1217 Maximiliana

1217 Maximiliana, provisional designation 1932 EC, is a background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 17 kilometers (11 mi) in diameter. It was discovered on 13 March 1932, by Belgian astronomer Eugène Delporte at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle.[5] The asteroid was named in memory of Max Wolf, a German astronomer and discoverer of asteroids himself, who independently discovered this asteroid.[2]

1217 Maximiliana
Maximiliana (marked "1217") near spiral galaxy NGC 521; imaged by K. and P. J. Heider.
Discovery [1]
Discovered byE. Delporte
Discovery siteUccle Obs.
Discovery date13 March 1932
Designations
(1217) Maximiliana
Named after
Max Wolf [2]
(German astronomer)
1932 EC · 1925 HC
1962 TD
main-belt · (inner)
Erigone [3] · background [4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc92.59 yr (33,818 days)
Aphelion2.7157 AU
Perihelion1.9901 AU
2.3529 AU
Eccentricity0.1542
3.61 yr (1,318 days)
196.36°
0° 16m 23.16s / day
Inclination5.1534°
148.43°
91.464°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
16.81 km (calculated)[3]
3.1987±0.0001 h[lower-alpha 1]
0.057 (assumed)[3]
C (assumed)[3]
12.6[3]
12.7[1]

    Orbit and classification

    Maximiliana is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements.[4] Based on osculating Keplerian orbital elements, the asteroid has also been classified as a member of the Erigone family (406), a large asteroid family named after 163 Erigone.[3]

    It orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 2.0–2.7 AU once every 3 years and 7 months (1,318 days; semi-major axis of 2.35 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.15 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The asteroid was first observed as 1925 HC at Heidelberg in April 1925. The body's observation arc begins in May 1925, also at Heidelberg, and almost 8 years prior to its official discovery observation at Uccle.[5]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named in memory of Max Wolf (1863–1932), who independently discovered this asteroids the night before its official discovery by Delporte. Wolf was a German astronomer, founder and director of the influential Heidelberg Observatory, and a prolific discoverer of minor planets and other astronomical objects himself.[2] The asteroid was named by the discoverer based on a suggestion by Wolf's widow. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 112). Asteroid 827 Wolfiana and the lunar crater Wolf were also named in his honor.[2]

    Physical characteristics

    Maximiliana is an assumed carbonaceous C-type asteroid.[3] For comparison, members of the Erigone family are typically found to be C- and X-type asteroids.[6]:23

    Rotation period

    In March 2015, a rotational lightcurve of Maximiliana was obtained from photometric observations by Petr Pravec at Ondřejov Observatory. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 3.1987 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.21 magnitude (U=3-).[lower-alpha 1]

    Diameter and albedo

    Maximiliana has not been observed by any of the space-based telescopes such as the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, the Akari satellite or the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 16.81 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.6.[3]

    Notes
    1. Pravec (2015) web: lightcurve plot of (1217) Maximiliana with a rotation period of 3.1987±0.0001 hours and a brightness amplitude of 0.21±0.02 mag. Quality Code of 3-. Summary figures at the LCDB and Pravec, P.; Wolf, M.; Sarounova, L. (2015) (2015) (data sheet)
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    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1217 Maximiliana (1932 EC)" (2017-11-24 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1217) Maximiliana". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1217) Maximiliana. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 101. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1218. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1217) Maximiliana". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 12 January 2018.
    4. "Asteroid 1217 Maximiliana – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
    5. "1217 Maximiliana (1932 EC)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
    6. Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families. Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131.

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