1975 Pacific typhoon season

	Tropical depression (JMA)
	Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Duration	April 22 – April 28
Peak intensity	45 km/h (30 mph) (1-min) 1005 hPa (mbar)

	Typhoon (JMA)
	Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	January 21 – January 28
Peak intensity	130 km/h (80 mph) (1-min) 975 hPa (mbar)

1975 Pacific typhoon season
	Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formed	January 21, 1975
Last system dissipated	December 30, 1975
Strongest storm
Name	June
• Maximum winds	295 km/h (185 mph); (1-minute sustained)
• Lowest pressure	875 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Total depressions	25
Total storms	20
Typhoons	14
Super typhoons	3 (unofficial)
Total fatalities	>229,160
Total damage	> $1.2 billion (1975 USD)
Related articles
	1975 Atlantic hurricane season; 1975 Pacific hurricane season; 1975 North Indian Ocean cyclone season;

The 1975 Pacific typhoon season was one of the deadliest tropical cyclone seasons on record, with nearly 230,000 fatalities occurring during the season. It had no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1975, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.

Tropical Storms formed in the entire west pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions in this basin have the "W" suffix added to their number. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names.

Some of the notable storms here are Typhoon Nina, which caused the Banqiao Dam flood, which resulted in approximately 229,000 people dead, and Super Typhoon June, which was the strongest storm on record with a pressure of 875 mbar, until beaten by Typhoon Tip in 1979 with 870 mbar.

Systems

25 tropical depressions formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 20 became tropical storms. 14 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 3 reached super typhoon strength.[1]

Typhoon Lola (Auring)

Typhoon Lola (Auring) was a very early typhoon. It made landfall on Mindanao as a minimal typhoon on January 24 and transversed the southern Philippines as a tropical storm. Lola crossed the South China Sea before stalling in the open sea and dissipating on January 28. The typhoon caused 30 casualties from mudslides and heavy rain.

Tropical Depression 02W

2W formed near the Philippines and hit it.

Tropical Storm Mamie

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)

Duration	July 26 – July 30
Peak intensity	75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min) 992 hPa (mbar)

Mamie skirted Japan and Korea.

Super Typhoon Nina (Bebeng)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)

Duration	July 30 – August 6
Peak intensity	250 km/h (155 mph) (1-min) 900 hPa (mbar)

Nina was a short-lived but rapidly intensifying typhoon. After forming on July 30, it struck Taiwan at super typhoon intensity. It stayed a typhoon during its passage over the island, causing 25 fatalities and widespread damage. It emerged into the Formosa Strait and weakened to a tropical storm. Nina headed inland. Its moisture interacted with a cold front, causing a huge amount of rainfall. The rainfall contributed to the bursting of the Banqiao Dam, causing the deaths of at least 229,000 people.

Tropical Depression 05W (Karing)

Tropical depression (PAGASA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)

Duration	August 5 – August 7
Peak intensity	55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min)

5W lasted two days.

Typhoon Ora (Diding)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)

Duration	August 9 – August 15
Peak intensity	120 km/h (75 mph) (1-min) 970 hPa (mbar)

Ora hit China.

Typhoon Phyllis (Etang)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)

Duration	August 11 – August 18
Peak intensity	220 km/h (140 mph) (1-min) 920 hPa (mbar)

Phyllis struck the southern part of Japan on August 17 as a minimal typhoon, having weakened from a peak of 140 mph winds. Phyllis caused over 60 casualties, with landslides and flooding causing moderate to heavy damage.

Typhoon Rita

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)

Duration	August 17 – August 24
Peak intensity	150 km/h (90 mph) (1-min) 965 hPa (mbar)

Rita formed August 17 and erratically headed north and affected the Ryūkyū Islands. Rita then made landfall on Shikoku as a moderately strong Category 1 typhoon. It moved along the entire length of Japan, weakening to a depression. Rita strengthened back into a tropical storm over the Kuril Islands— an unusually northerly location— before dissipating on August 24. At least 26 deaths can be attributed to this typhoon from the heavy flooding— the worst in 10 years.

Severe Tropical Storm Susan

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)

Duration	August 25 – September 3
Peak intensity	95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min) 985 hPa (mbar)

Susan moved generally north.

Typhoon Tess

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)

Duration	September 1 – September 10
Peak intensity	175 km/h (110 mph) (1-min) 945 hPa (mbar)

Tess followed Susan's footsteps.

Tropical Storm Viola (Gening)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)

Duration	September 4 – September 8
Peak intensity	85 km/h (50 mph) (1-min) 995 hPa (mbar)

Viola did not affect land.

Typhoon Winnie

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)

Duration	September 8 – September 12
Peak intensity	120 km/h (75 mph) (1-min) 980 hPa (mbar)

Winnie did not affect land either.

Typhoon Alice (Herming)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)

Duration	September 15 – September 21
Peak intensity	140 km/h (85 mph) (1-min) 970 hPa (mbar)

Alice hit the Philippines, China, Vietnam and Thailand.

Typhoon Betty (Ising)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)

Duration	September 17 – September 24
Peak intensity	175 km/h (110 mph) (1-min) 950 hPa (mbar)

Betty hit Taiwan and China.

Typhoon Cora (Luding)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)

Duration	September 30 – October 9
Peak intensity	195 km/h (120 mph) (1-min) 945 hPa (mbar)

Cora re-curved east of Japan.

Severe Tropical Storm Doris

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)

Duration	October 2 – October 7
Peak intensity	100 km/h (65 mph) (1-min) 985 hPa (mbar)

Doris hit China as a high-end tropical storm.

Super Typhoon Elsie (Mameng)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)

Duration	October 8 – October 15
Peak intensity	250 km/h (155 mph) (1-min) 900 hPa (mbar)

This storm ultimately hit Hong Kong.

Tropical Depression 18W (Neneng)

Tropical depression (PAGASA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)

Duration	October 15 – October 17
Peak intensity	45 km/h (30 mph) (10-min) 1002 hPa (mbar)

18W dissipated near the Philippines.

Typhoon Flossie

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)

Duration	October 19 – October 23
Peak intensity	130 km/h (80 mph) (1-min) 970 hPa (mbar)

Flossie struck the extreme southern part of China at Category 1 intensity. 44 people were lost from 2 freighters sinking.

Severe Tropical Storm Grace (Oniang)

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)

Duration	October 24 – November 4
Peak intensity	110 km/h (70 mph) (1-min) 985 hPa (mbar)

Grace moved northwest away from the Philippines.

Tropical Storm Helen (Pepang)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)

Duration	November 1 – November 4
Peak intensity	85 km/h (50 mph) (1-min) 1000 hPa (mbar)

Helen hit Vietnam and The Philippines.

Typhoon Ida

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)

Duration	November 5 – November 14
Peak intensity	155 km/h (100 mph) (1-min) 950 hPa (mbar)

Ida recurved out to sea.

Super Typhoon June (Rosing)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)

Duration	November 15 – November 25
Peak intensity	295 km/h (185 mph) (1-min) 875 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon June was the strongest storm of the season, but it had no effect on land. At the time, June was the strongest typhoon on record, and tropical cyclone worldwide, with a minimum central pressure of 875 millibars. June was also the first recorded case of a typhoon with triple eyewalls.[2]

Tropical Depression 24W (Sisang)

Tropical depression (PAGASA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)

Duration	December 26 – December 30
Peak intensity	55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min)

A late season tropical depression affected the Philippines before turning back toward the ocean and dissipated out at sea.

Tropical Storm 25W

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)

Duration	December 26 – December 30
Peak intensity	55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min) 996 hPa (mbar)

25W formed in the South China Sea.

Storm names

International

Western North Pacific tropical cyclones were named by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. The first storm of 1975 was named Lola and the final one was named June.

Agnes
Bonnie
Carmen
Della
Elaine
Faye
Gloria
Hester
Irma
Judy
Kit
Lola 1W
Mamie 3W
Nina 4W
Ora 6W
Phyllis 7Ws
Rita 8W
Susan 9W
Tess 10W
Viola 11W
Winnie 12W

Alice 13W
Betty 14W
Cora 15W
Doris 16W
Elsie 17W
Flossie 19W
Grace 20W
Helen 21W
Ida 22W
June 23W
Kathy
Lorna
Marie
Nancy
Olga
Pamela
Ruby
Sally
Therese
Violet
Wilda

Anita
Billie
Clara
Dot
Ellen
Fran
Georgia
Hope
Iris
Joan
Kate
Louise
Marge
Nora
Opal
Patsy
Ruth
Sarah
Thelma
Vera
Wanda

Amy
Babe
Carla
Dinah
Emma
Freda
Gilda
Harriet
Ivy
Jean
Kim
Lucy
Mary
Nadine
Olive
Polly
Rose
Shirley
Trix
Virginia
Wendy

Philippines

Auxiliary list
Auring	Bebeng	Karing	Diding	Etang
Gening	Herming	Ising	Luding	Mameng
Neneng	Oniang	Pepang	Rosing	Sisang
Trining (unused)	Uring (unused)	Warling (unused)	Yayang (unused)
				Ading (unused)
Barang (unused)	Krising (unused)	Dadang (unused)	Erling (unused)	Goying (unused)

The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration uses its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones in their area of responsibility. PAGASA assigns names to tropical depressions that form within their area of responsibility and any tropical cyclone that might move into their area of responsibility. Should the list of names for a given year prove to be insufficient, names are taken from an auxiliary list, the first 6 of which are published each year before the season starts. Names not retired from this list will be used again in the 1979 season. This is the same list used for the 1971 season. PAGASA uses its own naming scheme that starts in the Filipino alphabet, with names of Filipino female names ending with "ng" (A, B, K, D, etc.). Names that were not assigned/going to use are marked in gray.

References

1975 ATCR TABLE OF CONTENTS Archived 2011-06-06 at the Wayback Machine
Shanmin, Chen (1987). "Preliminary analysis on the structure and intensity of concentric double-eye typhoons". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 4 (1): 113–118. Bibcode:1987AdAtS...4..113C. doi:10.1007/BF02656667.

External links

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[1975ATCRArchive-1] 1975 ATCR TABLE OF CONTENTS Archived 2011-06-06 at the Wayback Machine

[shanmin1987-2] Shanmin, Chen (1987). "Preliminary analysis on the structure and intensity of concentric double-eye typhoons". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 4 (1): 113–118. Bibcode:1987AdAtS...4..113C. doi:10.1007/BF02656667.