Potternewton

Potternewton (until recently also Potter Newton) is a suburb and parish between Chapeltown and Chapel Allerton in north-east Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It is in the Chapel Allerton ward of Leeds City Council.

Potternewton Park
Skate park in Potternewton Park

Potternewton is bounded by Scott Hall Road to the west, Roundhay Road to the east and Harehills Lane to the north. The main thoroughfare is Chapeltown Road. The suburb is often considered to be part of Chapeltown. On older maps, Potternewton included the Chapeltown and Scott Hall areas and parts of Harehills. Potternewton is an historic village and many older maps prioritise its name over Chapeltown.[1]

Etymology

The name is first attested in the twelfth century, simply as Neuton and Neuthon. This name comes from Old English nīwe ('new') and tūn ('farmstead, estate'), thus originally meaning 'new farmstead'. The name first appears with the addition of 'potter' in the thirteenth century, as Pottersneuton, Neuton Potter, Potterneuton and Potter Newton. This must be because pottery industry had developed there, and to distinguish the village from the many other villages called Newton in the country.[2]

Potternewton once included the place Allerton Gledhow. The name Allerton comes from the Old English word alor ('alder tree'), in its genitive plural form alra, and the word tūn ('farmstead, estate'). Thus it originally meant 'farmstead of the alder trees'. The element Gledhow refers to the nearby settlement of the same name, distinguishing the place from nearby places such as Chapel Allerton, Moor Allerton, and Allerton Bywater.[3]

History
1842 map of Potternewton; Potternewton Hall, Newton Hall, Newton Green Hall, lodges, farms and out-buildings

Potternewton was already the site of pottery manufacture in the Roman period.[2] Coal was mined and stone was quarried. Over time the manor belonged to the Mauleverers, the Scotts of Scott Hall, the Hardwicks and in 1870 belonged to the Earl of Mexborough.[4]

Lords of the manor, the Earl of Mexborough and Earl Cowper sold parts of their estates in the 1700s and litigated until the early 1800s as to who legally owned the land. Around this time, James Brown owned the copyhold of much of the area that became known as Chapeltown.[5][6][7]

Newton Hall and Potternewton Hall

In the 18th century, the Barker/Ray family owned Newton Hall, known as Low Hall, which Ralph Thoresby described as a "venerable old fabric, and stands low and shady". In 1600, the Low Hall estate was worth 300 pounds a year. The family built Potternewton Hall, the "upper house, for the widow, Mrs Barker, to retire to" in the 1730s.[8][9]

By the early 19th century a number of mansions, some with extensive grounds, had been established around the Potternewton and Chapeltown roads: James Brown owned Harehills Grove which was renamed Potternewton Park Mansion,[10] the Scott family owned the mid-18th century Scott Hall[11] and Potternewton Lodge, Newton Green Hall, Potternewton Hall and the adjacent Newton Hall Estates were owned by the Lupton family. The Earl of Mexborough's landholdings at Newton Hall (Low Hall and close), its surrounding parkland, farmhouse, fields, farm, stables and cottages, were owned by Arthur Lupton in 1845. The surveyor Henry Teal divided the land remaining in the earl's possession into lots for sale.[12][13][14]

Potternewton Hall, built c. 1730, home of the Lupton family
The foundation stone of the Newton Park Union Church was laid by Sir John Barran in 1887[15]

Across the field from Arthur at Newton Hall was Potternewton Hall, which, from c.1837–1847, was the residence of his brother Darnton Lupton, Mayor of Leeds (1844–45) who had married his second wife in 1838.[16][17][18][19]

Arthur and Darnton's brother, Francis, lived at Potternewton Hall from 1847 and had purchased the freehold of the estate by 1860. Francis raised his family at the hall until c. 1860. In 1870, Francis and Darnton Lupton purchased the Newton Hall estate from their brother.[20][21]

Newton Park Union Church

As owner of Newton Hall, Arthur Lupton had supported the Potternewton Independent/Congregationalist Chapel and in 1870, Francis and Darnton "quickly accommodated" the building of a new Independent/Congregationalist chapel on their estate. The chapel was designed by architect W.H. Harris. By 1887, the eastern side of the chapel had a new church abutting it; the Newton Park (Union) Congregational/Baptist Church. It was designed by architect Archibald Neill in the 14th century Decorated Gothic style. Neill also designed the estate's shopping parade on Chapeltown Road. By 1952, the Newton Park Union Church was no longer a church but was in use as the Royal Air Force Association Club and the original 1870 Lupton family chapel at the rear was the premises of the Old Central Hebrew Congregational Synagogue.[22][23][24]

Following Darnton Lupton's death in 1873, Francis inherited the estate and the Anglican St Martin's Church was built in 1879 near Newton Hall Lodge.[25][26][27]

In the 1870s, the Potternewton township, covering 1,667 acres about two miles north of Leeds, comprised the villages of New Leeds, part of Buslingthorpe and the hamlets of Gipton, Harehills, and Squire-Pastures.

Diaries of Katherine Roubiliac Conder (1860–1948), granddaughter of Sir Edward Baines, record her father, Eustace Conder, preaching at Newton Park Chapel in 1874. Herbert Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone worshipped there in May 1880. In March 1880, Gladstonian liberalism was at its peak at Newton Park; Sir John Barran talked of himself and Herbert Gladstone, the Liberal M.P. for Leeds, as being "one man".[28] The Leeds Mercury reported on 8 October 1887 that the ceremony of the laying of the foundation stone of the Newton Park Union Church "will be performed by Mr. J. Barran, M.P. (later Sir), on behalf of the Baptists, and by Mr. E. Crossley, M.P., on behalf of the Congregationalists”.[29][30][31]

Interior view of Newton Green Hall

The Georgian Newton Green Hall was part of Newton Park in the 1930s.[32]

By the outbreak of the Second World War, Newton Hall and Potternewton Hall had been demolished and replaced by the city's largest private housing estate.[33][34][35]

Portion of 1920 Newton Park map showing property inherited by sisters Olive Middleton and Anne Lupton

Francis Lupton's son, politician Francis Martineau Lupton inherited the family estate where his daughter, Olive Middleton (née Lupton) grew up at Rockland.[36][37]

Potternewton Park Mansion and park
Built c. 1817. The mansion at Potternewton Park from a postcard postmarked October 1909.

Harehills Grove, another mansion, was built around 1817 for the woollen merchant James Brown. The Jowitt family owned it in 1861 and they later sold the 750 acre estate and back-to-back terraced houses were built on it. The house and its 30-acre park were bought by the Leeds Corporation to create Potternewton Park in 1900. By 1906 the house had been renamed Potternewton Mansion and was opened to the public in 1906. After 1929 the house was used for educational purposes.[10]

The Leeds Carnival procession starts and finishes at Potternewton Park.

21st century

Transport Direct uses the names Potternewton and Chapeltown for separate areas. Potternewton is the small area around the north of Scott Hall Road around the Scott Hall Road/Potternewton Lane roundabout as most of the area is classified today as Chapeltown. West Yorkshire Metro and Transport Direct also identify the area as being in this location. Potternewton Lane is served by bus service 7.

Millfield Primary School, formerly known as Potternewton Primary, is on Potternewton Mount.

St Martin's Church
St Martin's Church, Newton Park Estate (1879–81)

St Martin's Church, the Anglican parish church, off Chapeltown Road was built in 1879–1881 on land owned by the Lupton family.[38][39] The parish was formed after a meeting at the Leeds Church Institute in April 1876, presided over by the Vicar of Leeds, Dr Gott. The site for St Martin's had been confirmed in June 1876. The church, designed by Adams & Kelly of Leeds, was consecrated in 1881.[40] It was built of stone from local quarries. The stained glass was designed by Charles Eamer Kempe.[41][42]

The original design for the church had a steeple, but lack of funds prevented its construction. St Martin's Church has a mainly West Indian congregation.[43][44][45]

People of Potternewton

References
  1. Godfrey, A. (8 August 2017). "Old Ordnance Survey Maps of Leeds". Consett, Co Durham: Alan Godfrey Maps.
  2. Harry Parkin, Your City's Place-Names: Leeds, English Place-Name Society City-Names Series, 3 (Nottingham: English Place-Names Society, 2017), p. 82.
  3. Harry Parkin, Your City's Place-Names: Leeds, English Place-Name Society City-Names Series, 3 (Nottingham: English Place-Names Society, 2017), p. 73.
  4. "Potter Newton West Riding". Vision of Britain. Retrieved 5 August 2017.
  5. Westwood, S. (11 May 2018). "Imagining Cities". Routledge. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  6. Moorhouse, S. (1981). "West Yorkshire : an Archaeological Survey". West Yorkshire Metropolitan County Council. pp. 480–481. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  7. Great Britain. Court of Chancery, Thomas Vernon, John Raithby. "Cases Argued and Adjudged in the High Court of Chancery". J. Butterworth and Son, 1828. p. 651. Retrieved 16 January 2019.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. Barker, E. "The Will of M. A. M. Faber, with Facts and Observations Proving Its ..." Edmund Henry Barker 1821. p. 24-28. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
  9. Parsons, E. "The Civil, Ecclesiastical, Literary, Commercial, and Miscellaneous History of Leeds, Halifax, Huddersfield, Bradford, Wakefield, Dewsbury, Otley". F. Hobson 1834. p. 202. Retrieved 15 January 2019. Newton Hall (otherwise Low Hall)
  10. "Potternewton Park Mansion, Harehills Lane". Leodis – A photographic history of Leeds. UK Gov Leeds City Council. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  11. "Scott Hall – SALE". The Houseshop. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  12. Brown, W. (14 February 2013) [1909–1955]. "Yorkshire Deeds:, Volume 1–10". Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  13. Treen, Colin (2018). The Thoresby Society – The Society’s Archives (Sales Particulars) (Report). The Thoresby Society.
  14. "Sale – The Newton Hall Estate – Containing about 50 acres". Leeds Intelligencer. West Yorkshire, England. 16 June 1866. Retrieved 20 September 2017. ....comprising about 50 acres, consists of the park, the farmstead, and the meadow fields, all in a ring fence front of the house: closely adjoining a Farm, of about 10 acres, with a good farmhouse, stables, and cottages: a small field of about one acre, called...(also,...Leeds Intelligencer West Yorkshire, England – 21st January 1860 – PRELIMINARY ADVERTISEMENT. POTTERNEWTON HALL ESTATE.— This valuable Estate, consisting of Potternewton Hall, and about 47 Acres of Land, lying in elevated....)
  15. "NEW BAPTIST AND CONGREGATIONAL UNION CHURCH IN LEEDS". Leeds Mercury Yorkshire, England. 8 October 1887. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
  16. The Poll Book of the Leeds Borough Election, July, 1837. R. Perring. 1837. p. 28. Lupton, Darnton, house and land, Potternewton Hall, (Reg. Leeds)
  17. Pullan, M. (2007). The Monuments of the Parish Church of St. Peter-at-Leeds. Maney Publishing for The Thoresby Society [and] Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society. ISBN 190598152X. Retrieved 21 June 2019. ...Sarah Lupton died young [1834]...His [Darnton's] second wife was Anna Jane Busk...They married in 1838 and lived at Potternewton Hall with their six children." .
  18. Burke's Peerage Second World War Edition. Burke's Peerage. p. 2944. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  19. "Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds". Leodis – a photographic archive of Leeds. Leeds City Council. Retrieved 25 July 2020. Arthur’s brother Darnton was Mayor of Leeds (1844–45) and was his neighbour, living across the field at Potternewton Hall from c.1837 till c.1847.
  20. Laycock, Mike (17 March 2015). "Duchess of Cambridge's links with stately home near York revealed". The Press. Retrieved 19 March 2015.
  21. "Chapeltown Conservation Area Appraisal" (PDF). Leeds City Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 October 2018. Retrieved 20 September 2017.
  22. "Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds". Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds. Leeds City Council. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
  23. Wolffe, J. (2000). "Yorkshire Returns of the 1851 Census of Religious Worship: West Riding (North)". Borthwick Publications. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  24. Mayhall, J. (1848). "The Annals of Yorkshire: From the Earliest Period to the Present Time, Volume 3". Simpkin, Marshall & Company. p. 440. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  25. Historic England. "Former lodge to Newton Hall with gate piers and flanking wall (1255604)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
  26. Bebbington, D. (2000). Gladstone Centenary Essays. Liverpool University Press. p. 157. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  27. Historic England. "Former Union Chapel and Congregational Chapel (1255644)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 10 January 2019.
  28. Bebbington, D. (2000). Gladstone Centenary Essays. Liverpool University Press. pp. 138–152. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  29. "NEW BAPTIST AND CONGREGATIONAL UNION CHURCH IN LEEDS". Leeds Mercury. Yorkshire, England. 8 October 1887. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
  30. Jenkins, D. T. (2004). "Barran family (per. c.1842–1952)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 28 November 2007.
  31. "Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds". Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds. Leeds City Council. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
  32. "OPEN GARDENS". Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer Yorkshire, England. 5 July 1930. Retrieved 5 August 2019.
  33. "Potternewton, entrance gates". Leodis – A photographic History of Leeds. Leeds City Council. Retrieved 20 September 2017.
  34. "Potternewton Hall, Potternewton Lane". Leodis – A photographic history of Leeds. Leeds City Council. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  35. "Sale – The Newton Hall Estate – Containing about 50 acres". Leeds Intelligencer. West Yorkshire, England. 16 June 1866. Retrieved 20 September 2017. ....comprising about 50 acres, consists of the park, the farmstead, and the meadow fields, all in a ring fence front of the house: closely adjoining a Farm, of about 10 acres, with a good farmhouse, stables, and cottages: a small field of about one acre, called...(also,...Leeds Intelligencer West Yorkshire, England – 21st January 1860 – PRELIMINARY ADVERTISEMENT. POTTERNEWTON HALL ESTATE.— This valuable Estate, consisting of Potternewton Hall, and about 47 Acres of Land, lying in elevated....)
  36. de Vries, S. (2018). "Royal Marriages: Diana, Camilla, Kate & Meghan and princesses who did not live happily ever after". Pirgos Press. Retrieved 30 October 2018. Francis Martineau Lupton was a wealthy mill owner and industrialist turned philanthropist who owned Potternewton/Newton Hall (Estate) in Leeds...
  37. "Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds". Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds. Leeds City Council. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
  38. Historic England. "Church of St Martin, St Martin's View – Potternewton (1256154)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
  39. Conservation Area Appraisal, Chapeltown. "Chapeltown Conservation Area Appraisal" (PDF). UK GOV. Leeds City Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 29 August 2013.
  40. "St. Martin's Church". Leodis – a photographic archive of Leeds. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
  41. Historic England. "St Martin's Church, St Martin's View, Potternewton (1256154)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
  42. Spark, W. (1892). Musical Reminiscences: Past and Present. Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Company. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
  43. "History". St Martin's Church, Leeds. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
  44. "St Martin's Church, Chapeltown Road". Leodis – a photographic archive of Leeds. Retrieved 8 March 2014.
  45. Broadbent, Helen. "Church Archives, St Martins Church". St Martins Church, Potternewton. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  46. Herring, Sarah (30 May 2013) [2004]. "Holroyd, Sir Charles (1861–1917)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

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