String to Binary

Question

This is a code golf challenge. Just like the title says, write a program to covert a string of ascii characters into binary.

For example:

"Hello World!" should turn into 1001000 1100101 1101100 1101100 1101111 100000 1010111 1101111 1110010 1101100 1100100 100001.

Note: I am particularly interested in a pyth implementation.

Answer 1

CJam, 8 bytes

l:i2fbS*

Easy-peasy:

l:i           "Read the input line and convert each character to its ASCII value";
   2fb        "Put 2 on stack and use that to convert each ASCII value to base 2";
      S*      "Join the binary numbers by space";

Try it here

Answer 2

Python 3, 41 bytes

print(*[bin(ord(x))[2:]for x in input()])

Like KSFT's answer, but I thought I'd point out that, in addition to raw_input -> input, Python 3 also has an advantage here due to the splat for print.

Answer 3

Pyth, 10 bytes

jdmjkjCd2z

Python mapping and explanation:

j           # join(                               "Join by space"
 d          #      d,                             "this space"
 m          #      Pmap(lambda d:                 "Map characters of input string"
  j         #                    join(            "Join by empty string"
   k        #                        k,           "this empty string"
    j       #                        join(        "This is not a join, but a base conversion"
     C      #                             Pchr(   "Convert the character to ASCII"
      d     #                                  d  "this character"
            #                                 ),
     2      #                             2       "Convert to base 2"
            #                            )
            #                        ),
  z         #           z)))                      "mapping over the input string"

Input is the string that needs to be converted without the quotes.

Try it here

Answer 4

Python 3 - 43 bytes

---

print(*map("{:b}".format,input().encode()))

No quite the shortest, but an interesting approach IMO. It has the added advantage that if the number of significant bits varies, E.G. Hi!, padding with zeros is trivial (2 more bytes, as opposed to 9 for .zfill(8)):

print(*map("{:08b}".format,input().encode()))

Answer 5

PowerShell, 63 59 46 bytes

-13 bytes thanks to @mazzy

"$($args|% t*y|%{[Convert]::ToString(+$_,2)})"

Try it online!

Answer 6

Python - 52

print" ".join([bin(ord(i))[2:]for i in raw_input()])

I'll work on translating this into Pyth. Someone else did a Pyth answer already.

If you don't care about it being a full program or about I/O format and use Python 3, you can do it in 23 bytes like this:

[bin(ord(i))for i in x]

x is the input.

I know this doesn't count because the interpreter wasn't released before the challenge was posted, but here it is in KSFTgolf:

oan

Answer 7

Ruby, 34 28 24 bytes

$<.bytes{|c|$><<"%b "%c}

Takes input via STDIN. 6 bytes saved thanks for AShelly and another 4 thanks to britishtea.

Answer 8

8088 machine code, IBM PC DOS, 33 31 bytes*

Listing:

D1 EE           SHR  SI, 1          ; point SI to DOS PSP (80H)
AD              LODSW               ; load input string length into AL, SI to 82H 
8A C8           MOV  CL, AL         ; set up loop counter 
49              DEC  CX             ; remove leading space/slash from char count 
            LOOP_CHAR: 
B3 08           MOV  BL, 8          ; loop 8 bits 
AC              LODSB               ; load next char 
            LOOP_BIT: 
D0 C0           ROL  AL, 1          ; high-order bit into low-order bit 
B4 0E           MOV  AH, 0EH        ; BIOS display character function 
50              PUSH AX             ; save AH/AL 
24 01           AND  AL, 1          ; mask all but low-order bit 
04 30           ADD  AL, '0'        ; convert to ASCII 
CD 10           INT  10H            ; write char to display 
58              POP  AX             ; restore AH/AL 
4B              DEC  BX             ; decrement bit counter 
75 F1           JNZ  LOOP_BIT       ; loop next bit      
B0 20           MOV  AL, ' '        ; display a space 
CD 10           INT  10H            ; write space to display 
E2 E8           LOOP LOOP_CHAR      ; loop next char 
C3              RET                 ; return to DOS 

Complete PC DOS executable COM file, input is via command line.

With leading zeros:

Download and test ASCBIN.COM.

Or 39 bytes without leading zeros:

Download and test ASCBIN2.COM.

*Since it wasn't explicitly clear to me whether or not leading zeros are allowed, am posting versions both ways.

Answer 9

MITS Altair 8800, 0 bytes

Input string is at memory address #0000H (allowed). Output in binary via front panel I/O lights D7-D0.

Example, do RESET, then EXAMINE to see the first byte, followed by repeating EXAMINE NEXT to see the rest.

"H" = 01 001 000:

"e" = 01 100 101:

"l" = 01 101 100:

Try it online!

Non-competing, of course. :)

Answer 10

JavaScript ES6, 63 65 bytes

alert([for(c of prompt())c.charCodeAt().toString(2)].join(' '))

This is rather long, thanks to JavaScript's long function names. The Stack Snippet below is the rough ES5 equivalent, so it can be run in any browser. Thanks to edc65 for the golfing improvements.

alert(prompt().split('').map(function(e){return e.charCodeAt().toString(2)}).join(' '))

Answer 11

Matlab

This is an anonymous function

f=@(x) dec2bin(char(x))

usage is f('Hello World').

Alternatively, if x is defined as the string Hello World! in the workspace, then just dec2bin(char(x)) will work.

Answer 12

J - 9

1":#:3&u:

No idea how to make this in a row without doubling the length of the code, I need J gurus to tell me :)

1":#:3&u:'Hello world!'
1001000
1100101
1101100
1101100
1101111
0100000
1110111
1101111
1110010
1101100
1100100
0100001

Answer 13

Java - 148 Bytes

public class sToB{public static void main(String[] a){for(int i=0;i<a[0].length();i++){System.out.print(Integer.toString(a[0].charAt(i) ,2)+" ");}}}

Edited to include full file

Answer 14

Scala - 59 - 55 Bytes

readLine().map(x=>print(x.toByte.toInt.toBinaryString))

Normally, one should use foreach and not map.

Answer 15

Tcl, 52 bytes

proc B s {binary s $s B* b;regsub -all .{8} $b {& }}

Try it online!

Answer 16

Jelly, 3 bytes

OBK

Try it online!

Answer 17

APL (Dyalog), 12 bytes

10⊥2⊥⍣¯1⎕UCS

Try it online!

Thanks to Adám for help with this solution.

Answer 18

Python 3.6, 39 bytes

print(*[f'{ord(c):b}'for c in input()])

Try it online!

Answer 19

JavaScript ES6, 71 bytes

alert(prompt().split('').map(c=>c.charCodeAt(0).toString(2))).join(' ')

Answer 20

Commodore VIC-20/C64/128 and TheC64Mini, 101 tokenized BASIC bytes

Here is the obfuscated listing using Commodore BASIC keyword abbreviations:

 0dEfnb(x)=sG(xaNb):inputa$:fOi=1tolen(a$):b=64:c$=mI(a$,i,1):fOj=0to6
 1?rI(str$(fnb(aS(c$))),1);:b=b/2:nEj:?" ";:nE

Here for explanation purposes is the non-obfuscated symbolic listing:

 0 def fn b(x)=sgn(x and b)
 1 input a$
 2 for i=1 to len(a$)
 3 let b=64
 4 let c$=mid$(a$,i,1)
 5 for j=0 to 6
 6 print right$(str$(fn b(asc(c$))),1);
 7 let b=b/2
 8 next j
 9 print " ";
10 next i

The function fn b declared on line zero accepts a numeric parameter of x which is ANDed with the value of b; SGN is then used to convert x and b to 1 or 0.

Line one accept a string input to the variable a$, and the loop starts (denoted with i) to the length of that input. b represents each bit from the 6th to 0th bit. c$ takes each character of the string at position i.

line 5 starts the loop to test each bit position; right$ is used in line 6 to remove a auto-formatting issue when Commodore BASIC displays a number, converting the output of fn b to a string; asc(c$) converts the current character to its ascii code as a decimal value.

Line 7 represents the next bit value. The loop j is ended before printing a space, then the last loop i is ended.

Answer 21

Forth (gforth), 45 bytes

: f 0 do dup i + c@ 2 base ! . decimal loop ;

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Code Explanation

: f           \ start a new word definition
  0 do        \ start a loop from 0 to string length - 1
    dup i +   \ duplicate the address and add the loop index to get addr of current character
    c@        \ get the character at that address
    2 base !  \ set the base to binary
    .         \ print the ascii value (in binary)
    decimal   \ set the base back to decimal
  loop        \ end the loop
;             \ end the word definition

Answer 22

Ruby, 24 bytes

I was hoping to beat Martin Ender, but I only managed to tie him.

Takes input on STDIN; +1 bytes for -p flag.

gsub(/./){"%b "%$&.ord}

Try it online!

Answer 23

Gaia, 4 bytes

ċb¦ṡ

Pretty happy with this

How it works

ċ   Get a list of all the code points in the input string
b¦  Convert every number in that list to binary
ṡ   Joins the element of the list with spaces
Implicit Output 

Try it Online!

Answer 24

Python 3, 39 bytes

print(*[f'{ord(i):b}'for i in input()])

Try it online!

Slight improvement over the current leading Python answer

Answer 25

Shakti, 8 3 bytes

In 2020.02.19:

10/2\`c?

Example:

 10/2\`c?"Hello World!"
1001000 1100101 1101100 1101100 1101111 100000 1010111 1101111 1110010 1101100 1100100 100001

Update: 3 bytes in 2020.02.23, via Arthur: 2\'

Answer 26

C++ - 119 bytes

Freeing memory? What's that?

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstdlib>
int main(int c,char**v){for(*v=new char[9];c=*(v[1]++);printf("%s ",itoa(c,*v,2)));}

(MSVC compiles the code with warning)

Answer 27

Haskell, 65

m s=tail$do c<-s;' ':do j<-[6,5..0];show$mod(fromEnum c`div`2^j)2

heavy use of the list monad. it couldn't be converted to list comprehentions because the last statements weren't a return.

Answer 28

Julia, 23 bytes

f(n)=[bin(a)for a in n]

Answer 29

q/kdb+, 18 bytes

Solution:

" "sv"01"0b vs'4h$

Example:

q)" "sv"01"0b vs'4h$"Hello World!"
"01001000 01100101 01101100 01101100 01101111 00100000 01010111 01101111 01110010 01101100 01100100 00100001"

Explanation:

Convert string to byte array, convert each byte to binary, index into the string "01" and then join strings together with whitespace " ":

" "sv"01"0b vs'4h$ / the solution
               4h$ / cast ($) to type byte (4h)
         0b vs'    / convert each (') byte to binary (0b vs)
     "01"          / (implicit) index into "01" (false;true)
" "sv              / join (sv) with " "

Answer 30

Shell utils, 102 bytes

I'm kind of ashamed of this.

xxd -b|sed -r "s/^.*: //;s/  .+$//;s/0*([01]+)/\1/g"|tr \n\r " "|sed -r "s/ +/ /g;s/ *1101 *1010 *$//"

Since I'm (possibly) running utilities from various archives across the Internet on Windows, I'll list the version information for each:

xxd V1.10 27oct98 by Juergen Weigert
GNU sed version 4.2.1
tr (GNU textutils) 2.0
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.15063]

Answer 31

PHP, 59 bytes

<?foreach(str_split($argv[1])as$a)echo decbin(ord($a)).' ';

Try it online!

Answer 32

Deorst, 8 bytes

vombkE]_

Try it online!

How it works

Example input: ab

vo       - Map ordinal;      STACK = [[97, 98]]
  mb     - Map binary;       STACK = [['1100001', '1100010']]
    k    - Turn off sort;    STACK = [['1100001', '1100010']]
     E]  - Flatten;          STACK = ['110001', '1100010']
       _ - Join with spaces; STACK = ['110001 1100010']

Answer 33

Java 8, 112 bytes

Takes input as a command line argument

interface M{static void main(String[]a){a[0].chars().forEach(i->System.out.print(Long.toBinaryString(i)+" "));}}

Try it online!

Answer 34

Japt -S, 4 bytes

¬®c¤

Try it

¬®c¤     :Implicit input input of string U
¬        :Split
 ®       :Map
  c      :  Character code
   ¤     :  To binary string
         :Implicitly join with spaces and output

Or, if we can take input as an array of characters ...

Japt -mS, 2 bytes

c¤

Try it

Answer 35

><>, 34 bytes

i\~48*o
?\:0(?;:2%:}-2,:0=
?\{nl1=

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Answer 36

05AB1E, 4 bytes

Çbðý

Try it online.

Explanation:

Ç     # Convert the (implicit) input-string to a list of unicode values
 b    # Convert each integer to a binary string
  ðý  # Join by spaces (and output the result implicitly)

Could be just the first two bytes if a list output is allowed, or 3 bytes with » if a newline delimiter instead of space delimiter is allowed.

Answer 37

Perl 5, 21 bytes

printf'%b ',ord for@F

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Answer 38

Perl 6, 16 bytes

*.ords>>.base(2)

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Converts the string to codepoints and then each to base 2.

Answer 39

05AB1E, 10 bytes

SvyÇ2Bнð«?

S           //Split string
 v          //Loop on every character
  y         //Push current character to the stack
   Ç        //Get ASCII value of character
    2B      //Convert to base 2
      н     //Convert from 1-element array to string
       ð«   //Append space
         ?  //Print with no newline

Try it online!

Answer 40

Zsh, 43 bytes

for c (${(s::)1})printf ${$(([#2]#c))#??}\ 

Try it online! Try it online!

for c (${(s::)1})                             # for character in string $1   (e.g. H)
                         $((      ))          # arithmetic evaluation
                         $((    #c))          # get character code           (e.g. 72)
                         $(([#2]#c))          # convert to base 2            (e.g. 2#1001000)
                        ${           #??}     # strip leading two characters (e.g. 1001000)
                 printf ${              }\    # append space, print

---

If all binary strings need to be 8 characters long, +9 bytes:

for c (${(s::)1})printf ${(l:8::0:)$(([#2]#c))#??}\ 

Try it online!

Answer 41

Python 3, 39 bytes

for i in input():print(bin(ord(i))[2:])

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Answer 42

Elixir 47

for c<-:io.read(''),do: :io.fwrite('~.2B ',[c])

As function:

& for<<c<-&1>>,do: :io.fwrite('~.2B ',[c])

As function working on charlists (' delimited strings):

& for c<-&1,do: :io.fwrite('~.2B ',[c])

Answer 43

Erlang 41

[io:fwrite('~.2B ',[C])||C<-io:read("")].

Answer 44

Burlesque, 10 bytes

XX{**b2}mw

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XX  # Break into characters
{
 ** # Convert to ascii val
 b2 # Convert to binary
}mw # Map and spaces between elements 

Answer 45

PHP, 44 bytes

while($c=decbin(ord($argn[$i++])))echo"$c ";

Try it online!

Answer 46

STATA 158

I used a different approach than most. Read in via the display _request() prompt (shortened to di _r(r)). Write the string to a file called b in text mode. Open b in binary mode and read each character as a byte and convert to binary. Technically the b file should be closed at the end, but it is a valid program and runs successfully without it.

di _r(r)
file open a using "b",w
file w a "$r"
file close a
file open a using "b",b r
file r a %1bu t
while r(eof)==0 {
loc q=t
inbase 2 `q'
file r a %1bu t
}

Answer 47

Golang - 68

I'm new to Go and I'm not sure on the rules for counting characters in this language on here either.

Imports (11 bytes):

import"fmt"

Function (55 bytes):

func c(s string){for _,r:=range s{fmt.Printf("%b ",r)}}

You can run it here.

Answer 48

Erlang, 71 Bytes

f(S)->L=lists,L:droplast(L:flatten([integer_to_list(X,2)++" "||X<-S])).

If a trailing whitespace at the end is allowed then

55 Bytes

f(S)->lists:flatten([integer_to_list(X,2)++" "||X<-S]).

Answer 49

Never will C# win these kinds of questions but here's a try, completely without encoding. :)

C# - 84

Console.Write(String.Join(" ",Console.ReadLine().Select(x=>Convert.ToString(x,2))));

Answer 50

Cobra - 64

As a Lambda:

do(s='')=(for c as int in s get Convert.toString(c,2)).join(' ')

Answer 51

Postscript, 17 bytes (13 byte program + 4 character command line switch)

s { 2 7 string cvrs = } forall

Which is 31 bytes in tokenized form: (backticks denote literal characters, everything else is hexidecimal)

`s{2 7` 92A5 9230 `=}` 9249

Run using Ghostscript as:

gs -ss="Hello World!" string-to-binary.ps

Answer 52

JavaScript 78

alert(eval('""'+prompt().replace(/./g,"+' '+'$&'.charCodeAt().toString(2)")))

Answer 53

Ruby 38 Bytes

p gets.bytes.map{|i|i.to_s 2}.join ' '