2'-O-methylation

2'-O-methylation is a common nucleoside modification of RNA, where a methyl group is added to the 2' hydroxyl of the ribose moiety of a nucleoside, producing a methoxy group. 2'-O-methylated nucleosides are mostly found in ribosomal RNA and small nuclear RNA and occur in the functionally essential regions of the ribosome and spliceosome.[1] Currently, about 1210 2'-O-methylations (2'-O-Me) have been identified in mammals and yeast and deposited in RMBase (RNA Modification Base) database.[2]

2'-O-methyl-adenosine, a modified adenosine.

Having chemical properties intermediate between RNA and DNA, 2'-O-methylation is presumed to have been one of the reactive group of RNA molecules on early earth that would have given rise to DNA.[3]

Recently a novel method to map 2'-O ribose methylations by high throughput sequencing has been published.[4] The method is quantitative and maps all modifications in a single experiment.

See also

References
  1. Kiss T (2001). "Small nucleolar RNA-guided post-transcriptional modification of cellular RNAs". EMBO J. 20 (14): 3617–3622. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.14.3617. PMC 125535. PMID 11447102.
  2. Sun, WJ; Li, JH; Liu, S; Wu, J; Zhou, H; Qu, LH; Yang, JH (4 January 2016). "RMBase: a resource for decoding the landscape of RNA modifications from high-throughput sequencing data". Nucleic Acids Research. 44 (D1): D259–65. doi:10.1093/nar/gkv1036. PMC 4702777. PMID 26464443.
  3. Rana, Ajay K.; Ankri, Serge (2016). "Reviving the RNA World: An Insight into the Appearance of RNA Methyltransferases". Frontiers in Genetics. 7: 99. doi:10.3389/fgene.2016.00099. PMC 4893491. PMID 27375676.
  4. Birkedal U; et al. (2015). "Profiling of Ribose Methylations in RNA by High-Throughput Sequencing". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 54 (2): 451–455. doi:10.1002/anie.201408362. PMID 25417815.


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