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According to this older post: https://security.stackexchange.com/a/174968/271114 Intel processors are stateless.

Nowadays a "CPU" is often a SOC integrating neural engines, GPUs, coprocessors, secure enclaves and more.

Other architectures like ARM64, RISC-V and POWER9 are also more common. Do they (or maybe others) keep state? Could malware hide in a modern SOC?

halp
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  • most CPU's also come with some sort of memory or cache... so there's definitely "state" or "states"... not to mention RAM. Maybe clarify the question a bit? Firmware could contain malware... RAM can contain malware for a certain period of time (or be vulnerable to stack overflow)... caches? Probably them too? – pcalkins Dec 08 '21 at 19:35
  • I am not an expert for CPU internals but considering the branch prediction function block which is crucial for fast CPUs I would assume that for enhancing the prediction probability it should consider some sort of state. This start may not be usable for malware but at least it is a state. – Robert Dec 08 '21 at 21:53

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