Shield-tailed agama

Shield-tailed agama
	Xenagama taylori
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Suborder:	Iguania
Family:	Agamidae
Genus:	Xenagama
Species:	X. taylori
Binomial name
	Xenagama taylori; (Parker, 1935)
Synonyms[1]
	Agama (Xenagama) taylori ; Parker, 1935; Agama taylori ; — Wermuth, 1967; Xenagama taylori ; — Lanza, 1983;

The shield-tailed agama (Xenagama taylori), also known commonly as the dwarf shield-tailed agama, Taylor's strange agama, and the turnip-tailed agama, is a species of lizard in the family Agamidae. The species is endemic to the Horn of Africa.

Etymology

The specific name, taylori, is in honor of British army officer Captain R. H. R. Taylor.[2]

Geographic range

X. taylori is found in eastern Ethiopia and northwestern Somalia.[1]

Habitat

X. taylori lives on arid, flat land, sometimes on hilly landscapes, sandy but also hard grounds, where it digs deep galleries. It survives at 45 to 50 °C (113 to 122 °F) maximum temperature, but average ranges between 25 and 35 °C (77 and 95 °F) in very dry environments, with the exception of strong spring storms and high humidity.

Description

Adults of X. taylori are less than 10 cm (4 inches) in total length (including tail), and hatchlings are just over a centimeter (3/8 inch) and weigh only 3 grams (0.11 ounce).

Defensive behavior

As its size makes it vulnerable to even small predators, X. taylori uses its spiny tail to block its burrows at night.

Diet

Being a small lizard, X. taylori is essentially insectivorous, but has been seen to eat grasses, fruits, and berries.

Sexual dimorphism

X. taylori is sexually dimorphic. Males are thinner and smaller, and their chins turn blue when excited. Males have larger anal pores enclosed by a waxy yellow substance.

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References

Species Xenagama taylori at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.
Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Xenagama taylori, p. 262).

Largen M, Spawls S (2010). Amphibians and Reptiles of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Frankfurt am Main: Edition Chimaira / Serpents Tale. 694 pp. ISBN 9783899734669.
Mazuch T (2013). Amphibians and Reptiles of Somaliland and Eastern Ethiopia. Dřiteč, Czech Republic: Tomáš Mazuch Publishing. 80 pp. ISBN 978-80-905439-0-4.
Parker HW (1935). "Two new Lizards from Somaliland". Annnals and Magazine of Natural History, Tenth Series 16: 525-529. {"Agama (Xenagama) taylori ", new species, p. 525}.
Flannery, Tim; Schouten, Peter (2004). Astonishing Animals: Extraordinary Creatures and the Fantastic Worlds They Inhabit. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press. (Xenagama taylori, p. 130).

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[RDB-1] Species Xenagama taylori at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.

[2] Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Xenagama taylori, p. 262).