Minister of Employment, Workforce Development and Disability Inclusion

The minister of employment, workforce development and disability inclusion (French: ministre de l’emploi, du développement de la main-d’œuvre et de l’inclusion des personnes handicapées) is the minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet who is responsible for Employment and Social Development Canada, the Government of Canada department that oversees programs such as employment insurance, the Canada pension plan, old age security, and Canada student loans.

Minister of Employment, Workforce Development and Disability Inclusion
Ministre de l’Emploi, du Développement de la main-d’œuvre et de l’Inclusion des personnes handicapées
Incumbent
Carla Qualtrough
since November 20, 2019
Employment and Social Development Canada
StyleThe Honourable
Member of
Reports to
AppointerMonarch (represented by the governor general);[3]
on the advice of the prime minister[4]
Term lengthAt Her Majesty's pleasure
Inaugural holderWilliam Lyon Mackenzie King
Formation2 June 1909
SalaryCA$269,800 (2019)[5]
Websiteesdc-edsc.gc.ca
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Role

The minister of labour and housing is responsible for Employment and Social Development Canada's labour program, which includes management of the Canada Labour Code, the Employment Equity Act, the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service, as well as the implementation of health and safety legislation. Other acts the minister retains responsibility for include the Fair Wages and Hours of Labour Act, Government Employees Compensation Act, and Merchant Seamen Compensation Act. The minister is also responsible for the Strategic Policy and International Labour Affairs (SPILA) Directorate, which focuses on workplace trends and changes, including work-life balance and the reformation of employment relationships, and the Workplace Information Directorate (WID), which provides information on workplace conditions, trends, and innovative practices through direct personal services, electronic means, and various publications, including the Workplace Gazette and the Wage Settlements Bulletin.

History

The Department of Labour was created in 1900. Previously, the responsibility for labour affairs was handled by the postmaster general.

The Department of Labour was created in 1900 through the efforts of postmaster general William Mulock and William Lyon Mackenzie King, becoming, respectively, the first minister and deputy minister.[6][7] Until June, 1909, the postmaster general acted as minister of labour.[8][9]

The Ministry of Labour oversaw a variety of issues, including union riots against immigration in 1907,[10] post-war promotion of the federal Labour-Management Cooperation Service,[11] and legislation surrounding the formation of unions.[12]

In 1996, the Department of Labour was abolished, but the ministerial position continued within Human Resources Development Canada from 1996 to 2003 and Human Resources and Social Development Canada from 2003 to date.[13]

From 1993 to 1996, the Department of Labour was amalgamated with the Department of Employment and Immigration to create Human Resources Development Canada. Although the intent was to replace two Cabinet posts with a single minister of human resources development, the desire to appoint "star candidate" Lucienne Robillard's to Cabinet in 1995 gave the position received a reprieve from amalgamation—Robillard was given the title and positioned as a second minister inside HRDC, responsible for the Labour Program.

A December, 2003, reorganization had seen HRDC dismantled and labour responsibilities passing to a successor department, Human Resources and Skills Development Canada, again with two ministers: a minister of labour and a minister of human resources and skills development. The name change to Labour and Housing occurred seven months later. The Ministry of HRDC was reconstituted in February, 2006, as Human Resources and Social Development Canada, but still with two ministers.

In 2004, the portfolio was renamed from Labour to Labour and Housing.

From 2004 to 2006, the position was styled the minister of labour and housing (French: ministre du travail et du logement), a name change corresponding with responsibility for the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation being transferred to the portfolio at that time. Minister of labour remains the title for legal purposes.[14]

In 2015, the Labour portfolio was merged into the expanded ministry of Employment, Workforce, and Labour, gaining some responsibilities previously held by the minister of employment and social development.[15] However, the expanded ministry retains a distinct Department of Labour, which is still overseen by a separate minister of labour.

In 2019, following the 2019 Canadian federal election, the portfolio became Employment, Workforce Development and Disability Inclusion, with Carla Qualtrough being appointed the new minister on November 20.[16]

List of ministers

Key:

  Liberal Party of Canada
  Historical conservative parties: Liberal-Conservative, Conservative (historical), Unionist, National Liberal and Conservative, Progressive Conservative
  Conservative Party of Canada
No. Name Term of office Political party Ministry
For ministers responsible for labour issues before 1900, see Postmaster General of Canada.
Postmaster General
1 William Mulock 1900May 19, 1905 Liberal 8 (Laurier)
2 Allen Bristol Aylesworth October 16, 1905June 4, 1906 Liberal
3 Rodolphe Lemieux[10] June 4, 1906May 18, 1909 Liberal
Minister of Labour
4 William Lyon Mackenzie King June 2, 1909October 6, 1911 Liberal 8 (Laurier)
5 Thomas Wilson Crothers October 10, 1911October 12, 1917 Conservative (historical) 9 (Borden)
October 12, 1917November 6, 1918 Unionist 10 (Borden)
6 Gideon Robertson November 8, 1918July 10, 1920 Unionist
July 10, 1920December 29, 1921 National Liberal and Conservative 11 (Meighen)
7 James Murdock December 29, 1921November 13, 1925 Liberal 12 (King)
* James Horace King (Acting) November 13, 1925March 8, 1926 Liberal
8 John Campbell Elliott March 8, 1926June 29, 1926 Liberal
* Robert James Manion (Acting) June 29, 1926July 13, 1926 Conservative (historical) 13 (Meighen)
9 George Burpee Jones July 13, 1926September 25, 1926 Conservative (historical)
10 Peter Heenan September 25, 1926August 7, 1930 Liberal 14 (King)
– Gideon Robertson (2nd time)[11] August 7, 1930February 3, 1932 Conservative (historical) 15 (Bennett)
11 Wesley Ashton Gordon February 3, 1932October 23, 1935 Conservative (historical)
12 Norman McLeod Rogers October 23, 1935September 18, 1939 Liberal 16 (King)
13 Norman Alexander McLarty September 18, 1939December 14, 1941 Liberal
14 Humphrey Mitchell December 14, 1941November 15, 1948 Liberal
November 15, 1948August 2, 1950 17 (St. Laurent)
* Paul Martin Sr. (Acting) August 2, 1950August 6, 1950 Liberal
15 Milton Fowler Gregg August 6, 1950June 21, 1957 Liberal
16 Michael Starr June 21, 1957April 22, 1963 Progressive Conservative 18 (Diefenbaker)
17 Allan MacEachen April 22, 1963December 18, 1965 Liberal 19 (Pearson)
18 John Robert Nicholson December 18, 1965April 20, 1968 Liberal
19 Jean-Luc Pépin April 20, 1968July 6, 1968 Liberal 20 (P. E. Trudeau)
20 Bryce Mackasey July 6, 1968January 28, 1972 Liberal
21 Martin O'Connell January 28, 1972November 27, 1972 Liberal
22 John Munro November 27, 1972September 8, 1978 Liberal
* André Ouellet (Acting) September 8, 1978November 24, 1978 Liberal
– Martin O'Connell (2nd time) November 24, 1978June 4, 1979 Liberal
23 Lincoln Alexander June 4, 1979March 3, 1980 Progressive Conservative 21 (Clark)
24 Gerald Regan March 3, 1980September 22, 1981 Liberal 22 (P. E. Trudeau)
25 Charles Caccia September 22, 1981August 12, 1983 Liberal
26 André Ouellet August 12, 1983June 30, 1984 Liberal
June 30, 1984September 17, 1984 23 (Turner)
27 Bill McKnight September 17, 1984June 30, 1986 Progressive Conservative 24 (Mulroney)
28 Pierre Cadieux June 30, 1986January 30, 1989 Progressive Conservative
29 Jean Corbeil January 30, 1989April 21, 1991 Progressive Conservative
30 Marcel Danis April 21, 1991June 25, 1993 Progressive Conservative
31 Bernard Valcourt June 25, 1993November 4, 1993 Progressive Conservative 25 (Campbell)
32 Lloyd Axworthy November 4, 1993February 22, 1995 Liberal 26 (Chrétien)
33 Lucienne Robillard February 22, 1995January 25, 1996 Liberal
34 Alfonso Gagliano January 25, 1996June 11, 1997 Liberal
35 Lawrence MacAulay June 11, 1997November 23, 1998 Liberal
36 Claudette Bradshaw November 23, 1998December 12, 2003 Liberal
December 12, 2003July 20, 2004 27 (Martin)
37 Joe Fontana[17] July 20, 2004February 6, 2006 Liberal
38 Jean-Pierre Blackburn February 6, 2006October 30, 2008 Conservative 28 (Harper)
39 Rona Ambrose October 30, 2008January 19, 2010 Conservative
40 Lisa Raitt[14] January 19, 2010July 15, 2013 Conservative
41 Kellie Leitch July 15, 2013November 4, 2015 Conservative
Minister of Employment, Workforce Development and Labour
42 MaryAnn Mihychuk November 4, 2015January 10, 2017 Liberal 29 (J. Trudeau)
43 Patty Hajdu[18] January 10, 2017November 20, 2019 Liberal
Minister of Employment, Workforce Development and Disability Inclusion
44 Carla Qualtrough November 20, 2019 Incumbent Liberal 29 (J. Trudeau)


Notes
  1. "The Canadian Parliamentary system - Our Procedure - House of Commons". www.ourcommons.ca. Retrieved 2020-04-20.
  2. "Review of the Responsibilities and Accountabilities of Ministers and Senior Officials" (PDF).
  3. "Constitutional Duties". The Governor General of Canada. Retrieved 2020-04-20.
  4. "House of Commons Procedure and Practice - 1. Parliamentary Institutions - Canadian Parliamentary Institutions". www.ourcommons.ca. Retrieved 2020-04-20.
  5. "Indemnities, Salaries and Allowances". Library of Parliament. April 11, 2018. Archived from the original on June 1, 2017. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
  6. "Mulock, Sir William". The Canadian Encyclopedia. 3. Hurtig Publishers. 1988. p. 1401.
  7. Loudon, William James (1932). Sir William Mulock: A Short Biography. Toronto: Macmillan. pp. 106–134.
  8. "Canada. Department of Labour". Trent University Archives. Retrieved 24 December 2010.
  9. Frances Stanford (2004). Prime Ministers of Canada Gr. 4-8. On The Mark Press. p. 36. ISBN 978-1-77072-750-2.
  10. Julie F Gilmour (22 April 2014). The History of Canada Series: Trouble on Main Street: Mackenzie King Reason Race And The 1907 Vancouver Riots. Penguin Canada. p. 34. ISBN 978-0-14-319191-9.
  11. Frank A. Kunz (15 December 1965). The Modern Senate of Canada 1925-1963. University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division. pp. 94–95. ISBN 978-1-4875-9107-6.
  12. "How “Anti-Union” Laws Saved Canadian Labour". Érudit, Volume 57, Number 1, winter 2002, pp. 3-221
  13. "What’s in a name? A look at cabinet changes since Confederation". Hill Times, By Laura Ryckewaert Jun. 28, 2017
  14. "Harper defends Air Canada labour dispute intervention". CTV News, March 9, 2012
  15. "Here are all 30 cabinet ministers at a glance".The Ottawa Citizen , November 11, 2015
  16. "Vancouver-area MPs Jonathan Wilkinson, Carla Qualtrough, Harjit Sajjan, and Joyce Murray back in Trudeau cabinet". The Georgia Straight. 2019-11-20. Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  17. Philip Slayton (19 May 2015). Mayors Gone Bad. Penguin Canada. p. 123. ISBN 978-0-14-319451-4.
  18. "Justin Trudeau adds fresh faces in cabinet shuffle". Maclean's, Joan Bryden, Jan 10, 2017

Further reading
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