2009 Voloshina

2009 Voloshina, provisional designation 1968 UL, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 27 kilometers in diameter.

For Ukrainian surname, see Voloshin.
2009 Voloshina
Discovery [1]
Discovered byT. Smirnova
Discovery siteCrimean Astrophysical Obs.
Discovery dateOctober 22, 1968 (1968-10-22)
Designations
(2009) Voloshina
Named after
Vera Danilovna Voloshina
(Soviet WWII partisan)[2]
1968 UL · 1926 FF
1929 TO · 1957 WF2
1959 EC · 1970 EL1
1973 SP6 · 1973 SU3
main-belt · (outer)
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc90.65 yr (33,111 days)
Aphelion3.5594 AU
Perihelion2.6725 AU
3.1160 AU
Eccentricity0.1423
5.50 yr (2,009 days)
261.36°
Inclination2.8609°
107.55°
6.2038°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions21.19±9.05 km[3]
26.558±0.476 km[4][5]
28.04±0.72 km[6]
34.67 km (derived)[7]
34.8 km (IRAS)[8]
2.94±0.010 h[9]
5.896±0.002 h[10]
5.907±0.0547 h[11]
0.0487 (derived)[7]
0.0698±0.009[8]
0.11±0.11[3]
0.118±0.007[6]
0.120±0.024[4][5]
C [7][12]
10.8[4][6] · 10.870±0.120 (R)[9] · 10.944±0.002 (R)[11] · 11.2[1][3][7] · 11.29±0.32[12]

    It was discovered on 22 October 1968, by Russian astronomer Tamara Smirnova at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnyj, on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named for WWII partisan Vera Voloshina.[2][13]

    Classification and orbit

    Voloshina orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.7–3.6 AU once every 5 years and 6 months (2,009 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.14 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    In March 1926, Voloshina was first observed as 1926 FF at Yerkes Observatory and one day later at Heidelberg Observatory. Its observation arc begins at Heidelberg, 62 years prior to its official discovery observation.[13]

    Physical characteristics

    Voloshina has been characterized as a carbonaceous C-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS photometric survey.[12]

    Lightcurves

    In May 2009, a rotational lightcurve of Voloshina was obtained from photometric observations by astronomers at the Oakley Southern Sky Observatory (E09) in Australia. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 5.896 hours with a brightness variation of 0.40 magnitude (U=3-).[10]

    In January and February 2014, astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory found a period of 2.94 and 5.907 hours with an amplitude of 0.32 and 0.27 magnitude, respectively (U=2/2).[9][11]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Voloshina measures between 21.19 and 34.8 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.0698 and 0.120.[3][4][5][6][8]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0487 and calculates a diameter of 34.67 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.2.[7]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named in honor of Vera Danilovna Voloshina (1919–1941), a partisan of the Soviet Great Patriotic War (1941–1945), also known as the Eastern Front of the Second World War.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 September 1978 (M.P.C. 4481).[14]

    gollark: No, if the eye could see it it would be gamma ray colored.
    gollark: Also, they can ionise things without stopping.
    gollark: My physics knowledge is obviously not really that complete, and you're not being very specific, but it's probably that they can only go through a bit of matter, or at least are *sometimes* absorbed and sometimes go through.
    gollark: It seems harder to shield humans and the weird biological processes which get affected against radiation than computers, where it basically just boils down to more redundancy and possibly better materials/processes.
    gollark: (there's ECC support in RAM and SSDs and stuff, but as far as I know they just put radiation shielding on for CPUs)

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2009 Voloshina (1968 UL)" (2016-11-11 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2009) Voloshina". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2009) Voloshina. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 163. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2010. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    4. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    5. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    6. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    7. "LCDB Data for (2009) Voloshina". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    8. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    9. Chang, Chan-Kao; Ip, Wing-Huen; Lin, Hsing-Wen; Cheng, Yu-Chi; Ngeow, Chow-Choong; Yang, Ting-Chang; et al. (August 2015). "Asteroid Spin-rate Study Using the Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 219 (2): 19. arXiv:1506.08493. Bibcode:2015ApJS..219...27C. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/219/2/27. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    10. Ditteon, Richard; Kirkpatrick, Elaine; Doering, Katelyn (January 2010). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Oakley Southern Sky Observatory: 2009 April - May". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 37 (1): 1–3. Bibcode:2010MPBu...37....1D. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    11. Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    12. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    13. "2009 Voloshina (1968 UL)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    14. Schmadel, Lutz D. "Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 221. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4. ISBN 978-3-642-01964-7.

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