I am implementing Google's reCaptcha in my app. According to the documentation, my API request must include my secret key and the response, and optionally the user's remote ip.
For what reasons would I include the remote ip?
I am implementing Google's reCaptcha in my app. According to the documentation, my API request must include my secret key and the response, and optionally the user's remote ip.
For what reasons would I include the remote ip?
Because there could be a DNS/hosts reroute in place to allow the captcha to be parsed differently by a malicious user
One possible scenario is farming cheap labour to manually solve captchas and then submit them back with the form. Since the recaptcha only will serve the image once this is the lazy way to farm this out. ( redirect the requested image to elsewhere ).
If the IP address which requests the image is different to the IP address that requests the page then this would indicate this style of attack.
When I compare my "scores" with different scenario, I see this:
I'm not sure if this test will always give the same results, but that's the results I got today by testing it several times.
So, providing the ip helps get a better score, it's a double-check from client-side and server-side that can help detecting bad activity.
In some cases the past Google has refused requests without the remote ip. Later, they would take any string including a blank string. Now it seems optional. I imagine they are asking for the i.p to help with security both for your purposes, and to help prevent abuse of the API. The current docs mark it as optional, so feel free to omit it if you'd like.
https://developers.google.com/recaptcha/docs/verify
Here is a Google Groups post from 2010, where Recaptcha support implies that the remoteip may someday become mandatory:
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/recaptcha/Q83LJKz4biA
Doesn't seem like it has happened. but it looks like they were considering making it mandatory at one time, and didn't go through with it. That's pure speculation on my part.
There is another reason - a lot of internal networks use recaptcha too - like on WiFi hotspots, and things like that.
In these circumstances, Google sees both the user and server's IP as the same, since they share the same connection. Giving Google the user's local IP allows the risk-assesment machine to do a better job of tracking individuals who are bruteforcing the picture-selection, which otherwise would blacklist ALL users.
< tinfoil> Also Google wants your data but can't always justify why < /tinfoil>
IP addresses can be allocated to countries. If someone from say Africa tries to enter a form in Canada on a website dedicated to supplying products in Canada, google might flag this as an anomaly to reduce the score.
Sorry I was referring to Google reCaptcha v3 which states
"reCAPTCHA uses an advanced risk analysis engine and adaptive challenges to keep malicious software from engaging in abusive activities on your website"
https://www.google.com/recaptcha/about/
V3 doesn't display anything, it sends a score which determines how legitimate the contact form response is.