1353 Maartje

1353 Maartje, provisional designation 1935 CU, is an Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 37 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 13 February 1935, by Dutch astronomer Hendrik van Gent at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg, South Africa.[16] The asteroid was named after Maartje Mekking, daughter of a staff member at the Dutch Leiden Observatory.[2]

1353 Maartje
Modelled shape of Maartje from its lightcurve
Discovery [1]
Discovered byH. van Gent
Discovery siteJohannesburg Obs.
Discovery date13 February 1935
Designations
(1353) Maartje
Named after
Maartje Mekking [2]
(daughter of Dutch orbit
computer B. G. Mekking)
1935 CU · 1931 ME
1953 TZ2 · A910 LB
A916 QB · A920 JC
main-belt · (outer)
Eos [3][4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc97.48 yr (35,606 days)
Aphelion3.2988 AU
Perihelion2.7210 AU
3.0099 AU
Eccentricity0.0960
5.22 yr (1,907 days)
134.16°
0° 11m 19.32s / day
Inclination9.2032°
211.79°
98.471°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions33.75±3.9 km[5]
34.16 km (derived)[3]
37.16±10.25 km[6]
38.13±0.79 km[7]
39.013±0.534 km[8]
39.55±0.68 km[9]
42.175±0.390 km[10]
12 h[11]
18 h[11]
22.930±0.001 h (best)[12]
22.98±0.05 h[11]
22.9924±0.0002 h[13][lower-alpha 1]
22.9926 h[14]
0.0687±0.0045[10]
0.088±0.004[7]
0.1073±0.030[5]
0.13±0.06[6]
0.136±0.015[9]
0.1660 (derived)[3]
LS [15] · S (assumed)[3]
9.80[9] · 9.9[3] · 10.0[1] · 10.01[6] · 10.01±0.09[15] · 10.40[5][7][10]

    Orbit and classification

    Maartje is a member the Eos family (606),[3][4] the largest asteroid family in the outer main belt consisting of nearly 10,000 known members.[17]:23 It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.7–3.3 AU once every 5 years and 3 months (1,907 days; semi-major axis of 3.01 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.10 and an inclination of 9° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    In June 1910, the asteroid was first identified as A910 LB at the Heidelberg Observatory in Germany, where the body's observation arc begins with its identification as A920 JC in May 1920, almost 15 years prior to its official discovery observation at Johannesburg.[16]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Maartje (Nin) Maria Lindenburg Mekking (1924–2007), daughter of B. G. Mekking (1903–1971), an orbit computer at the Leiden Observatory. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 123).[2]

    Physical characteristics

    Maartje has been characterized as an L- and S-type asteroid by PanSTARRS photometric survey,[15] while the overall spectral type of the Eos family is that of a K-type.[17]:23

    Rotation period and poles
    Lightcurve-based 3D-model of Maartje

    Several rotational lightcurve of Maartje have been obtained from photometric observations since 2005.[11][12] Lightcurve analysis gave a consolidated, slightly longer-than average, and well-defined rotation period of 22.930 hours with a brightness amplitude between 0.25 and 0.46 magnitude (U=3).[3] The asteroid's lightcurve has also been modeled and gave two concurring periods of 22.9924 and 22.9926 hours.[13][14][lower-alpha 1] Modeling in 2018 determined two spin axis of (285.0°, 73.0°) and (119.0°, 41.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).[13]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Maartje measures between 33.75 and 42.175 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.0687 and 0.136.[5][6][7][8][9][10]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.1660 and a diameter of 34.16 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.9.[3]

    Notes
    1. Unpublished study (Hanus 2016d). See summary figures for (1353) Maartje at the LCDB
    gollark: You have 6 months or so ish.
    gollark: Initiate orbital parenthetic lasers.
    gollark: Implement the language, lyricly, or I will* do it for you.
    gollark: Mindbreak IS to occur for osmarks.tk classified project 03843.
    gollark: > <@160279332454006795> all in due time, apioform<@319753218592866315> Due time is now, metaapiocryohazard.

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1353 Maartje (1935 CU)" (2017-11-02 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1353) Maartje". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 110. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1354. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1353) Maartje". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 15 November 2017.
    4. "Asteroid 1353 Maartje – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
    5. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    6. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
    7. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    8. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
    9. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
    10. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    11. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1353) Maartje". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
    12. Garceran, Alfonso Carreno; Aznar, Amadeo; Mansego, Enrique Arce; Rodriguez, Pedro Brines; de Haro, Juan Lozano; Silva, Alvaro Fornas; et al. (January 2016). "Nineteen Asteroids Lightcurves at Asteroids Observers (OBAS) - MPPD: 2015 April - September". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 43 (1): 92–97. Bibcode:2016MPBu...43...92G. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
    13. Hanus, J.; Delbo', M.; Alí-Lagoa, V.; Bolin, B.; Jedicke, R.; Durech, J.; et al. (January 2018). "Spin states of asteroids in the Eos collisional family". Icarus. 299: 84–96. arXiv:1707.05507. Bibcode:2018Icar..299...84H. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2017.07.007.
    14. Hanus, J.; Broz, M.; Durech, J.; Warner, B. D.; Brinsfield, J.; Durkee, R.; et al. (November 2013). "An anisotropic distribution of spin vectors in asteroid families". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 559: 19. arXiv:1309.4296. Bibcode:2013A&A...559A.134H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321993. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
    15. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
    16. "1353 Maartje (1935 CU)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
    17. Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families. Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131.

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