William Duguid Geddes

Sir William Duguid Geddes (/ˈɡɛdɪz/; 21 November 1828[1] – 9 February 1900) was Scottish scholar and educationalist, who expanded the cause of classical Greek at the University of Aberdeen. Geddes classical translations, grammars and scholarship of such high quality contributed to several unique publications, both written with collaborators and edited in series. One of the outstanding scholars of his generation in Scotland, he was the architect of the fusion and High Victorian developer of the modern University of Aberdeen.

Sir William Geddes
Born	William Duguid Geddes (1828-11-21)21 November 1828
Died	9 February 1900(1900-02-09) (aged 71)
Nationality	British
Occupation	Classicist, academic
Spouse(s)	Rachel Robertson ( m. 1859)
Academic background
Alma mater	University of Aberdeen
Academic work
Institutions	Aberdeen University
Main interests	Ancient Greek

Life

The grave of Sir William Duguid Geddes, St Machar's Cathedral

Geddes was born in Glass, Aberdeenshire, to Jane Mcconnachie and John Geddes.[1] Both his father and grandfather were successful farmers. William's three sisters Jane, Margaret and Charlotte went to live at Dresden, Germany where they became leading feminist academics at the university. One of his brothers was a judge at Bengal, made a lot of monet in the United States, and bought a house in central London, where he entertained High Society.[2] William was educated at Elgin Academy and university and King's College, University of Aberdeen, and was parish schoolmaster at Gamrie in his early career. In 1853, he was appointed rector of Aberdeen Grammar School, and in 1860 he was appointed professor of Greek at the University of Aberdeen.

On the death of the Rev. Dr. Pirie in 1885, Geddes was appointed principal of the (united) University.[3] It is chiefly as a teacher that Geddes is remembered, and in his enthusiastic and successful efforts to raise the standard of Greek at the Scottish universities he has been compared with the humanists of the Renaissance. Amongst other works he was the author of A Greek Grammar (1855; 17th edition, 1883; new and revised edition, 1893); a meritorious edition of the Phaedo of Plato (2nd ed., 1885); and The Problem of the Homeric Poems (1878), in which, while supporting Grote's view that the Iliad consisted of an original Achilles with insertions or additions by later hands, he maintains that these insertions are due to the author of the Odyssey.[4]

Professor Richard Claverhouse Jebb referred to him as "one of the finest scholars in the country" with particular reference to his translation of Flosculi Graeci Boreales first published in 1882.[5] Musa Latina was written by Aberdonian, Arthur Johnstone, physician at the Stuart Courts of James I and Charles I. the city area was renowned as the most Catholic and Episcopalian in the Lowlands, but also the most flourishing in the post-renaissance arts in the whole of Scotland. The cultural centre lent writers to an academic and scholastic revival in early seventeenth century Aberdeenshire. "A singularly cultured group of individuals, that no area in the British Isles... could match when they appeared", wrote Geddes in his translation of Johnston's Latin and Greek work.[6]

Already by 1860, Geddes was Professor of the Chair of Ancient Greek when King's College merged with Marischal to form the basis for the modern university. Geddes was one of the most instrumental scholars in promoting the academic excellence of the combined fusion of the two schools in Aberdeen. He continued to serve as a professor. In 1876, he was created LL.D. of the University of Edinburgh, Litt.D. of the University of Dublin in 1893; and his contribution was fully acknowledged when he was knighted in 1892. He died at Chanonry Lodge in Old Aberdeen, on 9 February 1900.[3] He is buried nearby in the churchyard of St Machar's Cathedral. The grave lies east of the church.[7]

Family

Geddes married on 28 April 1859 Rachel Robertson (1826–1919), daughter of William White, merchant, of Aberdeen; she survived him, with an only daughter, Rachel Blanche Geddes, who married on 23 June 1887 Mr. John Harrower, professor of Greek at Aberdeen.[8]

Works

• A Greek Grammar for the Use of Schools and Colleges (1855; 17th edition, 1883; new and revised edition, 1893)
• Classical Education in the North of Scotland (1869)
• The Celtic Tongue: A Lecture (1874)
• The Problem of the Homeric Poems (1878)
• Flosculi graeci boreales; sive, Anthologia graeca Aberdonensis (translation, 1882)
• Phaedo of Plato (2nd ed., 1885)
• Historical characteristics of the Celtic race (1885)
• Lacunar Basilicae Sancti Macarii Aberdonensis: The Heraldic Ceiling of the Cathedral Church of St Machar Old Aberdeen (1888)
• Memorials of a Banffshire Glen (1890)
• Musa Latina Aberdonensis 9 vols (1895) edited by Sir William Geddes.

References

1. Scotland, Select Births and Baptisms, 1564-1950
2. Stephen, Walter (2014). Learning from the Lasses: Women of the Patrick Geddes Circle. Luath Press Ltd. p. chapter 3.
3. "Obituary - Sir William Geddes". The Times (36062). London. 10 February 1900. p. 8.
4.  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Geddes, Sir William Duguid". Encyclopædia Britannica. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 548.
5. Naiditch, P.G. (1988). A E Housman at University College London - the election of 1892. Brill Publishing. pp. 181–2.
6. Eveline Cruickshanks, The Stuart Courts (The History Press, 2012)
7. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/144099361/william-duguid-geddes
8. Pollard, Albert Frederick (1901). "Geddes, William Duguid" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography (1st supplement). 2. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 273.