There might be several paths.

Many carriers use ECMP or another multipath/load-balancing technology; usually the same stream (i.e. same source/destination IP, same protocol, same source/dest port numbers) takes the same path, but packets with a different port number may take a different path. (Sometimes the paths might lead to redundant routers in the same location – or to different cities – or even to different carriers. It's not unusual to see e.g. odd IP addresses going through Telia and even addresses going through Cogent.)

Linux traceroute by default uses UDP probes with incrementing port numbers, which means each probe can get assigned a different path if it goes through an ECMP router.

For a start, you could switch traceroute to use either --icmp probes (as Windows does) or --udp with a static port number. These both should be unaffected by ECMP; they won't show all paths but they should at least stick to the same path during the entire trace.

More advanced approaches would be tools such as paris-traceroute or dublin-traceroute, both of which claim to be able to map out all paths somehow.

user1686

Posted 2019-06-12T05:29:09.377

Reputation: 283 655

Thanks for your answer. I did the same you said but I can't find the perfect path . Can you please tell the accurate way to find the path of the traceroute? – Abimamtha – 2019-06-14T06:23:58.050

How do you know there even is a "perfect path"? – user1686 – 2019-06-14T06:24:48.997

perfect path means i want to show a result of each hops address & name – Abimamtha – 2019-06-14T06:25:52.907

But that's what traceroute already shows. – user1686 – 2019-06-14T06:26:56.630

traceroute to ipv4.google.com (216.58.199.142), 30 hops max, 38 byte packets 1 10.10.20.1 (10.10.20.1) 0.947 ms 0.833 ms 0.870 ms 2 abts-tn-dynamic-1.64.65.182-airtelbroadband.in (182.65.64.1) 5.296 ms 5.235 ms 4.962 ms 3 4 5 6
7
8
9
10 108.170.248.209 (108.170.248.209) 32.564 ms bom07s01-in-f14.1e100.net (216.58.199.142) 26.744 ms 108.170.248.193 (108.170.248.193) 33.178 ms

take above example if some hop have 2 or 3 gateways what is mean by that?< – Abimamtha – 2019-06-14T06:32:54.947

It literally means that there are multiple paths! Some traceroute probes took path A and some took path B, and both are equally valid. – user1686 – 2019-06-14T06:44:45.390

okay then if the probs are having different path , how can I ensure and print the path in TR98 paremeters? – Abimamtha – 2019-06-14T07:12:17.517

If traceroute result returns more than one gateway in one hop, what is the path of the destination host?

Answers

take above example if some hop have 2 or 3 gateways what is mean by that?< – Abimamtha – 2019-06-14T06:32:54.947