbi Islami
Abdul Sabor Khidmat	Farah	2,415	6.4%	m	new	Pashtun
Alhaj Saranwal Muhammad Sarwar Usmani Farahi	Farah	2,223	5.9%	m	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Hajji Muhammad Hashim	Faryab	9,299	5.0%	m	new	Pashtun
Dr. Naqebullah Fayeq	Faryab	7,720	4.1%	m	new	Uzbek
Eng. Muhammad Hashim Awartaq	Faryab	7,617	4.1%	m	new	Uzbek
Bashir Ahmad Tah Yenj	Faryab	7,427	4.0%	m	new	Uzbek
Alhaj Fathullah Qaisari	Faryab	7,221	3.9%	m	incumbent	Uzbek	Junbish Milli
Muhammad Shakar Kargar	Faryab	6,906	3.7%	m	incumbent	Uzbek	Junbish Milli
Fauzia Raoufi	Faryab	2,480	1.3%	f	incumbent	Pashtun
Rangina Kargar	Faryab	1,573	0.8%	f	new	Uzbek
Asifa Shadab	Faryab	1,349	0.7%	f	incumbent	Tajik
Ali Akbar Qasimi	Ghazni	13,855	7.7%	m	incumbent	Hazara	Hezbe Wahdat Islami Mardum
Ustad Muhammad Ali Akhlaqi	Ghazni	10,078	5.6%	m	new	Hazara
Dr. Shah Jahan	Ghazni	9,209	5.1%	m	new	Hazara
Muhammad Ali Alizada	Ghazni	8,498	4.7%	m	new	Hazara	Hezbe Wahdat Islami Mardum
Dr. Abdul Qayoom Sajadi	Ghazni	6,898	3.9%	m	new	Hazara
Ustad Muhammad Arif Rahmani	Ghazni	6,864	3.8%	m	new	Hazara
Alhaj Khuda Dad Erfani	Ghazni	6,658	3.7%	m	new	Hazara	Hezbe Wahdat Islami
Huma Sultani	Ghazni	6,238	3.5%	f	new	Hazara
Eng. Nafisa Azimi	Ghazni	6,228	3.5%	f	new	Hazara	Hezbe Wahdat Islami Mardum
Chaman Shah Etimadi	Ghazni	5,891	3.3%	m	new	Hazara	Hezbe Wahdat Islami
Shah Gull Rezayee	Ghazni	3,679	2.1%	f	incumbent	Hazara
Dr. Muhammad Ibrahim Malikzad	Ghor	18,493	10.5%	m	incumbent	Aymaq
Hajji Qurban Kohistnai	Ghor	15,698	8.9%	m	incumbent	Hazara
Aqay Bahr	Ghor	13,385	7.6%	m	new	Hazara
Alhaj Karam-u-din Reza Zada	Ghor	12,352	7.0%	m	new	Aymaq
Ruqia Naiel	Ghor	8,747	5.0%	f	incumbent	Hazara
Seema Joyenda	Ghor	3,960	2.2%	f	new	Aymaq
Shikh Namtullah Ghafari	Helmand	3,042	9.1%	m	incumbent	Hazara
Hajji Abdul Hay	Helmand	2,403	7.2%	m	new	Pashtun
Hajji Muhammad Wali Alizai	Helmand	1,881	5.7%	m	new	Pashtun
Abdul Wudod	Helmand	1,847	5.6%	m	new	Pashtun
Abdul Jabar	Helmand	1,773	5.3%	m	new	Pashtun	Hezbi Islami
Massoud Khan Noorzai	Helmand	1,664	4.9%	m	new	Pashtun
Nasima Niazai	Helmand	1,324	4.0%	f	incumbent	Pashtun
Habiba Sadat	Helmand	574	1.7%	f	new	Pashtun
Ghulam Farooq Majroh	Herat	9,524	3.3%	m	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Qazi Nazer Ahmad Hanafi	Herat	8,716	3.0%	m	incumbent	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Ahmad Bihzad	Herat	7,733	2.7%	m	incumbent	Hazara
Hajji Ghulam Farooq Nazari	Herat	7,346	2.6%	m	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Ahmad Farhad Majedi	Herat	7,005	2.4%	m	new	Tajik
Muhammad Reza Khushak Watan Dost	Herat	6,961	2.4%	m	new	Hazara
Hajji Muhammad Arif Tayeb	Herat	6,106	2.1%	m	incumbent	Aymaq	Jamiat-e Islami
Hajji Khalil Ahmad Shahed Zada	Herat	6,048	2.1%	m	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Abdul Hadi Jamshedi	Herat	5,689	2.0%	m	incumbent	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Dr. Muhammad Salih Saljoqi	Herat	5,577	1.9%	m	incumbent	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Alhaj Eng. Monawar Shah Bahaduri	Herat	5,430	1.9%	m	new	Pashtun
Alhaj Muhammad Rafiq Shaheer	Herat	5,347	1.9%	m	new	Pashtun
Nahid Ahamdi Farid	Herat	4,042	1.4%	f	new
Shanaz Hemati	Herat	3,961	1.4%	f	incumbent
Masooda Karukhi	Herat	2,092	0.7%	f	new	Tajik
Ustad Najla Dehqan Nazhad	Herat	2,041	0.7%	f	incumbent	Pashtun	Hezbi Islami
Yasamin Barikzai	Herat	1,688	0.6%	f	new	Pashtun	Hezbe Musharikat Mili
Dr. Enayatullah Babur Ferahmand	Juzjan	8,137	8.1%	m	new	Uzbek
Baz Muhammad Juzjani	Juzjan	6,453	6.4%	m	incumbent	Arab
Abdul Satar Darzabi	Juzjan	5,543	5.5%	m	incumbent	Uzbek	Junbish Milli
Hajji Muhammad Ismail	Juzjan	5,168	5.1%	m	new	Turkmen
Fahima Sadat	Juzjan	3,058	3.0%	f	incumbent	Tajik
Hajji Muhammad Mohaqiq	Kabul	16,233	3.6%	m	new	Hazara	Hezbe Wahdat Islami Mardum (Leader)
Yunus Qanuni	Kabul	9,548	2.1%	m	incumbent	Tajik	Hezbe Afghanistan Naween (Leader)
Dr Ramazan Bashar Dost	Kabul	7,935	1.8%	m	incumbent	Hazara
Ustad Abdul Rab Rasool Sayaf	Kabul	7,158	1.6%	m	incumbent	Pashtun	Hezbe Dawat Islami (Leader)
Wakeel Fatima Nazari	Kabul	6,834	1.5%	m	new	Hazara	Hezbe Niyaaz Milli (Leader)
Mir Amanullah Guzar	Kabul	6,686	1.5%	m	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Farkhunda Zahra Naderi	Kabul	6,612	1.5%	f	new	Hazara	Hezbe Paiwand Milli
Hajji Muhammad Farhad Seddiqi	Kabul	5,128	1.1%	m	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Muhammad Ibrahim Qasemi	Kabul	5,014	1.1%	m	incumbent	Hazara
Dr. Jafar Mahdawi	Kabul	5,013	1.1%	m	new	Hazara	Hezbe Wahdat Islami Mardum
Sayed Hussain Anwari	Kabul	4,715	1.1%	m	new	Hazara	Hezbe Harakat Islami (Leader)
Baktash Siawash	Kabul	4,557	1.0%	m	new	Tajik
Alhaj Ezatullah Atif	Kabul	4,429	1.%	m	new	Arab
Alhaj Allah Gull Mujahid	Kabul	4,115	0.9%	m	new	Pashtun	Hezbi Islami
Hajji Muhammad Dawoud Kalakani	Kabul	3,926	0.9%	m	incumbent	Tajik	Hezbe Dawat Islami
Sharifullah Kamawal	Kabul	3,876	0.9%	m	new	Pashtun	Hezbi Islami
Dr Sayed Ali Kazemi	Kabul	3,764	0.8%	m	new	Hazara	Hezbe Eqtedar Milli (Leader)
Qais Hassan	Kabul	3,608	0.8%	m	new	Pashtun	Hezbi Islami
Sayed Hussain Alimi Balkhi	Kabul	3,423	0.8%	m	incumbent	Hazara
Eng. Shir Wali Wardak	Kabul	3,409	0.8%	m	new	Pashtun	Hezbi Islami
Anwar Khan Oriakhil	Kabul	3,200	0.7%	m	incumbent	Pashtun
Ramazan Juma Zada	Kabul	3,148	0.7%	m	new	Hazara	Hezbe Paiwand Milli
Shinkai Karokhail	Kabul	2,999	0.7%	f	new	Pashtun
Arfanullah Arfan	Kabul	2,977	0.7%	m	incumbent	Pashtun	Hezbi Islami
Dr Abdullah Kalimzai Wardak	Kabul	2,918	0.7%	m	new	Pashtun	Hezbi Islami
Ustad Qurban Ali Arfani	Kabul	2,905	0.7%	m	new	Hazara	Hezbe Wahdat Islami Millat (Leader)
Abdul Hafiz Mansoor	Kabul	2,903	0.7%	m	new	Tajik	Jamiat-e Islami
Torpekai Patman	Kabul	2,258	0.5%	f	new	Pashtun
Shukria Barikzai	Kabul	2,174	0.5%	f	incumbent	Pashtun
Ustad Rababa Parwani Darwish	Kabul	1,309	0.3%	f	new	Hazara
General Nazifa Zaki	Kabul	1,210	0.3%	f	new	Tajik
Kubra Mustafawi	Kabul	1,129	0.3%	f	new	Hazara
Fawzia Nasir Yar Guldarayee	Kabul	1,119	0.3%	f	incumbent	Tajik
Turan Sahib Abdul Khaliq Khan Balakarzai	Kandahar	5,663	7.5%	m	new	Pashtun
Muhammad Naiem Lalay Hamidzai	Kandahar	5,435	7.2%	m	new	Pashtun
Hajji Muhammad Omar Nangialay	Kandahar	4,946	6.6%	m	new	Pashtun
Abdul Rahim Ayubi	Kandahar	4,859	6.4%	m	new	Pashtun
Alhaj Mullah Sayed Muhammad Akhund	Kandahar	3,452	4.6%	m	new	Pashtun
Dr. Mahmood Khan	Kandahar	3,438	4.6%	m	new	Pashtun
Khalid Pashtoon	Kandahar	3,048	4.0%	m	incumbent
Attaullah Jan Habib	Kandahar	3,004	4.0%	m	new	Pashtun
Fariba Ahmadi Kakar	Kandahar	2,289	3.0%	f	new	Pashtun
Bibi Hamida	Kandahar	938	1.2%	f	new	Pashtun
Shakeeba Hashimi	Kandahar	627	0.8%	f	incumbent	Hazara
Alhaj Mirdad Khan Nijrabi	Kapisa	10,199	22.5%	m	new	Tajik
Eng. Muhammad Iqbal Safi	Kapisa	6,641	14.7%	m	incumbent	Pashtun	Hezbi Islami
Hajji Agha Jan	Kapisa	3,574	7.9%	m	new	Tajik	Hezbi Islami
Tahira Mujadidi	Kapisa	1,464	3.2%	f	new	Tajik	Hezbi Islami
Kamal Nasir Usoli	Khost	4,921	14.4%	m	new	Pashtun
Homayoon	Khost	2,839	8.3%	m	new
Alhaj Dr. Mirbat Khan Mangal	Khost	2,659	7.8%	m	new	Pashtun	Hezbi Islami
Leyaqatullah Babakarkhil	Khost	2,176	6.4%	m	incumbent	Pashtun
Sahira Sharif	Khost	2,110	6.2%	f	incumbent	Pashtun
Maulawi Shazada Shaid	Kunar	8,359	11.8%	m	incumbent
Hajji Sakhi	Kunar	6,827	9.7%	m	new	Pashtun	Hezbi Islami
Hajji Salih Muhammad	Kunar	5,853	8.3%	m	new	Pashtun
Wagma Sapai	Kunar	2,538	3.6%	f	Pashtun

Sources:[56][57][58][59]

The MPs are made up of: (38.5%) 96 Pashtuns, (24.5%) 61 Hazaras, (21%) 53 Tajiks, (6%) 15 Uzbeks, (3%) 8 Aymāq, (3%) 8 Arab, (1%) 3 Turkmen, (1%) 2 Nuristanis, (1%) 1 Baloch, (0.5%) 1 Pashai and (0.5%) 1 Turkic.

Pre-result reaction

President Karzai responded to the allegations, saying "[i]t is early for us to make concrete judgment ... as far as the quality of the election is concerned, and organization, this is too early to judge. The president and government will make judgment after the relevant organisations have concluded their work."[60]

Fraud allegations

Additionally, more than 100 complaints of fraud were filed in the first weekend, with another 1,300 complaints submitted orally, though the election commission said that they would not be reviewed unless they were put into writing.[61] By September 26, 3,460 complaints had been received by the Electoral Complaints Commission.[62]

Many candidates demanded a suspension of the vote because of allegations of fraud and vote-rigging.[63]

The election commission voided more than 20%, or 1.3 million, of the ballots, after fraud investigations.[64]

Twenty-one elected parliamentarians were also disqualified due to fraud.[65] A spokesman of the electoral commission said that 19 of the candidates were winning or leading their races, while two others had failed to win seats.[66]

Despite ongoing allegations of fraud and disqualifications, Karzai agreed to open parliament if the said controversies were not brought up.[67]

On 23 June 2011, a special tribunal led by Sidiquallah Haqiq and set up by Karzai to probe election irregularities declared the election of 62 MPs void and others elected in their stead, about a quarter of the races in the election. The MPs have the right to appeal to the Afghan Supreme Court[68]

On August 21, 2011, The Afghanistan Independent Election Commission announced at a news conference that nine members of Parliament would be removed and that nine candidates, previously disqualified over electoral irregularities, would have their seats restored.[69]

Party results

Only a minority of candidates contested the election on a party ticket, whilst a number of elected MP's were loosely associated with certain parties. Below is a table detailing the NDI's assessment of formal party strength. Due to the often unclear nature of Afghan party politics the figures given are not exact, and do not include unofficial party supporters, but are instead limited to the candidates who openly declared their party allegiance.

Party		Leader	Seats	+/–
	Jamiat-e Islami	Burhanuddin Rabbani	17 / 249
	PIUPA	Mohammad Mohaqiq	11 / 249
	Junbish	Abdul Rashid Dostum	10 / 249
	Jamhori	Engineer Habib	9 / 249
	Hezbe Wahdat	Karim Khalili	7 / 249
	Mahaz-e Milli	Ishaq Gailani	6 / 249
	Afghan Mellat	Anwar ul Haq Ahadi	4 / 249
	Dawat-e Islami	Abdul Rasul Sayyaf	4 / 249
	Paiwand-e Milli	Sayed Mansur Naderi	4 / 249
	Harakat-e Islami	Sayed Hussein Anwari	4 / 249
	Hezbi Islami	Abdul Hadi Arghandiwal	1 / 249
	Mutahed-e Milli	Nur ul-Haq Ulumi	1 / 249
	Adalat-e Islami	Qazi Mohammad Kabir Marzban	1 / 249
	Nahzat Hambastagi-e Milli	Sayed Ishaq Gailani	1 / 249
	Wahdat Islami Millat-e	Qurban Ali Erfani	1 / 249
	Hezbe Eqtedar Milli	Sayed Ali Kazemi	1 / 249
	Niaz Milli	Fatima Nazari	1 / 249
	Naveen	Yunus Qanuni	1 / 249
	Musharakat-e Milli	Najibullah Kabuli	1 / 249
	Jamhorikhwahan	Sibghatullah Sanjar	0 / 249
Source: National Democracy Institute, p.30

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External links

• Official website of the Afghan Independent Election Commission
• Afghan2010.com - an election information website run by Democracy International