List of political entities in the 19th century
This is a list of political entities that existed between 1801 and 1900. It includes both sovereign states, self-declared unrecognized states, and any political predecessors of current sovereign states.
Political entities
Flag | Name | Capital(s) | State type | Existed | Location |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Portuguese Angola | Luanda | Colony, Portuguese | 1575–1975 | Africa: Central | |
Kingdom of Kongo | São Salvador | Kingdom/client | 1390–1914 | Africa: Central | |
Anziku Kingdom | Kingdom | 17th century–1875 | Africa: Central | ||
Kingdom of Baguirmi | Kingdom | 1522–1897 | Africa: Central | ||
Kamerun | Colony (Germany) | 1884–1916 | Africa: Central | ||
French Chad | Colony, French | 1900–1960 | Africa: Central | ||
Congo Free State | Kingdom | 1885–1908 | Africa: Central | ||
Kuba Kingdom | Kingdom | c.1600–19th century | Africa: Central | ||
French Congo | Colony, French | 1882–1910 | Africa: Central | ||
Kingdom of Orungu | Kingdom | c.1700–1927 | Africa: Central | ||
Kasanje Kingdom | Kingdom | 1620–1910 | Africa: Central | ||
Kazembe chiefdom | Chiefdom | 1740–1904 | Africa: Central | ||
Kingdom of Loango | Kingdom | c.1550–c.1883 | Africa: Central | ||
Kingdom of Luba | Kingdom | 1585–1889 | Africa: Central | ||
Kingdom of Lunda | Kingdom | c.1665–1887 | Africa: Central | ||
Ouaddai Empire | Empire | 1635–1909 | Africa: Central | ||
Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe | Colony, Portuguese | 1470–1975 | Africa: Central | ||
Wadai Empire | Empire | 1635–1909 | Africa: Central | ||
Yeke Kingdom | Bunkeya | Kingdom | 1856–1891 | Africa: Central | |
Sultans of the Comoros | Sultanate | 15th century–c.1912 | Africa: East | ||
Merina Kingdom | Antananarivo | Kingdom | 1540–1897 | Africa: East | |
Ankole | Kingdom | late 15th century–1967 | Africa: East | ||
Buganda | Kampala | Kingdom | early 14th century–1967 | Africa: East | |
Bunyoro | Kingdom | 16th century–1967 | Africa: East | ||
Shilluk Kingdom | Fashoda | Kingdom | c.1490–1865 | Africa: East | |
Medri Bahri | Debarwa | Kingdom | 1137–1890 | Africa: East, Horn | |
Aussa Sultanate | Asaita | Sultanate | 1734–1902 | Africa: East, Horn | |
Ethiopian Empire | Addis Ababa | Empire | 1137–1935; 1942–1974 | Africa: East, Horn | |
Kingdom of Garo | Kingdom | 1567–1883 | Africa: East, Horn | ||
Kingdom of Gomma | Kingdom | c.1780–1886 | Africa: East, Horn | ||
Kingdom of Gumma | Kingdom | c.1770–1902 | Africa: East, Horn | ||
Kingdom of Janjero | Kingdom | 15th century–1894 | Africa: East, Horn | ||
Kingdom of Jimma | Kingdom | 1790–1932 | Africa: East, Horn | ||
Kingdom of Kaffa | Kingdom | c.1390–1897 | Africa: East, Horn | ||
Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea | Kingdom | 1801–1891 | Africa: East, Horn | ||
Kingdom of Welayta | Kingdom | c.1250–1894 | Africa: East, Horn | ||
British Somaliland | Colony, British | 1884–1940; 1941–1960 | Africa: East, Horn | ||
Sultanate of Hobyo | Sultanate | 1878–1926 | Africa: East, Horn | ||
Majeerteen Sultanate | Sultanate | c.1600–1924 | Africa: East, Horn | ||
Warsangali Sultanate | Sultanate | 1218–1886 | Africa: East, Horn | ||
Kingdom of Burundi | Kingdom | 1680–1966 | Africa: East, Lakes | ||
Sultanate of Zanzibar | Sultanate | 1856–1964 | Africa: East, Lakes | ||
Wituland | 1858–1885 | Africa: East, Lakes | |||
Kingdom of Rwanda | Kingdom | 11th century–1962 | Africa: East, Lakes | ||
Khedivate of Egypt | Khedivate | 1867–1914 | Africa: Northeast | ||
Sennar (sultanate) | Sultanate | 1504–1821 | Africa: Northeast | ||
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan | Colony, British/Egyptian | 1899–1956 | Africa: Northeast | ||
Sultanate of Darfur | Sultanate | 1603–1874; 1898–1916 | Africa: Northeast | ||
French Algeria | Colony, French | 1830–1962 | Africa: Northwest | ||
Ottoman Algeria | Territory, Ottoman | c.1517–1830 | Africa: Northwest | ||
Morocco | Sultanate | 1664–1912; 1956–present | Africa: Northwest | ||
Spanish Sahara | Territory, Spanish | 1884–1975 | Africa: Northwest | ||
Barotseland | 17th century–1900 | Africa: South | |||
Bechuanaland Protectorate | Protectorate | 1885–1966 | Africa: South | ||
Kaapstad | Colony, Dutch | Africa: South | |||
Gaza Empire | Empire | 1824–1895 | Africa: South | ||
Basutoland | 1884–1966 | Africa: South | |||
Maravi | Late 15th century–1870 | Africa: South | |||
Angoche Sultanate | Angoche, Moma | Sultanate | 1485–1910 | Africa: South | |
Portuguese Mozambique | Colony, Portuguese | 1498–1975 | Africa: South | ||
Mthethwa Paramountcy | Empire | c.1780–1817 | Africa: South | ||
Mthwakazi | 1830s–1889 | Africa: South | |||
German South-West Africa | Colony, German | 1884–1915 | Africa: South | ||
Colony of Natal | Colony, British | 1843–1910 | Africa: South | ||
Nieuwe Republiek | Republiek | 1884–1888 | Africa: South | ||
Rozwi Empire | Empire | 1660–1866 | Africa: South | ||
British Cape Colony | Cape Town | Colony, British | 1795–1910 | Africa: South | |
Orange Free State | 1854–1902 | Africa: South | |||
Transvaal | Republic | 1856–1877; 1881–1902; 1914–1915 | Africa: South | ||
Swaziland | 1745–1906; 1968–present | Africa: South | |||
Transvaal Colony | Colony, British | 1877–1881; 1902–1910 | Africa: South | ||
Company rule in Rhodesia | Company rule | 1890–1924 | Africa: South | ||
Zulu Kingdom | Kingdom | 1816–1897 | Africa: South | ||
Baol | Kingdom | 1555–1874 | Africa: West | ||
Benin Empire | Benin City | Empire | 1180–1897 | Africa: West | |
Dahomey | Kingdom | c.1600–1904 | Africa: West | ||
French West Africa | Colony, French | 1895–1958 | Africa: West | ||
Bornu Empire | Ngazargamu | Empire | 1380–1893 | Africa: West | |
Mossi Kingdoms | Kingdoms | 11th century–1896 | Africa: West | ||
Portuguese Cape Verde | Colony, Portuguese | 1462–1975 | Africa: West | ||
Cayor | Kingdom | 1549–1879 | Africa: West | ||
Imamate of Futa Jallon | Imamate | 1725–1896 | Africa: West | ||
Imamate of Futa Toro | Imamate | 1776–1861 | Africa: West | ||
Gambia Colony and Protectorate | Colony, British | 1821–1965 | Africa: West | ||
Ashanti Empire | Empire | 1670–1902; 1935–1957 | Africa: West | ||
Gyaaman | 1450–1895 | Africa: West | |||
Fante Confederacy | Confederation | 1868–1874 | Africa: West | ||
Wassoulou Empire | Empire | 1878–1898 | Africa: West | ||
Baté Empire | Empire | until 1879 | Africa: West | ||
Portuguese Guinea | Colony, Portuguese | 1474–1974 | Africa: West | ||
Kingdom of Jolof | Kingdom | 1549–1875 | Africa: West | ||
Kaabu | Kingdom | 1537–1867 | Africa: West | ||
Kénédougou Kingdom | Kingdom | c.1650–1898 | Africa: West | ||
Khasso | Kingdom | 17th century–1880 | Africa: West | ||
Kong Empire | Empire | 1710–1898 | Africa: West | ||
Kingdom of Koya | Kingdom | 1505–1896 | Africa: West | ||
Liberia | Republic | 1847–present | Africa: West | ||
Bamana Empire | Empire | 1712–1861 | Africa: West | ||
Kaarta | 1753–1890 | Africa: West | |||
Pashalik of Timbuktu | 1591–1833 | Africa: West | |||
Toucouleur Empire | Empire | 1848–1893 | Africa: West | ||
Massina Empire | Empire | c.1818–1862 | Africa: West | ||
Sultanate of Damagaram | Sultanate | 1731–1851 | Africa: West | ||
Dendi Kingdom | Kingdom | 1591–1901 | Africa: West | ||
Aro Confederacy | Confederation | 1690–1902 | Africa: West | ||
Kano Emirate | Emirate | 1807–1903 | Africa: West | ||
Kingdom of Nri | Igbo-Ukwu | Kingdom | 948–1911 | Africa: West | |
Sokoto Caliphate | Caliphate | 1804–1903 | Africa: West | ||
Oyo Empire | Oyo-Ile | Kingdom | c.1400–1896 | Africa: West | |
Bundu | 17th century–1858 | Africa: West | |||
Kingdom of Sine | Kingdom | 1350–1969 | Africa: West | ||
Colonial Sierra Leone | Colony, British | 1800–1961 | Africa: West | ||
Togoland | 1884–1916 | Africa: West | |||
Colony of the Bahamas | Colony, British | 1648–1973 | Americas: Caribbean | ||
Captaincy General of Cuba | Territory, Spanish | 1607–1898 | Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles | ||
Dominican Republic | Republic | 1844–1861; 1865–present | Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles | ||
First Empire of Haiti | Empire | 1804–1806 | Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles | ||
Haiti | 1859–present | Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles | |||
Kingdom of Haiti | Kingdom | 1811–1820 | Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles | ||
State of Haiti | 1806–1811 | Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles | |||
Saint-Domingue | Colony, French | 1625–1804 | Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles | ||
List of Governors of Antigua | Colony, British | 1632–1981 | Americas: Caribbean, Leeward Is. | ||
Colonial Dominica | Colony, British | 1715–1978 | Americas: Caribbean, Leeward Is. | ||
History of Barbados | 1627–1958; 1962–1966 | Americas: Caribbean, Windward Is. | |||
Colonial Saint Lucia | Colony, British | 1762–1979 | Americas: Caribbean, Windward Is. | ||
Colonial Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Colony, British | 1763–1979 | Americas: Caribbean, Windward Is. | ||
Colonial Trinidad and Tobago | Colony, British | 1889–1962 | Americas: Caribbean, Windward Is. | ||
British Honduras | Colony, British | 1862–1981 | Americas: Central | ||
United Provinces of Central America | Republic | 1823–1838 | Americas: Central | ||
Costa Rica | 1823–present | Americas: Central | |||
Greater Republic of Central America | Republic | 1896–1898 | Americas: Central | ||
El Salvador | 1841–present | Americas: Central | |||
Federal Republic of Central America | Republic | 1823–1838 | Americas: Central | ||
Captaincy General of Guatemala | Territory, Spanish | 1609–1821 | Americas: Central | ||
Guatemala | 1823–present | Americas: Central | |||
Honduras | 1838–present | Americas: Central | |||
Mosquito Coast | 1838–1894 | Americas: Central | |||
Nicaragua | 1894–present | Americas: Central | |||
Royal Greenland Trading Department | Company rule | 1774–1908 | Americas: North | ||
Dominion of Canada | Kingdom | 1867–present | Americas: North, Canada | ||
Republic of Manitoba | Republic | 1867–1870 | Americas: North, Canada | ||
Chan Santa Cruz | c.1850–1901 | Americas: North, Mexico | |||
First Mexican Empire | Empire | 1821–1823 | Americas: North, Mexico | ||
Mexico | Republic | 1867–present | Americas: North, Mexico | ||
Republic of the Rio Grande | Republic | 1840–1840 | Americas: North, Mexico | ||
Second Mexican Empire | Empire | 1864–1867 | Americas: North, Mexico | ||
Republic of Sonora | Republic | 1854–1854 | Americas: North, Mexico | ||
Republic of Yucatán | Republic | 1823; 1841–1848 | Americas: North, Mexico | ||
California Republic | Republic | 1846–1846 | Americas: North, United States | ||
Cherokee Nation | 1794–1907 | Americas: North, United States | |||
Confederate States of America | Confederation | 1861–1865 | Americas: North, United States | ||
Republic of Indian Stream | Republic | 1832–1835 | Americas: North, United States | ||
Republic of Maryland | Republic | 1854–1857 | Americas: North, United States | ||
State of Muskogee | 1799–1803 | Americas: North, United States | |||
Republic of Texas | Republic | 1836–1846 | Americas: North, United States | ||
United States | Washington, D.C. | Republic | 1776–present | Americas: North, United States | |
Republic of West Florida | Republic | 1810–1810 | Americas: North, United States | ||
Republic of Alabama | Unitary state | 1861 | Americas: North, United States | ||
Republic of Arkansas | Unitary state | 1861 | Americas: North, United States | ||
Republic of Florida | Unitary state | 1861 | Americas: North, United States | ||
Republic of Louisiana | Unitary state | 1861 | Americas: North, United States | ||
Republic of Mississippi | Unitary state | 1861 | Americas: North, United States | ||
North Carolina | Unitary state | 1861 | Americas: North, United States | ||
Republic of South Carolina | Unitary state | 1861 | Americas: North, United States | ||
Republic of Tennessee | Unitary state | 1861 | Americas: North, United States | ||
Republic of Texas | Unitary state | 1861 | Americas: North, United States | ||
Republic of Virginia | Unitary state | 1861 | Americas: North, United States | ||
Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia | Kingdom | 1860–1862 | Americas: South | ||
Argentina | 1861–present | Americas: South | |||
Buenos Aires | 1852–1861 | Americas: South | |||
Argentine Confederation | Confederation | 1831–1861 | Americas: South | ||
United Provinces of the River Plate | 1810–1831 | Americas: South | |||
Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata | Territory, Spanish | 1776–1810 | Americas: South | ||
Bolivia | 1839–present | Americas: South | |||
Republic of Acre | Republic | 1899-1900; 1903 | Americas: South | ||
First Brazilian Republic | Republic | 1889–1930 | Americas: South | ||
Captaincy General of Chile | Territory, Spanish | 1541–1818 | Americas: South | ||
Chile | Republic | 1818–present | Americas: South | ||
Colombia | 1886–present | Americas: South | |||
United States of Colombia | 1863–1886 | Americas: South | |||
Gran Colombia | 1821–1831 | Americas: South | |||
Granadine Confederation | Confederation | 1858–1863 | Americas: South | ||
Republic of New Granada | Republic | 1831–1858 | Americas: South | ||
United Provinces of New Granada | Republic | 1810–1816 | Americas: South | ||
Ecuador | 1830–present | Americas: South | |||
British Guiana | Colony, British | 1814–1966 | Americas: South | ||
Paraguay | 1811–present | Americas: South | |||
Peru | 1839–present | Americas: South | |||
Viceroyalty of Peru | Territory, Spanish | 1542–1824 | Americas: South | ||
Peru–Bolivian Confederation | Confederation | 1836–1839 | Americas: South | ||
Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves | Kingdom | 1815–1822/1825 | Americas: South | ||
Surinam (Dutch colony) | Colony, Dutch | 1667–1954 | Americas: South | ||
Liga Federal | Federation | 1815–1820 | Americas: South | ||
Uruguay | 1828–present | Americas: South | |||
United States of Venezuela | 1864–1953 | Americas: South | |||
Viceroyalty of New Granada | Territory, Spanish | 1717–1819 | Americas: South, Central | ||
Emirate of Afghanistan | Emirate | 1823–1926; 1929 | Asia: Central | ||
Durrani Empire | Empire | 1747–1826 | Asia: Central | ||
Kazakh Khanate | Khanate | 1456–1847 | Asia: Central | ||
Khanate of Kokand | Khanate | 1709–1876 | Asia: Central | ||
Emirate of Bukhara | Emirate | 1747–1826 | Asia: Central | ||
Khanate of Khiva | Khanate | 1511–1920 | Asia: Central | ||
Great Qing | Peking | Monarchy | 1644–1912 | Asia: East, China | |
Republic of Formosa | Republic | 1895 | Asia: East, China | ||
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom | 1851–1864 | Asia: East, China | |||
Republic of Ezo | Republic | 1869 | Asia: East, Japan | ||
Empire of Japan | Empire | 1868–1947 | Asia: East, Japan | ||
Ryukyu Kingdom | Kingdom | 1429–1879 | Asia: East, Japan | ||
Tokugawa shogunate | Shogunate | 1600–1868 | Asia: East, Japan | ||
Joseon | Hanseong | Kingdom | 1392–1897 | Asia: East, Korea | |
Korean Empire | Hanseong | Empire | 1897–1910 | Asia: East, Korea | |
Alirajpur State | Princely state (subsidiary alliance) | 1437–1948 | Asia: South | ||
Alwar State | Princely state (subsidiary alliance) | 1296–1949 | Asia: South | ||
Athgarh | Princely state (subsidiary alliance) | 1178–1949 | Asia: South | ||
Theocratic Bhutan | Kingdom | 1616–1907 | Asia: South | ||
Bhutan | Kingdom | 1650–1905 | Asia: South | ||
Kingdom of Cochin | Various | Kingdom | 12th century–1947 | Asia: South | |
Hyderabad State | 1803–1948 | Asia: South | |||
Kashmir and Jammu | Kingdom | 1846-1953 | Asia: South | ||
Ahom kingdom | Kingdom | 1228–1826 | Asia: South | ||
Ajaigarh State | 1765–1949 | Asia: South | |||
Alipura State | 1757–1950 | Asia: South | |||
Garhwal Kingdom | Various | Kingdom | 888–1949 | Asia: South | |
British India | Colony, British | 1858–1947 | Asia: South | ||
Company rule in India | Company rule | 1757–1858 | Asia: South | ||
Jaisalmer State | Jaisalmer | Principality | 1156–1947 | Asia: South | |
Mughal Empire | Empire | 1526–1540; 1555–1857 | Asia: South | ||
Sirmoor State | Sirmür | Principality | 1095–1948 | Asia: South | |
Kharan | Princely state (subsidiary alliance) | 1697–1948 | Asia: South | ||
Las Bela | Princely state (subsidiary alliance) | 1742–1948 | Asia: South | ||
Makran | Princely state (subsidiary alliance) | 18th century–1948 | Asia: South | ||
Huraa dynasty | Monarchy | 1757–1952; 1954–1968 | Asia: South | ||
Sultanate of the Maldives | Sultanate | 1117–1952; 1954–1968 | Asia: South | ||
Manipur | Princely state (subsidiary alliance) | 1110–1949 | Asia: South | ||
Maratha Empire | Empire | 1674–1820 | Asia: South | ||
Kingdom of Mysore | Mysore, Srirangapatna | Kingdom | 1399–1947 | Asia: South | |
Kingdom of Nepal | Kingdom | 1768–2008 | Asia: South | ||
Sikh Empire | Empire | 1799–1849 | Asia: South | ||
Kingdom of Sikkim | Kingdom | 1642–1975 | Asia: South | ||
British Ceylon | Colony, British | 1815–1948 | Asia: South | ||
Travancore | 1729–1949 | Asia: South | |||
Bruneian Empire | Various | Empire | 7th century–1888 | Asia: Southeast | |
Middle Period Cambodia | Kingdom | early 15th century–1863 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Dutch East Indies | Colony, Dutch | 1800–1942; 1945–1949 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Lanfang Republic | Republic | 1777–1884 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Aceh Sultanate | Sultanate | 1496–1903 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Sultanate of Banten | Sultanate | 1527–1813 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Kingdom of Champasak | Kingdom | 1713–1946 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Federated Malay States | 1895–1942; 1945–1946 | Asia: Southeast | |||
Sultanate of Pahang | Sultanate | 1470–1896 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Sultanate of Perak | Sultanate | 1528–1896 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Sultanate of Selangor | Sultanate | 1745–1896 | Asia: Southeast | ||
British rule in Burma | Colony, British | 1824–1942; 1945–1948 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Konbaung Dynasty | Monarchy | 1752–1885 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Sultanate of Maguindanao | Sultanate | 1500–1888 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Spanish East Indies | Colony, Spanish | 1565–1898 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Rattanakosin Kingdom of Siam | Kingdom | 1782–1932 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Annam (French protectorate) | Protectorate, French | 1884–1945; 1945–1949 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Champa | Indrapura, Vijaya, Panduranga | Kingdom | 192–1832 | Asia: Southeast | |
Cochinchina | Colony, French | 1862–1945; 1945–1949 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Empire of Dainam | Empire (1802–1883), Protectorate (1884–1945) | 1802–1945 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Kingdom of Sedang | Kingdom | 1888–c.1890 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Tây Sơn dynasty | Kingdom | 1778–1802 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Tonkin | 1884–1945; 1945–1949 | Asia: Southeast | |||
North Borneo | 1882–1941 | Asia: Southeast | |||
Kingdom of Sarawak | Kingdom | 1841–1941; 1945–1946 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Sultanate of Sulu | Various | Sultanate/client | 1405–1915 | Asia: Southeast | |
Johor Sultanate | Sultanate | 1528–c.1949 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Pattani kingdom | Kingdom | 1516–1902 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Straits Settlements | Territory, British | 1826–1942; 1945–1946 | Asia: Southeast | ||
Sublime State of Persia | Monarchy | 1789–1925 | Asia: West | ||
Soran Emirate | Emirate | 1530s–1835 | Asia: West | ||
Sheikhdom of Kuwait | Sheikhdom | 1752–1961 | Asia: West | ||
Muscat and Oman | 1820–1970 | Asia: West | |||
Emirate of Nejd | Emirate | 1812–1891 | Asia: West | ||
Oman proper | Imamate | 751–1970 | Asia: West | ||
Emirate of Diriyah | Emirate | 1744–1818 | Asia: West | ||
Emirate of Jabal Shammar (Arabia) | Emirate | 1836–1921 | Asia: West | ||
Ottoman Empire | Empire | 1299–1923 | Asia: West | ||
Trucial States | 1820–1971 | Asia: West | |||
Emirate of Beihan | Emirate | 17th century–1967 | Asia: West | ||
Emirate of Dhala | Emirate | 15th century–1967 | Asia: West | ||
Upper Aulaqi Sheikhdom | Sheikhdom | 18th century–1967 | Asia: West | ||
Upper Aulaqi Sultanate | Sultanate | 18th century–1967 | Asia: West | ||
Upper Yafa | Sultanate | c.1800–1967 | Asia: West | ||
Wahidi Balhaf | c.1640–1967 | Asia: West | |||
Wahidi Haban | c.1640–1967 | Asia: West | |||
Kingdom of Imereti | Kingdom | 1260–1810 | Eurasia: Caucasus | ||
Principality of Bulgaria | Principality | 1878–1908 | Europe: Balkans | ||
Kingdom of Greece | Kingdom | 1832–1924; 1935–1941; 1944–1974 | Europe: Balkans | ||
United States of the Ionian Islands | 1815–1864 | Europe: Balkans | |||
Septinsular Republic | Republic | 1800–1815 | Europe: Balkans | ||
First Hellenic Republic | Republic | 1828–1832 | Europe: Balkans | ||
Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg) | Kingdom | 1527–1868 | Europe: Balkans | ||
Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia | Kingdom | 1868–1918 | Europe: Balkans | ||
Illyrian Provinces | Protectorate, French | 1809–1816 | Europe: Balkans | ||
Republic of Ragusa | Ragusa | Republic | 1358–1807 | Europe: Balkans | |
Kosovo Vilayet | 1877–1913 | Europe: Balkans | |||
Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro | Prince-Bishopric | 1696–1852 | Europe: Balkans | ||
Principality of Montenegro | Principality | 1852–1910 | Europe: Balkans | ||
Kingdom of Serbia | Kingdom | 1882–1918 | Europe: Balkans | ||
Principality of Serbia | Principality | 1815–1882 | Europe: Balkans | ||
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland | London | Kingdom | 1801–1922 | Europe: British Isles, UK | |
Austria-Hungary | Monarchy | 1867–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Archduchy of Austria | Archduchy | 1453–1806/1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Austrian Empire | Empire | 1804–1867 | Europe: Central | ||
Habsburg Monarchy | Composite monarchy | 1526–1804 | Europe: Central | ||
Kingdom of Hungary | Various | Kingdom | 1000–1918 | Europe: Central | |
Kingdom of Bohemia | Kingdom | 1198–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Duchy of Anhalt | Duchy | 1806–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Anhalt-Bernburg | Monarchy | 1252–1468; 1603–1863 | Europe: Central | ||
Anhalt-Dessau | Monarchy | 1396–1561; 1603–1863 | Europe: Central | ||
Anhalt-Köthen | Monarchy | 1396–1561; 1603–1853 | Europe: Central | ||
Principality of Aschaffenburg | Principality | 1803–1810 | Europe: Central | ||
Grand Duchy of Baden | Grand Duchy | 1806–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Kingdom of Bavaria | Kingdom | 1805–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Grand Duchy of Berg | Grand Duchy | 1806–1813 | Europe: Central | ||
Bremen | City-state republic | 1806–1867 | Europe: Central | ||
Duchy of Brunswick | Braunschweig | Duchy | 1815–1918 | Europe: Central | |
Free City of Frankfurt | City-state republic | 1372–1806; 1816–1866 | Europe: Central | ||
Grand Duchy of Frankfurt | Client Grand Duchy | 1810–1813 | Europe: Central | ||
German Confederation | Confederation | 1815–1866 | Europe: Central | ||
German Empire | Empire | 1871–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Free Imperial City of Hamburg | City-state | 1806–1867 | Europe: Central | ||
Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg | Electorate | 1692–1807 | Europe: Central | ||
Kingdom of Hanover | Kingdom | 1814–1866 | Europe: Central | ||
Electorate of Hesse | Monarchy | 1803–1807; 1813–1866 | Europe: Central | ||
Grand Duchy of Hesse | Grand Duchy | 1806–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt | Landgraviate | 1567–1806 | Europe: Central | ||
Hesse-Homburg | Landgraviate | 1622–1866 | Europe: Central | ||
Hohenzollern-Hechingen | Monarchy | 1576–1850 | Europe: Central | ||
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen | Monarchy | 1576–1850 | Europe: Central | ||
Duchy of Holstein | Duchy | 1474–1864 | Europe: Central | ||
Holy Roman Empire | No official | Empire | 962–1806 | Europe: Central | |
Principality of Leyen | Client Principality | 1806–1814 | Europe: Central | ||
Principality of Lippe | Principality | 1123–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Free City of Lübeck | City-state | 1226–1811; 1815–1937 | Europe: Central | ||
Electorate of Mainz | Monarchy | 780–1803 | Europe: Central | ||
Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | Duchy | 1379–1815 | Europe: Central | ||
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | Grand Duchy | 1815–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz | Duchy | 1701–1815 | Europe: Central | ||
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz | Grand Duchy | 1815–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Duchy of Nassau | Duchy | 1806–1866 | Europe: Central | ||
North German Confederation | Confederation | 1867–1871 | Europe: Central | ||
Grand Duchy of Oldenburg | Grand Duchy | 1814–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Kingdom of Prussia | Kingdom | 1701–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Prussia | Kingdom | 1525–1947 | Europe: Central | ||
Principality of Regensburg | Principality | 1803–1810 | Europe: Central | ||
Reuss | c.1010–1778/1806 | Europe: Central | |||
Reuss-Ebersdorf | Monarchy | 1678–1824 | Europe: Central | ||
Principality of Reuss-Gera | Principality | 1806–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Principality of Reuss-Greiz | Principality | 1778–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Reuss-Lobenstein | Monarchy | 1425–1547; 1647–1824 | Europe: Central | ||
Confederation of the Rhine | Confederation | 1806–1813 | Europe: Central | ||
Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg | Duchy | 1602–1672; 1826–1920 | Europe: Central | ||
Saxe-Coburg and Gotha | Duchy | 1826–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld | Duchy | 1699–1825 | Europe: Central | ||
Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg | Duchy | 1680–1826 | Europe: Central | ||
Saxe-Hildburghausen | Duchy | 1680–1826 | Europe: Central | ||
Saxe-Lauenburg | Duchy | 1296–1803; 1814–1876 | Europe: Central | ||
Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen | Duchy | 1680–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | Grand Duchy | 1809–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Kingdom of Saxony | Kingdom | 1806–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe | Principality | 1643–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt | Principality | 1599–1919 | Europe: Central | ||
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen | Principality | 1599–1920 | Europe: Central | ||
Waldeck | Principality | 1180–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Kingdom of Westphalia | Kingdom | 1807–1813 | Europe: Central | ||
Württemberg | Monarchy | 11th century–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Grand Duchy of Würzburg | Grand Duchy | 1805–1814 | Europe: Central | ||
Liechtenstein | Principality | 1806–present | Europe: Central | ||
Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria | Kingdom | 1772–1918 | Europe: Central | ||
Free City of Kraków | City-state republic | 1815–1846 | Europe: Central | ||
Duchy of Warsaw | Occupation | 1807–1815 | Europe: Central | ||
Helvetic Republic | Republic | 1798–1803 | Europe: Central | ||
Swiss Confederation (Napoleonic) | Confederation | 1803–1815 | Europe: Central | ||
Restoration and Regeneration in Switzerland | 1815–1848 | Europe: Central | |||
Switzerland | 1848–present | Europe: Central | |||
Governorate of Estonia | Province (Russia) | 1721–1917 | Europe: East, Baltic | ||
Principality of Moldavia | Principality | 1346–1859 | Europe: East, Romania | ||
United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia | Principalities | 1859–1881 | Europe: East, Romania | ||
Kingdom of Romania | Kingdom | 1881–1947 | Europe: East, Romania | ||
Principality of Wallachia | Principality | 1330–1859 | Europe: East, Romania | ||
Russian Empire | Empire | 1721–1917 | Europe: East; Asia: Central; Americas: North, Russia | ||
Denmark | Various | Kingdom | 1814–present | Europe: Nordic | |
Denmark–Norway | Kingdom | 1524–1814 | Europe: Nordic | ||
Duchy of Schleswig | Duchy | 1058–1866 | Europe: Nordic | ||
Grand Duchy of Finland | Grand Duchy | 1809–1917 | Europe: Nordic | ||
Kingdom of Norway | Kingdom | 1814 | Europe: Nordic | ||
Sweden | 1523–1814; 1905–present | Europe: Nordic | |||
United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway | Various | Kingdom | 1814–1905 | Europe: Nordic | |
Cisalpine Republic | Republic | 1797–1802 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Republic of Cospaia | Republic | 1440–1826 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Sovereign Principality of Elba | Principality | 1814–1815 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Kingdom of Etruria | Kingdom | 1801–1807 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Republic of Genoa | Republic | 1005–1797; 1814–1815 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Italian Republic (Napoleonic) | Republic/client | 1802–1805 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic) | Kingdom | 1805–1814 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Kingdom of Italy | Kingdom | 1861–1946 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Ligurian Republic | Republic | 1797–1805 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia | Kingdom | 1815–1866 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Lucca | Duchy | 1815–1847 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Republic of Lucca | Lucca | Republic | 1160–1805 | Europe: South-Central | |
Duchy of Massa and Carrara | Duchy | 15th–19th century | Europe: South-Central | ||
Duchy of Modena and Reggio | Duchy | 1452–1796; 1814–1859 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Kingdom of Naples | Kingdom | 1285–1816 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Kingdoms of Naples and Sicily | Kingdom | 1043–1410; 1442–1500; 1735–1816 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Duchy of Parma | Duchy | 1545–1859 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Kingdom of Sardinia | Cagliari, Turin | Kingdom | 1324–1861 | Europe: South-Central | |
Kingdom of Sicily | Various | Kingdom | 1130–1816 | Europe: South-Central | |
Duchy of Tridentum | Benevento | Duchy/Principality | 574–1802 | Europe: South-Central | |
Grand Duchy of Tuscany | Grand Duchy | 1569–1801; 1815–1859 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Two Sicilies | Kingdom | 1816–1861 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Gozo | 1798–1801 | Europe: South-Central | |||
Malta Protectorate | Protectorate, British | 1800–1813 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Crown Colony of Malta | Colony, British | 1813–1964 | Europe: South-Central | ||
San Marino | San Marino | Republic | AD 301–present | Europe: South-Central | |
Papal States | Rome | Pontificate | 754–1870 | Europe: South-Central | |
Roman Republic (19th century) | Republic | 1849 | Europe: South-Central | ||
Andorra | Principality | 1278–present | Europe: Southwest | ||
Kingdom of Portugal | Various | Kingdom | 1139–1910 | Europe: Southwest | |
Bourbon Spain | Kingdom | 1700–1812 | Europe: Southwest | ||
First Spanish Republic | Republic | 1873–1874 | Europe: Southwest | ||
Kingdom of Spain | Kingdom | 1813–1873 | Europe: Southwest | ||
Bourbon Restoration (Spain) | Toledo, Madrid | Kingdom | 1874–1931 | Europe: Southwest | |
Kingdom of Galicia | Santiago de Compostela | Kingdom | 409–1833 | Europe: Southwest, | |
Alsace-Lorraine | German Colony | 1871–1918 | Europe: West, France | ||
Bourbon Restoration | 1814–1815; 1815–1830 | Europe: West, France | |||
First French Empire | Empire | 1804–1814; 1815 | Europe: West, France | ||
French First Republic | Republic | 1792–1804 | Europe: West, France | ||
French Second Republic | Republic | 1848–1852 | Europe: West, France | ||
July Monarchy | Monarchy | 1830–1848 | Europe: West, | ||
French Third Republic | Republic | 1870–1940 | Europe: West, France | ||
Second French Empire | Empire | 1852–1870 | Europe: West, France | ||
Roquebrune-Cap-Martin | 1848–1860 | Europe: West, France | |||
Belgium | 1830–present | Europe: West, Low Countries | |||
Luxembourg | 1815–present | Europe: West, Low Countries | |||
Batavian Republic | Republic | 1795–1806 | Europe: West, Low Countries | ||
Kingdom of Holland | Kingdom | 1806–1810 | Europe: West, Low Countries | ||
Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands | Principality | 1813–1815 | Europe: West, Low Countries | ||
United Kingdom of the Netherlands | Kingdom | 1815–1839 | Europe: West, Low Countries | ||
Kingdom of the Netherlands | Kingdom | 1839–present | Europe: West, Low Countries | ||
Monaco | 1419–1793; 1814–present | Europe: West, Monaco | |||
Australia | Colony, British | 1788–1901 | Oceania | ||
Kings of Easter Island | Kingdom | 900–1878 | Oceania | ||
Cook Islands Federation | Federation | 1893–1901 | Oceania | ||
Kingdom of Rarotonga | Kingdom | 1858–1893 | Oceania | ||
Colony of Fiji | Colony, British | 1874–1970 | Oceania | ||
Kingdom of Fiji | Kingdom | 1871–1874 | Oceania | ||
Gilbert and Ellice Islands | British Colony | 1892–1976 | Oceania | ||
Colony of New Zealand | Colony, British | 1841–1907 | Oceania | ||
Niuean monarchy | Monarchy | c. 1700–1900 | Oceania | ||
British protectorate of Niue | Protectorate, British | 1900–1974 | Oceania | ||
German New Guinea | Colony, German | 1884–1919 | Oceania | ||
Territory of Papua | Territory, British | 1883–1949 | Oceania | ||
Kingdom of Bora Bora | Kingdom | Early 19th century–1895* | Oceania | ||
Kingdom of Huahine | Kingdom | 1760–1895 | Oceania | ||
Kingdom of Mangareva | Kingdom | 18th century–1881 | Oceania | ||
Raiatea | Monarchy | 18th century–1888 | Oceania | ||
Kingdom of Tahiti | Kingdom | 1788–1880 | Oceania | ||
Kingdom of Hawaii | Kingdom | 1795–1893 | Oceania | ||
Provisional Government of Hawaii | Provisional Government | 1893–1894 | Oceania | ||
Republic of Hawaii | Republic | 1894–1898 | Oceania | ||
German Samoa | Colony, German | 1900–1920 | Oceania | ||
Malietoa dynasty (Samoa) | Monarchy | pre-1858–1900 | Oceania | ||
Tui Manua dynasty (Samoa) | Monarchy | up to 1900 | Oceania | ||
British Solomon Islands | Colony, British | 1893–1978 | Oceania | ||
Portuguese Timor | Colony, Portuguese | 1702–1975 | Oceania | ||
Kingdom of Tonga | Protectorate | 1900–1970 | Oceania | ||
Tonga | Kingdom | 1845–1900; 1970–present | Oceania | ||
Tuʻi Tonga Empire | Empire | 450s–1865 | Oceania | ||
Anglo-French Joint Naval Commission | Colony, British/French | 1887–1906 | Oceania |
See also
References
List of political entities in the 19th century | ||
Preceded by 18th century |
Political entities of the 19th century |
Succeeded by 20th century |
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