1110 Jaroslawa

1110 Jaroslawa (prov. designation: 1928 PD) is a bright background asteroid and rather slow rotator from the inner regions of the asteroid belt. The stony S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 97.4 hours and measures approximately 13 kilometers (8 miles) in diameter. It was discovered at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula on 10 August 1928, by astronomer Soviet Grigory Neujmin,[1] who named it after his son, Jaroslav Grigorevich Neujmin (born 1928).[2]

1110 Jaroslawa
Shape model of Jaroslawa from its lightcurve
Discovery [1]
Discovered byG. Neujmin
Discovery siteSimeiz Obs.
Discovery date10 August 1928
Designations
(1110) Jaroslawa
Named after
Jaroslav Grigorevich Neujmin [2]
(discoverer's son)
1928 PD · 1934 FN
A917 FA
main-belt [1][3] · (inner) [4]
background [5]
Orbital characteristics [3]
Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc89.31 yr (32,620 d)
Aphelion2.7532 AU
Perihelion1.6839 AU
2.2186 AU
Eccentricity0.2410
3.30 yr (1,207 d)
45.750°
0° 17m 53.88s / day
Inclination5.8558°
241.75°
78.600°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
12.15±2.05 km[6]
12.30±2.32 km[7]
12.306±0.101 km[8]
13.397±0.096 km[9]
14.90±0.52 km[10]
15.60 km (calculated)[4]
94.432±0.002 h[11]
97.278±0.005 h[12]
97.4±0.3 h[13]
0.153±0.012[10]
0.1895±0.0164[9]
0.20 (assumed)[4]
0.237±0.034[8]
0.29±0.19[6]
0.33±0.15[7]
SMASS = S [3][4] · L [14]
11.40[3][4][7] · 11.63[6]
11.65±0.22[14]
11.80[9][10]

    Orbit and classification

    Jaroslawa is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.[5] It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.7–2.8 AU once every 3 years and 4 months (1,207 days; semi-major axis of 2.22 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.24 and an inclination of 6° with respect to the ecliptic.[3]

    The asteroid was first observed as A917 FA at Heidelberg Observatory in March 1917. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Simeiz in August 1928.[1]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Jaroslav Grigorevich Neujmin (born 1928), son of the discoverer Grigory Neujmin. The author of the Dictionary of Minor Planet Names leaned about the naming from Ilya Isaakovich Neyachenko and Nikolai Chernykh after whom the asteroids 3845 Neyachenko and 2325 Chernykh were named.[2]

    Physical characteristics

    In the SMASS classification, Jaroslawa is a common, stony S-type asteroid,[3][4] while it has been characterized as an uncommon L-type asteroid by PanSTARRS' photometric survey.[14]

    Rotation period

    In January 2012, a rotational lightcurve of Jaroslawa was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Maurice Clark at Preston Gott Observatory in Lubbock, Texas. Lightcurve analysis gave a long rotation period of 94.432 hours and a high brightness variation of 0.80 magnitude (U=2+).[11] In October 2014, Frederick Pilcher at the Organ Mesa Observatory (G50) in New Mexico, in collaboration with astronomers at Etscorn (719) and Bigmuskie (B88) observatories, obtained a refined period of 97.4 hours with an amplitude of 0.65±0.05 magnitude (U=3-).[13] This result supersedes other measurements by Maurice Clark, Nicolas Esseiva, Raoul Behrend, Laurent Bernasconi, Jean-Gabriel Bosch and Josep Coloma.[15][16] While not being a core slow rotator, with periods above 100 hours, Jaroslawa has a significantly longer period than most minor planets, which typically rotate between 2 and 20 hours once around their axes.

    Spin axis and shape

    In 2016, a modeled lightcurve using photometric data from various sources was published. It gave a concurring period of 97.278 hours, as well as a spin axis of (236.0°, 75.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).[12] All lightcurve observations show a high brightness variation, indicative for an elongated, non-spheroidal shape.

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Jaroslawa measures between 12.15 and 14.90 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.153 and 0.33.[6][7][8][9][10]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for a stony asteroid of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 15.60 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.4.[4]

    gollark: Alternatively, [0-9A-Za].
    gollark: They're all called Bob. Done.
    gollark: But can you prove it?
    gollark: But what if you don't have a calculator and want the factorial of a number between 1 and 7 without the hard work of multiplying 4 by 3 by 2 by 1 and so on?
    gollark: Convenient formula for factorials up to 7: x! = (x - 1) * -1 / 5040 * (x - 2) * (x - 3) * (x - 4) * (x - 5) * (x - 6) * (x - 7) - x * (x - 1) * (x - 2) * (x - 3) * (x - 4) * (x - 5) * (x - 7) + x / 720 * (x - 2) * (x - 3) * (x - 4) * (x - 5) * (x - 6) * (x - 7) + x * -1 / 120 * (x - 1) * (x - 3) * (x - 4) * (x - 5) * (x - 6) * (x - 7) + x / 24 * (x - 1) * (x - 2) * (x - 4) * (x - 5) * (x - 6) * (x - 7) + x * -1 / 6 * (x - 1) * (x - 2) * (x - 3) * (x - 5) * (x - 6) * (x - 7) + x / 2 * (x - 1) * (x - 2) * (x - 3) * (x - 4) * (x - 6) * (x - 7) + x * (x - 1) * (x - 2) * (x - 3) * (x - 4) * (x - 5) * (x - 6).

    References
    1. "1110 Jaroslawa (1928 PD)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1110) Jaroslawa". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 94. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1111. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1110 Jaroslawa (1928 PD)" (2017-12-01 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
    4. "LCDB Data for (1110) Jaroslawa". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 6 March 2018.
    5. "Asteroid 1110 Jaroslawa – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
    6. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
    7. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
    8. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121.
    9. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    10. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    11. Clark, Maurice (January 2013). "Lightcurve Analysis of 1110 Jaroslawa and 13643 Takushi" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 40 (1): 11–12. Bibcode:2013MPBu...40...11C. ISSN 1052-8091.
    12. Hanuš, J.; Ďurech, J.; Oszkiewicz, D. A.; Behrend, R.; Carry, B.; Delbo, M.; et al. (February 2016). "New and updated convex shape models of asteroids based on optical data from a large collaboration network". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 586: A108. arXiv:1510.07422. Bibcode:2016A&A...586A.108H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527441. ISSN 0004-6361.
    13. Pilcher, Frederick; Ferrero, Andrea; Klinglesmith, Daniel A., III; Hanowell, Jesse (April 2015). "Rotation Period Determination for 1110 Jaroslawa" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 42 (2): 90–91. Bibcode:2015MPBu...42...90P. ISSN 1052-8091.
    14. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
    15. Clark, Maurice (March 2007). "Lightcurve Results for 1318 Nerina, 222 Lermontov 3015 Candy, 3089 Oujianquan, 3155 Lee, 6410 Fujiwara, 6500 Kodaira, (8290) 1992 NP, 9566 Rykhlova, (42923) 1999 SR18, and 2001 FY" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 34 (1): 19–22. Bibcode:2007MPBu...34...19C. ISSN 1052-8091.
    16. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1110) Jaroslawa". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
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