Turbinellus

Turbinellus
	Turbinellus floccosus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Basidiomycota
Class:	Agaricomycetes
Order:	Gomphales
Family:	Gomphaceae
Genus:	Turbinellus; Earle (1909)
Type species
	Turbinellus floccosus; (Schwein.) Earle (1909)
Species
	T. flabellatus; T. floccosus; T. fujisanensis; T. kauffmanii; T. stereoides;

Turbinellus is a genus of five species of fungi in the family Gomphaceae.

Taxonomy

Turbinellus was circumscribed by Franklin Sumner Earle in 1909. Of the three species originally placed in the genus he remarked "They constitute a striking and well-marked genus which seems to have more in common with the club-shaped species of Craterellus than with the following genus where they have always been placed."[1] The genus, along with several others in the Gomphaceae, was reorganized in the 2010s after molecular analysis revealed that the older morphology-based classification did not accurately represent phylogenetic relationships.[2][3][4] The type species, Turbinellus floccosus, had been placed before then in the genus Gomphus.[3]

Description

Fruit bodies of Turbinellus species are wrinkled, with a turbinate shape–like an inverted cone or funnel. The flesh is thick and cork-like. The hymenium (the fertile surface where spores are produced) have an irregular texture with folds that are forked and reticulate.[1]

Species

Image	Scientific name	Distribution
	Turbinellus flabellatus (Berk.) Giachini 2011	Japan
	Turbinellus floccosus (Schwein.) Earle ex Giachini & Castellano 2011	widespread
	Turbinellus fujisanensis (S.Imai) Giachini 2011	Japan
	Turbinellus kauffmanii (A.H.Sm.) Giachini 2011	United States
	Turbinellus stereoides (Corner) Giachini 2011	Asia

References

Earle FS. (1909). "The genera of North American gill fungi". Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden. 5: 373–451 (see p. 407).
Giachini AJ, Hosaka K, Nouhra E, Spatafora J, Trappe JM. (2010). "Phylogenetic relationships of the Gomphales based on nuc-25S-rDNA, mit-12S-rDNA, and mit-atp6-DNA combined sequences". Fungal Biology. 114 (2–3): 224–234. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2010.01.002. PMID 20943133.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
Giachini AJ, Castellano MA. (2011). "A new taxonomic classification for species in Gomphus sensu lato". Mycotaxon. 115: 183–201. doi:10.5248/115.183.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
Giachini AJ, Camelini CM, Rossi MJ, Soares CRFS, Trappe JM. (2012). "Systematics of the Gomphales: the genus Gomphus sensu stricto". Mycotaxon. 120: 385–400. doi:10.5248/120.385.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)

External links

Turbinellus in Index Fungorum

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[Earle_1909-1] Earle FS. (1909). "The genera of North American gill fungi". Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden. 5: 373–451 (see p. 407).

[Giachini_2010-2] Giachini AJ, Hosaka K, Nouhra E, Spatafora J, Trappe JM. (2010). "Phylogenetic relationships of the Gomphales based on nuc-25S-rDNA, mit-12S-rDNA, and mit-atp6-DNA combined sequences". Fungal Biology. 114 (2–3): 224–234. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2010.01.002. PMID 20943133.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)

[Giachini_2011-3] Giachini AJ, Castellano MA. (2011). "A new taxonomic classification for species in Gomphus sensu lato". Mycotaxon. 115: 183–201. doi:10.5248/115.183.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)

[Giachini_2012-4] Giachini AJ, Camelini CM, Rossi MJ, Soares CRFS, Trappe JM. (2012). "Systematics of the Gomphales: the genus Gomphus sensu stricto". Mycotaxon. 120: 385–400. doi:10.5248/120.385.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)