Sarcochilus spathulatus

Sarcochilus spathulatus, commonly known as the small butterfly orchid,[2] is a small epiphytic orchid endemic to eastern Australia. It has a single, more or less pendent growth with up to ten thin, leathery leaves and up to five green to dark brown flowers with a cream-coloured labellum that has purple markings.

Small butterfly orchid
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Sarcochilus
Species:
S. spathulatus
Binomial name
Sarcochilus spathulatus
Synonyms[1]
  • Parasarcochilus spathulatus (R.S.Rogers) Dockrill
  • Pteroceras spathulatum (R.S.Rogers) Garay
  • Sarcochilus harriganiae Rupp

Description

Sarcochilus spathulatus is a small epiphytic herb with a single, more or less pendent growth with stems 20–40 mm (0.8–2 in) long. There are between two and ten thin, leathery, narrow egg-shaped leaves 30–70 mm (1.2–2.8 in) long and 14–17 mm (0.6–0.7 in) wide. Up to five green to dark brown flowers 15–18 mm (0.59–0.71 in) long and 12–15 mm (0.47–0.59 in) wide are widely spaced on a pendulous flowering stem 30–50 mm (1–2 in) long. The sepals and petals are narrow oblong, often distinctly expanded near the tip. The dorsal sepal is 5–7 mm (0.20–0.28 in) long and 2–3 mm (0.079–0.12 in) wide whilst the lateral sepals are slightly longer and wider. The petals are 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) long and about 2.5 mm (0.098 in) wide. The labellum is cream-coloured with purplish markings, about 5 mm (0.2 in) long with three lobes. The side lobes are erect, expanded near the tip and the middle lobe is purple. Flowering occurs between July and October.[2][3]

Taxonomy and naming

Sarcochilus spathulatus was first formally described in 1927 by Richard Sanders Rogers and the description was published in Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia.[4][5] The specific epithet (spathulatus) is derived from the Latin word spatha meaning "paddle for stirring or mixing".[6]

Distribution and habitat

The small butterfly orchid grows on the outer branches of trees in rainforest or drier forests near streams. It is found between the Bunya Mountains in Queensland and the Hunter River in New South Wales.[2][3]

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References
  1. "Sarcochilus spathulatus". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. pp. 451–452. ISBN 1877069124.
  3. Weston, Peter H. "Sarcochilus spathulatus". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  4. "Sarcochilus spathulatus". APNI. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  5. Rogers, Richard S. (1927). "Contributions to the orchidology of Australia". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia. 51: 1–2. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  6. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 741.
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