1069 Planckia

1069 Planckia, provisional designation 1927 BC, is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 39 kilometers (24 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 28 January 1927, by astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in Germany.[14] The asteroid was named after German physicist Max Planck.[2]

1069 Planckia
Shape model of Planckia from its lightcurve
Discovery [1]
Discovered byM. F. Wolf
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date28 January 1927
Designations
(1069) Planckia
Named after
Max Planck [2]
(German physicist)
1927 BC · 1952 QY
1975 VG8
main-belt · (outer) [3]
background [4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc90.75 yr (33,147 d)
Aphelion3.4721 AU
Perihelion2.7809 AU
3.1265 AU
Eccentricity0.1105
5.53 yr (2,019 days)
76.394°
0° 10m 41.88s / day
Inclination13.563°
142.38°
31.794°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions35.657±0.680 km[5]
39.17±1.40 km[6]
39.35 km (derived)[3]
39.50±2.1 km[7]
43.675±0.859 km[8]
44.34±1.28 km[9]
8.643±0.05 h[10]
8.655±0.001 h[11]
8.66±0.05 h[11]
8.665±0.005 h[12][lower-alpha 1]
10.58±0.05 h[13]
0.1771±0.0206[8]
0.179±0.011[9]
0.1982 (derived)[3]
0.2158±0.025[7]
0.219±0.037[6]
SMASS = S [1][3]
9.30[6][7][8][9] · 9.4[1][3]

    Orbit and classification

    Planckia is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.[4] It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.8–3.5 AU once every 5 years and 6 months (2,019 days; semi-major axis of 3.13 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 14° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg in February 1927, or 10 days after its official discovery observation.[14]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after noted German physicist Max Planck (1858–1947), on the commemoration of his 80th birthday. He was a professor of physics at Berlin University and the founder of quantum mechanics. In 1918, he received the Nobel prize in Physics. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 101). He is also honored by a lunar crater Planck.[2]

    Physical characteristics

    In the SMASS classification, Planckia is a common, stony S-type asteroid.[1][3]

    Rotation period

    Between 2000 and 2010, several rotational lightcurves of Planckia were obtained from photometric observations by Brian Warner, Jérôme Caron and René Roy (U=2/3/3/2/2-).[10][11][12][13] Lightcurve analysis gave a consolidated rotation period of 8.665 hours with a brightness amplitude between 0.14 and 0.42 magnitude.[3][lower-alpha 1]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Planckia measures between 35.657 and 44.34 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.1771 and 0.219.[5][6][7][8][9]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.1982 and a diameter of 39.35 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.4.[3]

    Notes
    1. Lightcurve plot of 1069 Planckia, Palmer Divide Observatory, Brian D. Warner (2010). Summary figures at the LCDB
    gollark: I think the companies do, in fact, know roughly what the majority of people want, and the people who care much about repairability and dislike notches and whatever else are in the minority.
    gollark: Sounds like something which could break easily.
    gollark: Among many other things!
    gollark: I just want actual rectangular screens and no weird camera notches again!
    gollark: I want a huge bezel. I dislike the rounded corners thing.

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1069 Planckia (1927 BC)" (2017-10-29 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1069) Planckia". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 91. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1070. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1069) Planckia". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 7 December 2017.
    4. "Asteroid 1069 Planckia – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
    5. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121.
    6. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
    7. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    8. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    9. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    10. Warner, B. D.; Malcolm, G.; Stephens, R. D. (December 2001). "The Lightcurve of 1069 Planckia Revisited" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 28 (1): 71–72. Bibcode:2001MPBu...28...71W.
    11. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1069) Planckia". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
    12. Warner, Brian D. (July 2010). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory: 2009 December - 2010 March" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 37 (3): 112–118. Bibcode:2010MPBu...37..112W. ISSN 1052-8091.
    13. Warner, B. (September 2001). "Asteroid Photometry at the Palmer Divide Observatory" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 28 (1): 40–41. Bibcode:2001MPBu...28...40W.
    14. "1069 Planckia (1927 BC)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
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