1979 Sakharov

1979 Sakharov, provisionally designated 2006 P-L, is a stony Vestian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 4.5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered during the Palomar–Leiden survey in 1960, and named after Russian physicist Andrei Sakharov.

1979 Sakharov
Discovery [1]
Discovered byC. J. van Houten
I. van Houten-G.
T. Gehrels
Discovery sitePalomar Obs.
Discovery date24 September 1960
Designations
(1979) Sakharov
Named after
Andrei Sakharov
(Russian physicist)[2]
2006 P-L · 1971 SQ3
1982 SZ12
main-belt · Vestian [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc56.60 yr (20,672 days)
Aphelion2.6125 AU
Perihelion2.1368 AU
2.3747 AU
Eccentricity0.1002
3.66 yr (1,337 days)
157.42°
0° 16m 9.48s / day
Inclination6.0480°
202.65°
221.15°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions4.51 km (taken)[3]
4.512 km[4]
4.760±0.211 km[5][6]
7.5202±0.0003 h[7]
7.5209±0.0002 h[1][lower-alpha 1]
7.521±0.005 h[lower-alpha 1]
7.589±0.001 h[8]
0.262[3][4]
0.3103±0.0450[5]
0.394±0.040[6]
Q-V [9] · S [3]
13.31±0.02 (R)[lower-alpha 1] · 13.5[5] · 13.6[1] · 13.67±0.28[9] · 13.8±0.054[4][3]

    Discovery

    Sakharov was discovered on 24 September 1960, by the Dutch astronomers Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten, on photographic plates taken by Dutch–American astronomer Tom Gehrels at the U.S. Palomar Observatory in California.[10]

    Survey designation

    The survey designation "P-L" stands for Palomar–Leiden, named after Palomar Observatory and Leiden Observatory, which collaborated on the fruitful Palomar–Leiden survey in the 1960s. Gehrels used Palomar's Samuel Oschin telescope (also known as the 48-inch Schmidt Telescope), and shipped the photographic plates to Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten at Leiden Observatory where astrometry was carried out. The trio are credited with the discovery of several thousand minor planets.[11]

    Orbit and classification

    Sakharov is a member of the Vesta family, which is named after the main-belt's second-largest body, 4 Vesta. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.1–2.6 AU once every 3 years and 8 months (1,337 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.10 and an inclination of 6° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Palomar, .[10]

    Physical characteristics

    The stony S-type asteroid, has been characterized as a Q-V-type by PanSTARRS photometric survey.[9]

    Rotation period

    In 2011 and 2013, a total of four well-defined rotational lightcurves were obtained for this asteroid by astronomers Julian Oey at the Australian Kingsgrove and Leura/ Blue Mountains Observatory (E19 and E17/Q68)[7][8] and by Petr Pravec at the Czech Ondřejov Observatory.[lower-alpha 1] The lightcurve gave a rotation period of 7.520 to 7.589 hours with a brightness variation between 0.12 and 0.22 in magnitude (U=3/3-/3-/3).

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the original data from the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, the asteroid measures 4.8 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.31,[5] while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link agrees with the revised NEOWISE data[4] which gave an albedo of 0.26 and a diameter of 4.5 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 13.8.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named in honour of renowned Russian mathematician and physicist Andrei Sakharov (1921–1989), who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1975.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 August 1981 (M.P.C. 6207).[12]

    Notes
    1. Pravec (2011) web: rotation period 7.5209±0.0002 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.13 magnitude and an absolute magnitude of 13.31 (see lightcurve plot). Also, Pravec(2013) web: rotation period 7.521±0.005 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.21 mag. Summary figures at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) for (1979) Sakharov and Pravec, P.; Wolf, M.; Sarounova, L. (2011) / Pravec, P.; Wolf, M.; Sarounova, L. (2013)
    gollark: If they're buying a giant amount of cards they won't also want to buy insanely expensive ones.
    gollark: No, they'll probably still care about money.
    gollark: Most people care about performance per $ because few people can just wildly throw money at things.
    gollark: To be fair, many workstation cards have overinflated prices.
    gollark: So can other people, I'm sure.

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1979 Sakharov (2006 P-L)" (2017-04-30 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 10 June 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1979) Sakharov". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1979) Sakharov. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 160. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1980. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1979) Sakharov". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 30 August 2016.
    4. Pravec, Petr; Harris, Alan W.; Kusnirák, Peter; Galád, Adrián; Hornoch, Kamil (September 2012). "Absolute magnitudes of asteroids and a revision of asteroid albedo estimates from WISE thermal observations". Icarus. 221 (1): 365–387. Bibcode:2012Icar..221..365P. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2012.07.026. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
    5. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    6. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    7. Oey, Julian; Inasaridze, Raguli Ya.; Kvaratskhelia, Otar I.; Ayvazian, Vova; Chirony, Vasilij G.; Krugly, Yurij N.; et al. (July 2013). "Lightcurve Analysis is Search of Binary Asteroids". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 40 (3): 169–172. Bibcode:2013MPBu...40..169O. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
    8. Oey, Julian (October 2014). "Lightcurve Analysis of Asteroids from Blue Mountains Observatory in 2013". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 41 (4): 276–281. Bibcode:2014MPBu...41..276O. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
    9. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
    10. "1979 Sakharov (2006 P-L)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
    11. "Minor Planet Discoverers". Minor Planet Center. 18 August 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
    12. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 30 August 2016.

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