I finally made it to set up my mail-server with exchange.
Receiving e-mails works perfectly, sending e-mails works not always:
When sending an e-mail to GMX, the e-mail doesn't get delivered. After a while I get following response (I guess from my own mail-server):
Die Zustellung an folgende Empfänger oder Gruppen verzögert sich: Vorname Nachname (vorname-nachname@gmx.de) Betreff: Re: Test Diese Nachricht wurde noch nicht zugestellt. Es wird weiterhin versucht, die Nachricht zuzustellen. Der Server wird noch 1 Tage, 19 Stunden und 50 Minuten versuchen, die Nachricht zuzustellen. Sie erhalten eine Benachrichtigung, falls die Nachricht bis dahin nicht übermittelt werden konnte.
means something like
the delivery to following recipients or groups is delayed: [...] This message wasn't delivered yet. It is still trying to deliver the message. The server will try to deliver the message for another 1 day, 19 hours and 50 minutes. You will receive a notification if the message could not be delivered by then.
Yesterday I tried to send a mail to some microsoft-mail (hotmail.com, outlook.com,...) I instantly got the message that I can't send mails to them. Today it worked (but I found the mail then in my spam-folder).
Mails to gmail aren't delivered and I don't get any error-mail.
Any idea what the problem could be? I didn't add a certificate for now to my exchange, could this be the problem?