1764 Cogshall

1764 Cogshall, provisional designation 1953 VM1, is a carbonaceous Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 7 November 1953, by astronomers of the Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory in Indiana, United States.[12] The asteroid was named after Wilbur Cogshall, professor of astronomy at Indiana University.[2]

1764 Cogshall
Discovery [1]
Discovered byIndiana University
(Indiana Asteroid Program)
Discovery siteGoethe Link Obs.
Discovery date7 November 1953
Designations
(1764) Cogshall
Named after
Wilbur A. Cogshall [2]
(professor of astronomy at IU)
1953 VM1 · 1935 MF
1939 CC · 1942 VB
1951 LC · 1952 SM
1953 XJ · 1964 XG
1967 GO · 1969 TN2
main-belt · (outer)
Themis [3][4][5]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc82.02 yr (29,956 days)
Aphelion3.4671 AU
Perihelion2.7193 AU
3.0932 AU
Eccentricity0.1209
5.44 yr (1,987 days)
84.951°
0° 10m 52.32s / day
Inclination2.2355°
152.23°
79.719°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions25.14±0.64 km[6]
26.13 km (derived)[3]
26.21±2.0 km[7]
26.970±0.232 km[8]
29.671±0.179 km[9]
3.624±0.0052 h (R)[10]
3.62417±0.00007 h[11]
3.630±0.0052 h (S)[10]
0.0606±0.0086[9]
0.0712 (derived)[3]
0.0852±0.015[7]
0.094±0.005[6]
0.109±0.010[8]
S/C (generically assumed)[3]
11.20[6][7] · 11.248±0.002 (R)[10] · 11.3[9] · 11.4[1][3]

    Orbit and classification

    Cogshall is a Themistian asteroid that belongs to the Themis family (602),[4][5] a very large family of carbonaceous asteroids, named after 24 Themis.[13]:23 It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.7–3.5 AU once every 5 years and 5 months (1,987 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.12 and an inclination of 2° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    The asteroid was first identified as 1935 MF at Johannesburg Observatory in June 1935. The body's observation arc begins with its identification as 1939 CC at Turku Observatory in February 1939, more than 14 years prior to its official discovery observation at Goethe Link.[12]

    Physical characteristics

    Rotation period

    In May 2005, a rotational lightcurve of Cogshall was obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomer Pierre Antonini. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 3.62417 hours with a brightness variation of 0.21 magnitude (U=3).[11]

    Observations at the Palomar Transient Factory in 2012, gave a concurring period of 3.624 and 3.630 hours with an amplitude of 0.22 and 0.20 magnitude in the R- and S-band, respectively (U=2/2).[10]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Cogshall measures between 25.14 and 29.671 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.0606 and 0.109.[6][7][8][9]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0712 and a diameter of 26.13 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.4.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after American astronomer Wilbur A. Cogshall, who was a professor of astronomy at Indiana University and director of the Kirkwood Observatory for more than four decades (1900–1944). His research included visual binary stars and the photography of solar eclipses. The name was proposed by Frank K. Edmondson, who initiated the Indiana Asteroid Program.[2][14] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 February 1971 (M.P.C. 3143).[15]

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    gollark: People are bad at long termism and long term prediction is also hard.
    gollark: > that could almost negate the need for special space for generating electricity<@617750798960558091> No, industry has massive power use per area and likely not convenient windows everywhere.
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    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1764 Cogshall (1953 VM1)" (2017-07-05 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1764) Cogshall". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1764) Cogshall. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 141. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1765. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1764) Cogshall". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    4. "Asteroid 1764 Cogshall – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 31 October 2019.
    5. "Asteroid 1764 Cogshall – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 31 October 2019.
    6. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    7. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T.
    8. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121.
    9. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    10. Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75.
    11. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1764) Cogshall". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    12. "1764 Cogshall (1953 VM1)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    13. Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families. Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131.
    14. Lauren J. Bryant. "Farseeing and Abiding at IU". Indiana University. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    15. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2009). "Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 221. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4. ISBN 978-3-642-01964-7.

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