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On one hand "Security Operations Centre", but SOC is seemingly used in the reporting and certification domain, where does this come from? Is there another (or more) definitions of SOC in Information Security Compliance Certification, or do these terms just reference it as a way to describe practices needed to be in place in a given IT division? The question comes from trying to determine what SOC "Level" Report I should request from a third party vendor to my organization.

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There are at least two meanings of the acronym SOC, completely unrelated:

  • Security Operations Center
  • System and Organization Controls

Whenever you see "SOC <Number>", like SOC 1 or SOC 2, that means System and Organization Controls which are a complex and well defined set of audit requirements. The different SOC levels are defined by the AICPA as a standard for audits.

In general, when performing due diligence on a third party vendor, a SOC 2 report is asked for:

A SOC 2 audit examines and reports on a service organization’s internal controls relevant to the security, availability, processing integrity, confidentiality and/or privacy of customer data.

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