Siege of Jerusalem

The siege of Jerusalem may refer to various historical events, some of which are also called the Fall of Jerusalem (587 BC, AD 70, 637/38, 1187) or the Sack of Jerusalem (925 BC, AD 70, 614, 1099). Some events listed here did not involve actual sieges, such as those in 1917 and 1967.

See also: Timeline of Jerusalem

Battles

• Siege of Jebus (1010 BC; event from biblical narrative) by David, king of the United Kingdom of Israel, after which David converted the Canaanite city of Jebus into the Israelite capital called City of David, later Jerusalem.
• Sack of Jerusalem (925 BC) (event from biblical narrative) by Pharaoh Shishaq, commonly identified as Shoshenq I of the Twenty-second Dynasty.
• Assyrian siege of Jerusalem (701 BC) by Sennacherib, king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire.
• Siege of Jerusalem (597 BC) by Nebuchadnezzar II of the Neo-Babylonian Empire.
• Siege of Jerusalem (587 BC) and destruction of the city and the First Temple by Nebuchadnezzar II.
• Siege of Jerusalem (134 BC) by Seleucid emperor Antiochus VII Sidetes who laid a siege in the first year of John Hyrcanus' reign, resulting in Hyrcanus negotiating a truce, the city wall being destroyed and tribute payments required.
• Siege of Jerusalem (63 BC) by Pompey the Great, intervening in the Hasmonean civil war. Judaea falls under the rule of Ancient Rome for the next seven centuries.
• Siege of Jerusalem (37 BC) by Herod the Great, ending Hasmonean rule over Judea.
• Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE) by Titus, ending the major phase of the First Jewish–Roman War. It ended in the destruction of the city including Herod's Temple.
• Sasanian conquest of Jerusalem (614) by Shahrbaraz, leading to the Sassanid general capturing the city from the Byzantines; part of the Roman-Persian Wars.
• Siege of Jerusalem (636–637) by Khalid ibn al-Walid (Rashidun general) under Umar ibn al-Khattab, ending in the surrender of the Byzantine city.
• Siege of Jerusalem (1073) by Atsiz ibn Uwaq, general of Seljuk sultan Alp Arslan[1]
• Siege of Jerusalem (1099) by the Crusaders, resulting in the capture of the city, the goal of the First Crusade.
• Siege of Jerusalem (1187) by Saladin, resulting in the capture of the city by the Ayyubid Muslims.
• Siege of Jerusalem (1244) by the Khwarezmians, resulting in the recapture of the city from the Christians, to whom it had been returned by treaty.
• Siege of Jerusalem (1834) by Arab villagers during the 1834 Arab revolt in Palestine.
• Battle of Jerusalem (1917) involved the capture of the city in the Sinai and Palestine campaign of World War I by British and Commonwealth forces.
• Battle for Jerusalem during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. The city was divided between Jordan and Israel; Israel made West Jerusalem its capital.
• An encirclement of East Jerusalem occurred during the 1967 Six-Day War, which led to its capture by Israel.

In literature

• Siege of Jerusalem (poem), 14th-century Middle English alliterative poem depicting the events of AD 70.

1. Gil, Moshe (1997). A History of Palestine, 634–1099. Cambridge University Press. p. 410. ISBN 9780521599849. Retrieved 29 July 2020.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)