181st New York State Legislature

The 181st New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 8, 1975, to August 5, 1976, during the first and second years of Hugh Carey's governorship in Albany.

181st New York State Legislature
←180th 182nd→
Overview
Legislative bodyNew York State Legislature
JurisdictionNew York, United States
TermJanuary 1, 1975 – December 31, 1976
Senate
Members60
PresidentLt. Gov. Mary Anne Krupsak (D)
Temporary PresidentWarren M. Anderson (R)
Party controlRepublican (34–26)
Assembly
Members150
SpeakerStanley Steingut (D)
Party controlDemocratic (88–61–1)
Sessions
1stJanuary 8 – July 12, 1975
2ndSeptember 4 – 9, 1975
3rdNovember 13 – December 20, 1975
4thJanuary 7 – June 30, 1976
5thAugust 4 – 5, 1976

Background

The U.S. Department of Justice found fault with the congressional, senatorial and Assembly districts in Manhattan and Brooklyn under the apportionment of 1971, and ordered a revision to safeguard the rights of minorities.[1] The Legislature enacted an amendment to the 1971 apportionment, remapping the legislative districts in Manhattan and Brooklyn, during a special session on May 29 and 30, 1974.[2] On July 1, the U.S. Department of Justice accepted the revised districts as passed by the Legislature.[3]

Thus, under the provisions of the New York Constitution of 1938 and the U.S. Supreme Court decision to follow the One man, one vote rule, re-apportioned in 1971, and amended in 1974, by the Legislature, 60 Senators and 150 assemblymen were elected in single-seat districts for two-year terms. Senate and Assembly districts consisted of approximately the same number of inhabitants, the area being apportioned without restrictions regarding county boundaries.

At this time there were two major political parties: the Republican Party and the Democratic Party. The Conservative Party, the Liberal Party, the Courage Party, the Free Libertarian Party, the Socialist Workers Party, the Communist Party, the Socialist Labor Party and the Labor Party also nominated tickets.

Elections

The New York state election, 1974, was held on November 5. Congressman Hugh Carey and State Senator Mary Anne Krupsak were elected Governor and Lieutenant Governor, both Democrats. Carey defeated the incumbent Governor Malcolm Wilson. The elections to the other five statewide elective offices resulted in a Republican Attorney General with Liberal endorsement; a Democratic State Comptroller with Liberal endorsement; a Republican U.S. Senator with Liberal endorsement; and two Democratic judges of the Court of Appeals, one of them with Liberal endorsement. The approximate party strength at this election, as expressed by the vote for Governor, was: Democrats/Liberals 3,029,000; Republicans/Conservatives 2,220,000; Courage 12,500; Free Libertarians 10,500; Socialist Workers 9,000; Communists 5,000; Socialist Labor 4,500; and Labor 3,000. Gathering from the results for the other offices, the strength of the Liberals was about 400,000 votes, and the Conservatives about 250,000. However, Conservative Barbara A. Keating polled more than 800,000 votes for U.S. Senator.

Of the seven women members of the previous legislature, State Senator Mary Anne Krupsak (Dem.), a lawyer of Amsterdam, was elected Lieutenant Governor of New York, and became ex officio President of the State Senate; and five of the other six—State Senators Karen Burstein, a lawyer of Lawrence, and Carol Bellamy, a lawyer of Brooklyn; and Assemblywomen Elizabeth Connelly (Dem.), of Staten Island; Estella B. Diggs, of the Bronx; and Rosemary R. Gunning (Cons.), a lawyer of Ridgewood, Queens—were re-elected. Linda Winikow, of Spring Valley, was also elected to the State Senate. Jean Amatucci (Dem.), a registered nurse of White Lake; Mary B. Goodhue (Rep.), a lawyer of Mount Kisco; and Marie M. Runyon (Dem.), of Manhattan, were also elected to the Assembly.

The New York state election, 1975, was held on November 4. No statewide elective offices were up for election. One vacancy was filled in the Legislature: Jeannette Gadson, of Brooklyn, was elected to the Assembly.

On February 10, 1976, Gerdi E. Lipschutz (Dem.), of Queens, was elected to fill a vacancy in the Assembly, making her the eleventh woman member of the Legislature of 1976, surpassing the previous record of eight in the 166th New York State Legislature (1947–1948).

Sessions

The Legislature met for the first regular session (the 198th) at the State Capitol in Albany on January 8, 1975; and adjourned sine die in the morning of July 12.[4]

Stanley Steingut (Dem.) was elected Speaker.

Warren M. Anderson (Rep.) was re-elected Temporary President of the State Senate.

The Legislature met for a special session at the State Capitol in Albany on September 4, 1975;[5] and adjourned sine die in the early morning of September 9.[6] This session was called to take measures concerning the financial crisis of New York City.

The Legislature met for another special session at the State Capitol in Albany on November 13, 1975.[7] On November 25, a help package worth $200 million was enacted to avert the financial breakdown of New York City.[8] They adjourned sine die on December 20, after enacting an increase of $600 million in state taxes.[9]

The Legislature met for the second regular session (the 199th) at the State Capitol in Albany on January 7, 1976;[10] and adjourned sine die in the morning of June 30.[11]

The Legislature met for yet another special session at the State Capitol in Albany on August 4, 1976;[12] and adjourned sine die on the next day.[13] This session was called to consider Governor Carey's proposed court reform.[14]

State Senate

Senators

The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature. Franz S. Leichter changed from the Assembly to the Senate at the beginning of the session. Assemblyman Anthony V. Gazzara was elected to fill a vacancy in the Senate.

Note: For brevity, the chairmanships omit the words "...the Committee on (the)..."

District Senator Party Notes
1st Leon E. Giuffreda* Republican
2nd Bernard C. Smith* Republican
3rd Caesar Trunzo* Republican
4th Owen H. Johnson* Republican
5th Ralph J. Marino* Republican
6th John R. Dunne* Republican
7th John D. Caemmerer* Republican
8th Norman J. Levy* Republican
9th Karen Burstein* Democrat
10th John J. Santucci* Democrat on December 30, 1976, appointed as D.A. of Queens County[15]
11th Frank Padavan* Republican
12th Jack E. Bronston* Democrat
13th Emanuel R. Gold* Democrat
14th John J. Moore* Democrat died on January 18, 1976
Anthony V. Gazzara* Democrat on March 2, 1976, elected to fill vacancy[16]
15th Martin J. Knorr* Republican
16th A. Frederick Meyerson* Democrat in March 1976, appointed to the New York City Criminal Court
Howard E. Babbush Democrat on April 27, 1976, elected to fill vacancy
17th Major Owens Democrat
18th Chester J. Straub* Democrat resigned in December 1975
Thomas J. Bartosiewicz Democrat on February 10, 1976, elected to fill vacancy[17]
19th Jeremiah B. Bloom* Democrat
20th Donald Halperin* Democrat
21st William T. Conklin* Republican Deputy Majority Leader
22nd Albert B. Lewis* Democrat
23rd Vander L. Beatty* Democrat
24th John J. Marchi* Republican Chairman of Finance
25th Carol Bellamy* Democrat
26th Roy M. Goodman* Republican
27th Manfred Ohrenstein* Democrat Minority Leader
28th Carl McCall Democrat
29th Franz S. Leichter* Democrat
30th Robert García* Democrat
31st Israel Ruiz, Jr. Democrat
32nd Joseph L. Galiber* Democrat
33rd Abraham Bernstein* Democrat
34th John D. Calandra* Republican
35th John E. Flynn* Republican
36th Joseph R. Pisani* Republican
37th Bernard G. Gordon* Republican
38th Linda Winikow Democrat
39th Jay P. Rolison, Jr.* Republican
40th Richard E. Schermerhorn* Republican
41st Douglas Hudson* Republican
42nd Howard C. Nolan, Jr. Democrat
43rd Ronald B. Stafford* Republican
44th Fred Isabella Democrat
45th Hugh Douglas Barclay* Republican
46th James H. Donovan* Republican
47th Warren M. Anderson* Republican re-elected Temporary President
48th Edwyn E. Mason* Republican
49th Martin S. Auer* Republican
50th Tarky Lombardi, Jr.* Republican
51st William T. Smith* Republican
52nd Frederick L. Warder* Republican
53rd John D. Perry Democrat
54th Fred J. Eckert* Republican
55th Joseph A. Tauriello* Democrat
56th James D. Griffin* Democrat
57th Jess J. Present* Republican
58th vacant Senator-elect Thomas F. McGowan (R) was appointed to the New York Supreme Court
Dale M. Volker Republican on February 4, 1975, elected to fill vacancy[18]
59th James T. McFarland* Republican
60th Lloyd H. Paterson* Republican

Employees
  • Secretary: Albert J. Abrams, resigned 1976
    • Roger C. Thompson, in 1976

State Assembly

Assemblymen

The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature.

Note: For brevity, the chairmanships omit the words "...the Committee on (the)..."

District Assemblymen Party Notes
1st Perry B. Duryea, Jr.* Republican Minority Leader
2nd George J. Hochbrueckner Democrat
3rd Icilio W. Bianchi, Jr.* Democrat
4th Robert C. Wertz* Republican
5th Paul E. Harenberg Democrat
6th John C. Cochrane* Republican
7th John J. Flanagan* Republican
8th Regis B. O'Neil, Jr. Republican
9th William L. Burns* Republican
10th Lewis J. Yevoli Democrat
11th Philip B. Healey* Republican
12th George A. Murphy* Republican
13th Milton Jonas* Republican
14th Joseph M. Reilly* Republican
15th Angelo F. Orazio Democrat
16th Irwin J. Landes* Democrat
17th Joseph M. Margiotta* Republican
18th Armand P. D'Amato* Republican
19th John S. Thorp Jr.* Democrat
20th Arthur J. Kremer* Democrat
21st Henry W. Dwyer Republican
22nd Herbert A. Posner* Democrat on November 4, 1975, elected to the New York City Civil Court
Gerdi E. Lipschutz Democrat on February 10, 1976, elected to fill vacancy
23rd John A. Esposito* Republican
24th Saul Weprin* Democrat
25th Vincent F. Nicolosi* Democrat
26th Leonard P. Stavisky* Democrat
27th Arthur J. Cooperman* Democrat
28th Alan G. Hevesi* Democrat
29th Guy R. Brewer* Democrat
30th Herbert J. Miller* Democrat
31st Alfred A. DelliBovi* Republican
32nd Edward Abramson* Democrat
33rd John T. Flack* Republican
34th Joseph F. Lisa* Democrat
35th John G. Lopresto* Republican
36th Anthony V. Gazzara* Democrat on March 2, 1976, elected to the State Senate
Denis J. Butler Democrat on April 27, 1976, elected to fill vacancy[19]
37th Rosemary R. Gunning* Cons./Rep.
38th Frederick D. Schmidt Democrat
39th Stanley Fink* Democrat
40th Edward Griffith* Democrat
41st Stanley Steingut* Democrat elected Speaker
42nd Brian Sharoff* Democrat
43rd George A. Cincotta* Democrat
44th Mel Miller* Democrat
45th Chuck Schumer Democrat
46th Howard L. Lasher* Democrat
47th Frank J. Barbaro* Democrat
48th Leonard Silverman* Democrat
49th Dominick L. DiCarlo* Republican
50th Christopher J. Mega* Republican
51st Joseph Ferris Democrat
52nd Michael L. Pesce* Democrat
53rd Woodrow Lewis* Democrat
54th Charles T. Hamilton* Democrat resigned
Jeannette Gadson Democrat on November 4, 1975, elected to fill vacancy
55th Thomas R. Fortune* Democrat
56th Albert Vann Democrat
57th Harvey L. Strelzin* Democrat
58th Joseph R. Lentol* Democrat
59th Peter G. Mirto* Democrat
60th Guy Molinari Republican
61st Elizabeth Connelly* Democrat
62nd Louis DeSalvio* Democrat
63rd Anthony G. DiFalco* Democrat
64th William F. Passannante* Democrat
65th Andrew J. Stein* Democrat
66th Mark Alan Siegel Democrat
67th Richard N. Gottfried* Democrat
68th Alexander B. Grannis Democrat
69th Albert H. Blumenthal* Democrat Majority Leader
70th Marie M. Runyon Democrat
71st George W. Miller* Democrat
72nd Angelo Del Toro Democrat
73rd Edward H. Lehner* Democrat
74th Herman D. Farrell, Jr. Democrat
75th José E. Serrano Democrat
76th Seymour Posner* Democrat
77th Armando Montano* Democrat
78th Estella B. Diggs* Democrat
79th Louis Niñé* Democrat
80th Guy J. Velella* Republican
81st Alan Hochberg* Democrat
82nd Thomas J. Culhane* Democrat
83rd Burton Hecht* Democrat Chairman of Ways and Means;
on November 2, 1976, elected to the New York City Civil Court
84th G. Oliver Koppell* Democrat
85th John C. Dearie* Democrat
86th Vincent A. Marchiselli Democrat
87th Bruce F. Caputo* Republican on November 2, 1976, elected to the 95th U.S. Congress
88th Richard C. Ross* Republican
89th Alvin M. Suchin* Republican
90th Gordon W. Burrows* Republican
91st Richard E. Mannix* Republican
92nd Peter M. Sullivan Republican
93rd Mary B. Goodhue Republican
94th Willis H. Stephens* Republican
95th Eugene Levy* Republican
96th Robert J. Connor Democrat
97th Lawrence Herbst* Republican
98th Jean Amatucci Democrat
99th Emeel S. Betros* Republican
100th Benjamin P. Roosa, Jr.* Republican
101st Maurice D. Hinchey Democrat
102nd Clarence D. Lane* Republican
103rd Fred G. Field, Jr.* Republican
104th Thomas W. Brown* Democrat
105th Charles D. Cook* Republican
106th Neil W. Kelleher* Republican
107th Clark C. Wemple* Republican
108th Robert A. D'Andrea Republican
109th Glenn H. Harris* Republican
110th Gerald B. H. Solomon* Republican
111th Andrew W. Ryan, Jr.* Republican
112th K. Daniel Haley* Democrat
113th Peter S. Dokuchitz* Republican
114th Donald L. Taylor* Republican
115th William R. Sears* Republican
116th Nicholas J. Calogero* Republican
117th John R. Zagame Republican
118th Ronald A. Stott Democrat
119th Hyman M. Miller* Republican
120th Melvin N. Zimmer Dem./Cons.
121st Thomas J. Murphy* Republican
122nd Clarence D. Rappleyea, Jr.* Republican
123rd James W. McCabe Democrat
124th James R. Tallon, Jr. Democrat
125th Lloyd Stephen Riford, Jr.* Republican
126th L. Richard Marshall* Republican
127th Charles D. Henderson* Republican
128th Gary A. Lee Republican
129th James F. Hurley* Republican
130th Thomas A. Hanna* Republican
131st Raymond J. Lill* Democrat
132nd Thomas R. Frey* Democrat
133rd Andrew D. Virgilio Democrat
134th Roger J. Robach Democrat
135th Don W. Cook* Republican
136th James L. Emery* Republican
137th R. Stephen Hawley* Republican
138th John B. Daly* Republican
139th Matthew J. Murphy, Jr. Democrat
140th Harold H. Izard Democrat
141st G. James Fremming Democrat
142nd Stephen R. Greco* Democrat
143rd Arthur O. Eve* Democrat
144th William B. Hoyt Democrat
145th Francis J. Griffin* Democrat
146th Dennis T. Gorski Democrat
147th Ronald H. Tills* Republican
148th Vincent J. Graber, Sr. Democrat
149th Daniel B. Walsh Democrat
150th Rolland E. Kidder Democrat

Employees

Notes
  1. Legislative Expert Sees Hurdle to Redistricting in The New York Times on April 3, 1974 (subscription required)
  2. Redistricting Has Usual Result in The New York Times on June 2, 1974 (subscription required)
  3. U.S. ACCEPTS PLAN ON DISTRICTS HERE in The New York Times on July 2, 1974 (subscription required)
  4. Longest Session Since 1911 Is Ended in The New York Times on July 13, 1975 (subscription required)
  5. Legislators Reluctantly Go to Albany For Special Session on Fiscal Crisis in The New York Times on September 5, 1975 (subscription required)
  6. CAREY PLAN TO HELP CITY VOTED BY ASSEMBLY, 80–70 in The New York Times on September 9, 1975 (subscription required)
  7. Indicted Speaker of Assembly Given Ovation by Colleagues in The New York Times on November 14, 1975 (subscription required)
  8. COMPROMISE WON; Minority Caucus Gets Concessions to Back Fiscal Package in The New York Times on November 26, 1975 (subscription required)
  9. ALBANY APPROVES $600 MILLION TAX BY A CLOSE MARGIN in The New York Times on December 21, 1975 (subscription required)
  10. For the Legislature, End Marks Beginning in The New York Times on January 8, 1976 (subscription required)
  11. A 19-Hour Windup Closes '76 New York Legislature in The New York Times on July 1, 1976 (subscription required)
  12. Albany Ready to Approve Court Reorganization Plan in The New York Times on August 5, 1976 (subscription required)
  13. STATE TAKEOVER OF COURT COSTS VOTED IN ALBANY in The New York Times on August 6, 1976 (subscription required)
  14. CAREY RECALLING THE LEGISLATURE in The New York Times on July 30, 1976 (subscription required)
  15. Carey Appoints Santucci as Queens District Attorney in The New York Times on December 31, 1976 (subscription required)
  16. Gazzara Wins Special Vote For State Senate in Queens in The New York Times on March 3, 1976 (subscription required)
  17. DEMOCRATS WIN SPECIAL ELECTIONS in The New York Times on February 11, 1976 (subscription required)
  18. GOP Calls Election Rebuff for Carey in the Watertown Daily Times, of Watertown, on February 6, 1975
  19. Butler Defeats Romandino In Queens Assembly Vote in The New York Times on April 28, 1976 (subscription required)

Sources
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