The Arecibo message is a 1974 interstellar radio message carrying basic information about humanity and Earth sent to globular star cluster M13 in the hope that extraterrestrial intelligence might receive and decipher it... The message consisted of 1,679 binary digits, approximately 210 bytes...

The number 1,679 was chosen because it is a semiprime (the product of two prime numbers), to be arranged rectangularly as 73 rows by 23 columns. The alternative arrangement, 23 rows by 73 columns, produces an unintelligible set of characters (as do all other X/Y formats).

This is the message with color added to highlight its separate parts. The actual binary transmission carried no color information.

Your task is to output the Arecibo Message in the exact 23x73 arrangement shown in the image. Any of these output formats is acceptable:

Text, using one character for ones and another for zeros (using the usual rules for row separation)
A 2D array of two distinct values
A 23x73 image with two distinct colors
Aan uninterrupted stream of 1679 items of two distinct values (i.e. any of the above formats, but flat.)
A 1679-bit integer. Indicate bit and byte order (endianness) in your solution.

For your convenience, here is a copy-pastable version (also an example output in text format):

00000010101010000000000
00101000001010000000100
10001000100010010110010
10101010101010100100100
00000000000000000000000
00000000000011000000000
00000000001101000000000
00000000001101000000000
00000000010101000000000
00000000011111000000000
00000000000000000000000
11000011100011000011000
10000000000000110010000
11010001100011000011010
11111011111011111011111
00000000000000000000000
00010000000000000000010
00000000000000000000000
00001000000000000000001
11111000000000000011111
00000000000000000000000
11000011000011100011000
10000000100000000010000
11010000110001110011010
11111011111011111011111
00000000000000000000000
00010000001100000000010
00000000001100000000000
00001000001100000000001
11111000001100000011111
00000000001100000000000
00100000000100000000100
00010000001100000001000
00001100001100000010000
00000011000100001100000
00000000001100110000000
00000011000100001100000
00001100001100000010000
00010000001000000001000
00100000001100000000100
01000000001100000000100
01000000000100000001000
00100000001000000010000
00010000000000001100000
00001100000000110000000
00100011101011000000000
00100000001000000000000
00100000111110000000000
00100001011101001011011
00000010011100100111111
10111000011100000110111
00000000010100000111011
00100000010100000111111
00100000010100000110000
00100000110110000000000
00000000000000000000000
00111000001000000000000
00111010100010101010101
00111000000000101010100
00000000000000101000000
00000000111110000000000
00000011111111100000000
00001110000000111000000
00011000000000001100000
00110100000000010110000
01100110000000110011000
01000101000001010001000
01000100100010010001000
00000100010100010000000
00000100001000010000000
00000100000000010000000
00000001001010000000000
01111001111101001111000

If your language, for some reason, has a builtin for the Arecibo Message, you may not use that builtin.

Good Luck!

UPDATE: I accepted the 05AB1E answer since it was the first one to be shorter than the original message. Don't let that dissuade you from new solutions.

UPDATE 2019-09-09: Accepted answer moved to a new 05AB1E answer, as it obsoletes the previous 05AB1E answer. Same point goes as previous update; new solutions still welcome.

Beefster

Posted 2019-04-09T18:01:19.293

Reputation: 6 651

9If a language has a built in for Arecibo message, I can tell, with all certainty, that I've seen everything in this world c: – Luis felipe De jesus Munoz – 2019-04-09T18:04:35.607

6Mathematica (IIRC) has an image builtin for Lena, so it wouldn't surprise me if it also has an Aricebo message as well. – Beefster – 2019-04-09T18:06:22.437

@RobertS. no because there are other valid formats besides text. – Beefster – 2019-04-09T18:27:57.087

4In the spirit of the original format, a flat result/output should be allowed. The whole point of 1679 bits is exactly that the proper number of rows and columns can be inferred from the signal length. – Adám – 2019-04-09T19:10:00.383

Are we allowed go return an array of strings, that do not represent lines? – Embodiment of Ignorance – 2019-04-09T21:51:00.173

@EmbodimentofIgnorance, how else would you represent it? – Beefster – 2019-04-10T04:29:34.320

So is my solution here valid?

– Embodiment of Ignorance – 2019-04-10T05:05:23.750

@EmbodimentofIgnorance unless it either outputs lines of 23 characters or an uninterrupted stream of 1679 values, no. – Beefster – 2019-04-10T06:32:07.817

@LuisfelipeDejesusMunoz Mathematica has a builtin to determine goats in a picture, so an Arecibo message builtin wouldn't really surprise me either.. That language is built on builtins of the universe.. >.>

– Kevin Cruijssen – 2019-04-10T06:47:47.333

As far as I know, they didn't even bother repeating the message. It was sent only once. As mentioned on Wikipedia, it was really just a (fun) technological demonstration. – Arnauld – 2019-04-10T07:08:23.867

Answers

05AB1E, 182 bytes

•sv¯ö¨₁ÿ.ÛïžôΔ¨γ_Ígv…=Bм„Ð.(Ü¦i´…ε±G½0^/₃öRÛž¼¤"āêL!ˆ6‘GāÜ‡ðв₁÷Ã7€₂δ¬‚Cć¨g¾†@÷[_-68¯a∍iG*6ÆîÆ;>éjζãÎÂ+ºžnî¼ć'(ÝÞΔ‹∞Ã‰Ý¹Õ5λ₆*a|§oÄmôæ¨;Â—:hž¥ð¢ocË'¨%¡4Ćáß©ìća;FÁ?iˆèεƒʒ•Ž6–FD4‰`3ÊD?i-

Try it online! (uses 1 for 0 and 0 for 1, as allowed by the question).

Try it online! (5 bytes longer, 0 for 0 and 1 for 1, added newlines for readability).

Most of the code is a base-255 integer constant N, the rest is an Asymmetric Numeral System decoder, using hardcoded probabilities of 75% / 25% (the actual frequency of 0 is 76.35%, which is so close to 75% that it would only save 1.2 bits in the payload, while the nice and round 75% lets us save several bytes in the decoder).

Ž6–F                  # repeat the following 1679 times:
    D                 #  duplicate N
     4‰`              #  divmod 4: pushes N / 4, N % 4 on the stack
        3Ê            #  is N % 4 != 3 ? (boolean 1 or 0)
          D?          #  print a copy
            i-        #  if it's 1, subtract: N = N - (N / 4)
                      #  (otherwise, N = N / 4, since that's the top of the stack)

Here's the ANS encoder that generated the constant: Try it online!

Î                          # start from N = 0
 Rv         ]              # for each bit in the reversed input:
   4*                      #  N *= 4
     yi                    #  if the bit is 1:
       3+                  #   N += 3
         ë                 #  else:
          3÷               #   N /= 3 (integer division)
             ₅B'•.ø        # compress N as base-255

Grimmy

Posted 2019-04-09T18:01:19.293

Reputation: 12 521

Good work at obsoleting the previous 05AB1E answer! – Beefster – 2019-09-09T21:11:33.477

05AB1E, 215 210 200 bytes

Saved 15 bytes thanks to Magic Octopus Urn

•cOž¤4é57ñΛ\Ö₃BαöĀíL½₅üBdoÙRθLγ¨G×Tćú$G(˜ƒ¦!€R»SDrµCnJ†d∊ζ·<8‡T@|‹ï=BζćósxG\ÙÎ$¿o₁5/ÔŸÇBûXé-”a::Ž]°∊y;ζ]MÜβ‘иL”β{üÃÇíäc€÷›ÎU=}¨иaŸdY`»¾ÚUβ:ô©¦β†₅DGŠβ3Jêθ,äá!ícqšVÖ›lÈΣ¯pε €êÊƒDpÙ/¬Žλ8:ãÿ3=€.Þć•3BY¾4×:

Try it online! or with Additional formatting

Base-255 encoded trinary string with occurrences of 0000 replaced by 2.

Emigna

Posted 2019-04-09T18:01:19.293

Reputation: 50 798

@MagicOctopusUrn: Thanks! That makes it 210 even :) – Emigna – 2019-04-10T14:15:57.680

It's actually even better if you replace 0000 with 2 by 9 more bytes. - https://pastebin.com/aZ6tHxjx for 201

– Magic Octopus Urn – 2019-04-10T14:19:09.967

@MagicOctopusUrn: Yes, I found that as well and was just about to post it :) – Emigna – 2019-04-10T14:24:48.663

2Cool! Since the Arecibo messages is 210 bytes (23 * 73 / 8 = 209.875), your solution (currently at 200 bytes) is shorter than the message itself! – J-L – 2019-04-11T16:51:53.967

I went ahead and made this the accepted answer since it was the first one to be shorter than the message itself. – Beefster – 2019-04-11T17:42:50.540

Java, 688 678 590 379 361 bytes

Returns a string.

n->new java.math.BigInteger("in95mzupnpa2r0khpoepyql6ioqyn413avucdtfay6indx4wh9dehe3sn18klobtf4z9g9q17umqmwpegr2khb5eqinn7azl4jpfp2a8eui0xfrx5qwrou6gd65jh4ge3ls14k5lu7qrvmg6942ms29u5rb8fa6yrdhfoh5zoi9bdi7uh5ig0u0ff9kounth8sh357x7qox4m3oqviqsbrvakonbka4ahp21bgzi5v1akzzuqoncszhpabbru9q1uo2g11zr73iuyiqr5ikr69zn7cdv7e1lhd6ese9",36).toString(3).replace("2","0000")

-10 bytes by returning the raw stream (old answer)
-88 bytes by using base 10 numerics (thanks @ceilingcat!)
-211 bytes (I knew it could be golfed!) by using a base-36 encoded BigInteger (thanks @JollyJoker!)
-18 bytes by using a different encoded integer (thanks again @JollyJoker)

Try it online!

Explanation:

n->new java.math.BigInteger("base36 string",36) // Decode the base-36 integer.
   .toString(3)                                 // Re-encode as ternary
   .replace("2","0000")                         // Replace 2 with "0000"
                                                // Implicit return

Benjamin Urquhart

Posted 2019-04-09T18:01:19.293

Reputation: 1 262

Comments are not for extended discussion; this conversation has been moved to chat.

– Adam Lear – 2019-04-11T22:37:39.620

Jelly, 213 bytes

“H²ɓ¶Ṡḷ€ẹ]ƒf*ḳḢ&ƁṇOḥ{ḄṫwỊ+oLạʋß¢H9¢¹÷ỴɗÇ⁶ƲƙæḊẋ3³=1!VƇƁ'D⁺3Ỵɱ©⁵%fȯez#ƈjƒżṆo.ZF⁶ċṢ⁶ọṛb9Ȯƒd?ƁUĠt4ẇ,ḞġƒµƭfʠƁP§÷øȤŻPɲẋ(¢ß¢(⁽3¶ṙėɗy@ṁYȮL~e⁷ƤĊ§nỊṅµṠ°@7ẠB>Ġ⁻İ}uy¡½:esOpḢt}qS©HÞṬĖṛṇḣ9÷;ESḢ,Ẉ^ṙpƲ©tṃwçnẒṆ¡⁻Jıƒị£-&Ɱ*ẋʂżoȯÑḢɼ’

Output the Arecibo Message

Answers

05AB1E, 182 bytes

05AB1E, 215 210 200 bytes

Java, 688 678 590 379 361 bytes

Jelly, 213 bytes

Brainfuck, 2360 2008 1938 bytes

Deadfish~, 1115 1088 1084 bytes

Piet, 1763 codels

Explanation

Notes

C# (Visual C# Interactive Compiler), 366 332 329 319 bytes

C# (Visual C# Interactive Compiler), 305 bytes, 210 chars

Bubblegum, 275 236 bytes

Node.js, 333 bytes

JavaScript (ES8), 413 bytes

Perl 6, 368 bytes

Wolfram Language (Mathematica), 383 bytes

bash + GNU tools, 351 bytes

MathGolf, 223 220 bytes

Explanation

Perl 5, 460 bytes

Python 2, 336 bytes

[Python 2], 345 bytes

Zsh, 577 bytes

Bash, 702 697 bytes

Ruby, 362 bytes

[C++ (VC++)(but tested with gcc as well)], 585 bytes

Perl 6, 348 bytes

Tcl, 366 bytes

C++ (with Gnu multi-precision library), 359 bytes

Perl 6, 276 bytes

Explanation:

C++ (gcc), 748 bytes

Python 3, 331 bytes