Oscar Niemeyer International Cultural Centre

Oscar Niemeyer International Cultural Centre
Oscar Niemeyer International Cultural Centre
	Centro Cultural Internacional Oscar Niemeyer
	Centro Niemeyer
General information
Type	International cultural centre
Location	Avilés, Asturias, Spain
Address	Avda. del Zinc
Coordinates	43.556884°N 5.916288°W
Opened	Spring 2011
Design and construction
Architect	Oscar Niemeyer
Website
	niemeyercenter.org

The Oscar Niemeyer International Cultural Centre, or Centro Niemeyer (Spanish: Centro Cultural Internacional Oscar Niemeyer, popularly known as el Niemeyer), is a cultural centre complex designed by the Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer and an international project. The centre is located on the estuary of Avilés, Asturias in northwest Spain. It was inaugurated on 26 March 2011.

Its imposing size and its white, red and yellow exterior make it a highly visible landmark on the town's landscape.

Oscar Niemeyer: The origins and the design

Auditorium

Logo based on two of the main colours of Oscar Niemeyer's works

"An open square to humankind..."

Oscar Niemeyer, from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, one of the most influential modernist architects in the world,[1] was awarded the Prince of Asturias Award for Art in 1989. This was the beginning of the relationship between Niemeyer and the Principality region of Asturias. Years later, as a present for the 25th anniversary of the Awards, Niemeyer donated a project to the principality. His design has become a project meant to be an international reference in the cultural field. It is dedicated to education, culture and, peace.[2] The centre is the first work by Niemeyer in Spain, and he had said he believes it is his most important in Europe,[3] which is the reason for its name - Centro Niemeyer.

Structure

The Niemeyer Centre is formed by five main elements that complement each other:[4]

The open square is a large open outdoor space for cultural activities that reflects Niemeyer's idea of a place open to humankind.
The auditorium contains approximately 1000 seats for concerts, theatre, and conferences. It is unusual in that its seating does not distinguish between social classes. It includes the Club, a small space for concerts, and an exhibition room in the foyer.
The dome is the exhibition building.
The tower is for sight-seeing and includes a restaurant and cocktail lounge.
The multi-purpose building contains the film centre, meeting-rooms, cafe, shop, and information kiosk.

Multipurpose building

Tower

La grapa

Avilés estuary quay

Niemeyer Centre Panorama

Style and colours

The main feature in Niemeyer's work are the building's curves. The building's colours - mainly white, red, yellow and blue - reflect the influence of Neoplasticism on his work.[5]

Step by step

The first stone was laid on April 2008. The museum building structure was built in about an hour as a result of the use of a pioneering building techniques.[6] This allowed the whole structure to be set up in about and hour. Then the multipurpose building and the Auditorium were constructed. The materials used were mainly concrete and glass. Also during this time the base of the Tower was started, but it was not until the structures of other buildings were almost finished that the work on the Tower was visible. An underground car park was added. The Open Square was covered in white concrete. The sides of the Auditorium were painted yellow, creating a contrast with the dominant white colour on the rest of the buildings. On one of the sides of the auditorium, a ceramic art work, designed by Niemeyer, represents the outline of a woman resting. The stage door was painted red. This door can be open to the square, so that shows can take part inside or outside the building.

The inauguration ceremony took place in March 2011 with a video speech by Niemeyer and a jazz concert with Woody Allen in front of an audience of more than 10,000 people.[7]

Avilés Estuary

'Niemeyer effect': impact in the post-industrial town

Apart from its cultural purposes, the Centre has an important environmental element. It is the center of a large scale urban regeneration process that will change the town's whole waterfront. It is located on an island created in the Avilés estuary, not far from the industrial area. This has helped in the regeneration process of the area.

The authorities are now planning many changes there, such as eliminating heavy traffic from the port area (where the center is located) and creating sporting and recreation areas. Also new building projects are being planned - a reflection of the Niemeyer Centre effect. This area is now called La Isla de la Innovación[8] (The Island of the Innovation).[9]

It is being developed by the Government of the Principality of Asturias and the Government of Spain. It will provide for the economic and urban regeneration of a degraded area as part of a process of industrial transformation: the Avilés estuary, situated in Asturias, northern Spain.

Niemeyer Effect

Thanks to the architecture and the cultural project, a number of artists became interested in the Centre.[10] Brad Pitt, a follower of Oscar Niemeyer’s work visited the town to see the works[11] and increased the publicity of the Asturian cultural complex. Other Hollywood stars such as Kevin Spacey, visited the town several times in collaboration with the center (premieres, conferences, and theatre plays).[12] The collaboration between different world personalities (artists, Nobel Prize winners, United Nations meetings, etc.) made Centro Niemeyer the "Spanish cultural institution with more presence in national and international media" in 2011.[13]

A year later, the area around the Centre prepared for the arrival of the first commercial cruise in Avilés' history. An Oriental Garden next to the estuary receives the arriving visitors. There are plans to create a bigger recreation port to increase tourism.[14]

The Centre has also inspired several sweets, such as: Niemeyitas, Cúpulas de Avimeyer (Avimeyer domes), etc.[15] The short film Keres by Alfonso S. Suarez was recorded at the Centre.[16] Several car companies have also used the buildings to promote their latest cars.[17] Also a fashion magazine used it as background for a photographic session in 2011.[18]

Meeting point for knowledge

Oscar Niemeyer's vision is based on three pillars: education, culture and peace. The Centre tries to be a magnet for the three elements. The Centre also tries to combine international and national events.

G8 of culture

In December 2007, the Foundation organized the First Worldwide Forum of International Cultural Centres in Avilés, Asturias (also known as the G8 of Culture) with eight international cultural centers: Lincoln Center of New York (USA), Barbican Centre of London(UK), Sydney Opera House, Centre Georges Pompidou of Paris (France), Library of Alexandria, Tokyo International Forum(Japan) and Hong Kong Cultural Center (China) and the Cultural Centre Óscar Niemeyer of Asturias (Spain).[19]

Production

The exhibition Luz by Carlos Saura was a production by Centro Niemeyer. The center co-produced Utopía by María Pagés, and, in association with other institutions, co-commissioned and produced Richard III by Sam Mendes with Kevin Spacey in the main role. This play was part of the Bridge Project between the Brooklyn Academy of Music, the Old Vic Theatre in London, and the British producer Neal Street.[20] Asturias was one of the few places in the world where it was presented, adding Aviles to a list of names such as London, Naples, Istanbul, Athens, San Francisco, and New York.[21]

Education

The Centre has organised different educational activities such as those in collaboration with the Kevin Spacey Foundation, or María Pagés. Students of different ages had the opportunity to use the meeting place for learning and activities such as performing in Broadway play.[22] It was also one of the stops of the Ruta Quetzal in 2011[23]

Film Centre

One of the permanent activities of the Niemeyer Centre will be the Film Centre. Woody Allen proposed the idea to the Principality of Asturias' Government following several visits to Asturias. He has publicly supported the Avilés' Centre, visiting the town and including bits of it in his first film shot in Spain (Vicky Cristina Barcelona'' 2008). In October 2008, the European Film Academy (EFA) announced that it will collaborate with the Niemeyer Centre's Film for a permanent cinema in the Multipurpose Building.[24] Seat number seven in the fifth row bears Woody Allen's name. He inaugurated the cinema in 2011.[25] There is a second seat dedicated to Volker Schlöndorff.[26] The Film Centre works on films on themes, such as the United Nations, etc., but also shows premieres, and short-films.