1.8 saw the replacement of nearly the entire trading system, changing many trades, introducing careers, and changing how trades were unlocked. Due to this, from 12w32a (a 1.4 snapshot) to 1.7.10, many trades were available that are not possible in later versions. There are many possibilities of trades due to both randomized item counts and randomized trade ordering. For trades before 12w32a, see Pre-1.4 Trades.
Mechanics
As villagers worked quite differently in these versions, their trade mechanics can be somewhat unintuitive and confusing. This section serves as a brief overview for unfamiliar players.
Villagers will attempt to generate a new trade in two ways. The first is upon initial spawning, and the second is when the villager restocks. When the villager restocks, the following occurs:
All currently locked trades will have 2 to 12 maxUses added, restocking them.
Each possible trade has a weighted chance based on the amount of trades the villager has to be added to a list. This weighting causes rarer trades to be more likely with more trades generated and vice versa.[notes 1]
After each possible trade has been iterated through, the game will check if the list is empty. If it is, it will insert a gold buy trade for 8-9 gold ingots for 1 emerald.
A random trade is selected from the list.
The villager's current trade list will be searched for a trade that has the following properties:
The first buy slot items have the same ID.
If the second buy slot is empty, the count of the first buy slot of the new trade is less than the found trade.
If the second buy slot is not empty, the IDs of the second buy slot items match and the count of the second buy slot of the new trade is less than the found trade.
If a matching trade is found, the new trade replaces it. Otherwise, the new trade is added to the end of the trade list.
Whenever the player makes a trade with a villager, the following occurs:
The trade's uses value is increased by one.
If the trade is the last trade in the villager's list, the villager queues a trade generation in 40 ticks.
If the trade's uses is equal to its maxUses, it will be locked.
When the player leaves the trading GUI, the trade generation counter will begin to count down. When it reaches 0, a trade generation will occur. Villagers do not allow infinite trading anymore, as trade locking has been introduced to replace the 1.3 trade removal mechanic.
Additionally, a bug with how villager data was serialized to NBT allowed for any trade generation that was queued to be forgotten. If the villager is unloaded and saved to disk before the trade generation counter reaches 0, the villager will not process the trade generation. This will result in the villager not gaining any trades or restocking, which can potentially softlock the villager by locking the last trade.
Possible Trades
These are all of the trades from the five professions. The 1.8 - 1.13 and 1.14 - 25w42a (present) status reveals if the specific trade was possible during that span of villager trades.
Legend
Availability
Meaning
Unavailable
The items of the trade are not obtainable
Quantities Unavailable
The items of the trade are available but only in different counts than the trades available pre-1.8
Certain Quantities
The items of the trade are available and some of the quantities are available but other quantities are not
Available
The trade, including its quantities, are fully obtainable
Other
Special cases, check reference for more information
Professions
When updating farmers to 1.8 and beyond, they have a random chance of being assigned to either a farmer, fisherman, fletcher, or shepherd when a trade generation is performed. When updated to 1.14 and beyond without a trade generation being performed, they will always be farmers.
↑ 1.01.11.21.3Only available on the farmer career.
↑The only quantity available in 1.14 - 25w42a (present) is 20 wheat for 1 emerald.
↑ 3.03.1Damage values are ignored when trading in versions before 14w02a (a 1.8 snapshot), meaning all colors of wool and cooked salmon are accepted.
↑The quantities available in 1.8 - 1.13 are 16-21 wool for 1 emerald. Only available on the shepherd career.
↑The only quantity available in 1.14 - 25w42a (present) is 18 wool for 1 emerald. Only available on the shepherd career.
↑ 6.06.1This trade is available, but only under the butcher career, which farmers cannot become.
↑ 7.07.1Certain quantities of this trade are available, but only under the butcher career, which farmers cannot become.
↑The only quantity available from 1.8 to 16w32b (a 1.11 snapshot) was 1 emerald for 5 apples. The quantities available from 16w33a to 1.13 are 1 emerald for 5-7 apples. Both only available on the farmer career.
↑The only quantity available from 1.8 to 16w32b (a 1.11 snapshot) was 1 emerald for 6 cookies. The quantities available from 16w33a to 1.13 are 1 emerald for 6-10 cookies. Both only available on the farmer career.
↑The gravel trade was added in 12w22a (a 1.3 snapshot) with the introduction of the second buy slot.
When updating librarians to 1.8 and beyond, they normally can only become librarians upon trade generation, as no variant careers originally existed. However, when cartographers were added in 16w39a (a 1.11 snapshot), pre-1.8 villagers gained the ability to also become cartographers when a trade generation was performed. When updated to 1.14 and beyond without a trade generation being performed, they will always be librarians.
↑A random enchantment and a random level between 1 and the maximum legitimate level is chosen.
↑The second buy slot count in 1.8 - 1.13 is 5-64. Only available on the librarian career.
↑Enchanted books are available from librarians in 1.14 - 25w42a (present), but the first and second buy slots are reversed.
When updating priests to 1.8 and beyond, they will always be clerics upon trade generation. When updated to 1.14 and beyond, they will always become clerics.
↑The quantity available in 1.14 - 25w42a (present) is 1 emerald for 2 redstone.
↑ 3.03.13.23.33.43.53.63.7Enchantment trades were added in 12w22a (a 1.3 snapshot) with the introduction of the second buy slot. Damage values and NBT data are ignored when trading in versions before 14w02a (a 1.8 snapshot), meaning damaged and enchanted items are accepted.
When updating blacksmiths to 1.8 and beyond, they have a random chance of being assigned to either an armorer, toolsmith, or weaponsmith when a trade generation is performed. When updated to 1.14 and beyond without a trade generation being performed, they will always be armorers.
↑The only quantity available in 1.14 - 25w42a (present) is 5 emeralds for 1 iron helmet.
↑The only quantity available in 1.14 - 25w42a (present) is 4 emeralds for 1 pair of iron boots.
When updating butchers to 1.8 and beyond, they have a random chance of being assigned to either a butcher or a leatherworker when a trade generation is performed. When updated directly to 1.14 and beyond without a trade generation being performed, they will always be butchers.
↑ 3.03.13.2Only available on the leatherworker career.
↑The quantity available in 1.14 - 25w42a (present) is 6 emeralds for 1 saddle.
↑ 5.05.15.25.3This trade is available in 1.14 - 25w42a (present), however the armor will always be dyed. The color will be the combination of 2 random dye colors, which can be the same.
↑This trade was available in 1.8 - 1.13, however it is only available enchanted.
Retaining
When updating older villagers to newer versions, certain precautions must be taken to preserve their trades. Villagers may mostly be safely be updated from 1.4 to 1.13 without any loss of trades, barring any other miscellaneous entity upgrade issues. Loading villagers from 13w36a to 13w39b (1.7 snapshots) will cause second buy slot removal. When loaded in any version from 19w11a (a 1.14 snapshot) to 1.14 Pre-Release 3, you must trade at least once, as upon updating to 1.14 Pre-Release 4 or newer, villagers that have 0 experience and that do not have a workstation will revert to unemployed villagers, losing their trades. If a villager is directly updated from before 1.14 Pre-Release 4 to 1.14.1 Pre-Release 1 or newer, this step may be skipped if the villager has at least 4 trades or a 1.8 - 1.13 career level above 1.
As a result of the addition of careers in 1.8, pre-1.8 villagers will default to a career ID of 0. From 1.8 to 1.13, they will maintain this until they restock, where they will be assigned a random career.
Upon updating to 19w11a and above, if the villager still has a career ID of 0, they will always have a specific career assigned, as noted in the possible trades section of this page. Additionally, all trades will gain the priceMultiplier:0.0f tag, which is unique to pre-1.14 trades. This means that no discount will ever be applied to these trades.
The enchantment trades on a priest and a trade on the librarian can be used to overstack the items it enchants. This method works from 19w13b (1.14 snapshot) to 1.14.1. The items that can be overstacked by the priest are iron swords, iron axes, iron pickaxes, iron chestplates, diamond swords, diamond axes, diamond pickaxes, and diamond chestplates. The librarian can overstack written books.
Due to a glitch,[1] trades are counted as crafting that item. Because of this, after 17w47a (1.13 snapshot)[test], the villager can be used to get crafting statistics for uncraftable items. The apple, bottle o' enchanting, chainmail helmet, chainmail chestplate, chainmail leggings, chainmail boots, enchanted book, flint, and saddle sell trades all give discontinued statistics.
↑The weighted chance of a trade (a value between 0.0 and 1.0 inclusive, with 0.0 being 0% and 1.0 being 100%) being added to the list is calculated as follows: first, the square root of the size of the trade list multiplied by 0.2, and then added to the hardcoded weight. If this value v is more than 0.9, 0.9 - (v - 0.9) is returned. Otherwise, v is returned.
Gold Ingot
Emerald
Wheat
Wool[Farmer 3]
Raw Chicken
Cooked Cod[Farmer 3]
Bread
Melon
Apple
Cookie
Shears
Flint and Steel
Cooked Chicken
Arrow
Gravel[Farmer 10]
Flint
Paper
Book
Written Book
Bookshelf
Glass
Compass
Clock
Enchanted Book
Eye of Ender
Redstone
Glowstone
Iron Sword
Enchanted Iron Sword
Iron Pickaxe
Enchanted Iron Pickaxe
Iron Axe
Enchanted Iron Axe
Iron Chestplate
Enchanted Iron Chestplate
Diamond Sword
Enchanted Diamond Sword
Diamond Pickaxe
Enchanted Diamond Pickaxe
Diamond Axe
Enchanted Diamond Axe
Diamond Chestplate
Enchanted Diamond Chestplate
Coal
Iron Ingot
Diamond
Iron Shovel
Iron Hoe
Diamond Shovel
Diamond Hoe
Iron Helmet
Iron Leggings
Iron Boots
Diamond Helmet
Diamond Leggings
Diamond Boots
Chainmail Helmet
Chainmail Chestplate
Chainmail Leggings
Chainmail Boots
Raw Porkchop
Raw Beef
Saddle
Leather Cap
Leather Tunic
Leather Leggings
Leather Boots
Cooked Porkchop
Steak