Spaces and Parenthesis in windows PATH variable screws up batch files

Question

So, my path variable (System->Adv Settings->Env Vars->System->PATH) is set to:

C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages\PyQt4\bin;
%SystemRoot%\system32;
%SystemRoot%;
%SystemRoot%\System32\Wbem;
%SYSTEMROOT%\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;
C:\Python26\;
C:\Python26\Scripts\;
C:\cygwin\bin;
"C:\PathWithSpaces\What_is_this_bullshit";
"C:\PathWithSpaces 1.5\What_is_this_bullshit_1.5";
"C:\PathWithSpaces (2.0)\What_is_this_bullshit_2.0";
"C:\Program Files (x86)\IronPython 2.6";
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Subversion\bin";
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Git\cmd";
"C:\Program Files (x86)\PuTTY";
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Mercurial";
Z:\droid\android-sdk-windows\tools;

Although, obviously, without the newlines.

Notice the lines containing PathWithSpaces - the first has no spaces, the second has a space, and the third has a space followed by a parenthesis.

Now, notice the output of this batch file:

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\bin\>vcvars32.bat
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\bin>"C:\Program Files (x86
)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\Common7\Tools\vsvars32.bat"
Setting environment for using Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 x86 tools.
\What_is_this_bullshit_2.0";"C:\Program was unexpected at this time.
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\bin>      set "PATH=C:\Pro
gram Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v6.0A\bin;C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages\PyQt4\
bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\
WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Python26\;C:\Python26\Scripts\;C:\cygwin\bin;"C:\Path
WithSpaces\What_is_this_bullshit";"C:\PathWithSpaces 1.5\What_is_this_bullshit_1
.5";"C:\PathWithSpaces (2.0)\What_is_this_bullshit_2.0";"C:\Program Files (x86)\
IronPython 2.6";"C:\Program Files (x86)\Subversion\bin";"C:\Program Files (x86)\
Git\cmd";"C:\Program Files (x86)\PuTTY";"C:\Program Files (x86)\Mercurial";Z:\dr
oid\android-sdk-windows\tools;"

or specifically the line:

\What_is_this_bullshit_2.0";"C:\Program was unexpected at this time.

So, what is this bullshit?

Specifically:

• Directory in path that is properly escaped with quotes, but with no spaces = fine
• Directory in path that is properly escaped with quotes, and has spaces but no parenthesis = fine
• Directory in path that is properly escaped with quotes, and has spaces and has a parenthesis = ERROR

Whats going on here? How can I fix this? I'll probably resort to a junction point to let my tools still work as workaround, but if you have any insight into this, please let me know :)

Answer 1

This can happen if there are unescaped parentheses in a line inside a "block" (which also uses parentheses for delimiting).

You can usually fix it by turning on delayed expansion and use variables with !var! instead of %var%. There isn't much more advice I could give without seeing the code.

Answer 2

Note for Windows users on 64-bit systems

Progra~1 = 'Program Files' Progra~2 = 'Program Files(x86)'

https://confluence.atlassian.com/display/DOC/Setting+the+JAVA_HOME+Variable+in+Windows

Answer 3

There should either (a) not be any quotes in the MS-Windows PATH environmental variable (PATH command) or (b) there should be quotes surrounding the entire expression following the (SET command). Unfortunately, this is not very well documented by MS, although they do state that if quotes are used, they will be included in the value of the variable (Windows XP Command Line Reference).

$ SET BLAH="blah blah(1)"
$ ECHO %BLAH%
"blah blah(1)"
$ SET BLAH=blah blah(1)
$ ECHO %BLAH%
blah blah(1)

This can cause problems that are inconsistent and therefore difficult to diagnose. For example if your path includes "C:\Python27", your machine will say "'python' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file." when you try to execute python. However some libraries may still be available.

You do not need to "escape" spaces or parentheses. If you need to escape special characters, then put quotes around the entire expression, including the variable name.

SET "PATH=%PATH%;C:\Program Files (x86)\path with special characters"

or you can use parentheses too.

(SET VAR=can't contain ampersand, parentheses, pipe, gt or lt)

Note, double quotes must come in pairs.

(SET VAR=illegal characters!@#$%^*_-+={}[]\:;""',./?)
echo %VAR%
illegal characters!@#$%*_-+={}[]\:;""',./?

However, there probably are not any characters that are valid pathnames, that would cause a problem with the SET command.

Answer 4

Microsoft documents the problem in "Error running command shell scripts that include parentheses".

The solution they suggest is to use delayed expansion.

SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
SET VAR=string containing ( and ) ...
IF "y" == "y" (
    ECHO !VAR! %VAR%
)
ENDLOCAL

For setting a path in an if block, rather than using SET PATH=, you should probably use the PATH command.

SET AddToPath=C:\Program Files (x86)\Whatever

SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
IF "%X%" == "%Y%" (
    ECHO Adding !AddToPath! to path !PATH!
    PATH !AddToPath!;!PATH!
)

For other variables, another solution may be to use quotes, but around the whole thing:

SET "MyVar=C:\Program Files (x86)\Whatever"

Answer 5

Joey in his answer says

This can happen if there are unescaped parentheses in a line inside a "block" (which also uses parentheses for delimiting).

and that's true. If there are unescaped parentheses one should, well escape them. That's what I did; I replaced

set PATH=some_path;%PATH%

with

set PATH="some_path;%PATH%"

and this solved the problem.

Answer 6

I've experienced something similar. Microsoft explains the issue here: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/329308

Basically, instead of changing the Path variable via System->Adv Settings->Env Vars->System->PATH, try

My Computer->Manage->Computer Management (local)-> Properties-> Advanced-> Environment variables-> Settings

Answer 7

In Windows 8 I've found very little success with any of these methods. Parentheses do not work, quotes work, but the "path" you modify this way isn't the path that gets used for locating executables, instead cmd still seems to be using the system path it inherited when you opened the window.

example: after determining the processor architecture, I want to add a couple of paths to the PATH environment variable. Actually, even just adding them temporarily would work since I only need them while a batch file is running. But that doesn't even work.

echo %path% displays the system PATH at the time the cmd was launched.

set path="%path%;%programfiles(x86)%\company\program\subdir" works but now %path% contains everything surrounded by quotes, and if I try to run a program in subdir from somewhere else, it fails. Using parentheses around the whole thing instead of quotes does not work.

Another thing I've noticed is that the same command will work if entered interactively in cmd, but not if encountered in a batch file. That's frightening. Yet another oddity is the intermittent loss of the last character of an environment variable's value! Another inconsistency is with third party programs: some can handle a %var% as a parameter, others don't.

Answer 8

I had huge trouble making the following work in Win8 till I added double-quotes arround the value I was setting to fromFile variable. With out that, when fromFile contained a filename with parentheses, the next line that was trying to do string substitution to generate the toFile variable was failing. Note that I do use delayed expansion there to evaluate the variable at execution time instead of at parsing time (of the respective CALL instance)

::-- BATCH file that creates an *_576_5.* file from an *_640_t.* one (copying it)
::-- Author: George Birbilis (http://zoomicon.com)
::-- Credits: String replacement based on http://www.dostips.com/DtTipsStringManipulation.php

@ECHO OFF

::-- Loop for all files recursively --::

FOR /R %%f in (*_640_t.*) DO CALL :process %%f

ECHO(
PAUSE

GOTO :EOF

::-- Per-file actions --::

:process

:: Display progress...
::ECHO Processing %*
<nul (set/p dummy=.)

SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
SET fromFile="%*"
SET toFile=!fromFile:_640_t=_576_t!

IF NOT EXIST %toFile% CALL :generate %fromFile% %toFile%

GOTO :EOF

::-- Generate missing file --::

:generate

ECHO(
ECHO COPY %*
COPY %*

::PAUSE

GOTO :EOF