Madhusudan Rao

Madhusudan Rao (19 January 1853 - 28 December 1912) was an Odia poet and writer from India. He was known as Bhaktakavi.

Madhusudan Rao
Born(1853-01-19)19 January 1853
Puri, Odisha India
Died28 December 1912(1912-12-28) (aged 59)
OccupationPoet, essayist
NationalityIndian
GenrePoetry
Notable worksPrabandhamala
ChildrenAbanti Rao
RelativesReba Ray (niece)

Life

Madhusudan Rao was born on 29 January 1853 in Puri, Odisha. His father was an employee of the Orissa police department, with many transfers to different places. As a result, Madhusudan took his school education from schools in different parts of Odisha - Gop, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar and Puri. After passing his FA from Ravenshaw College in 1871, he stopped studying, as, at the time, there were no colleges or other facilities offering a B. A. in the whole of Odisha. He started a career as a teacher in 1871. He taught at various places. in 1890, he became Deputy Inspector of Education.

He died on 28 December 1912.[1]

Works

He is popularly known in Odisha as Bhaktakavi. According to the Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature, he is considered the father of modern Odia poetry. His Prabandhamala, published in 1880, is considered the first collection of essays in Odia.[2][3]

He started his literary career as an essayist. In 1873, he translated a few works from Sanskrit and English into Odia. They were published in Utkal Darpan, a literary journal. In collaboration with Radhanath Ray, he published two volumes of collections of poems entitled Kavitabali in 1873 and 1874 respectively. They heralded a new era in Odia poetry. In this collection, Rao replaced the old lyrical forms like chautisa, koili, boli, padia, etc., with western forms like the ode, the elegy, the sonnet, etc. His other poetry collections, which also consist of compositions used as lyrics for songs, comprise Chhandamala (Vol. 1, 188; Vol. 2, 1895), Sangitamala (1894), Basanta Gatha (1910), Kusumanjali (1903) and Utkalgatha (1908). He wrote two short stories. He translated the Uttararamacarita of Bhavabhuti into Odia. He also contributed to children's literature.[2]

  • Rao, Madhusudan, (1898). Chandamala (in Odia). The Arunodya Press. OCLC 499869715.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  • Rao, Madhusudan, (1901). Mahadebi Bhiktoria (in Odia). The Utkal Sahitya Press. OCLC 499865497.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  • Rao, Madhusudan, (1983). Madhusudana granthabali (in Odia). Grantha Mandira. OCLC 499128674.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  • Rao, Madhusudan, (1912). Ucca siksaka suhrda (in Odia). OCLC 1046989696.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  • Rao, Madhusudan, (1922). Karnna badha (in Odia). The Brajendra Press. OCLC 499865888.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  • Rao, Madhusudan, (1983). Basanta Gatha (in Odia). Phrends Pablisars. OCLC 499610376.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  • Rao, Madhusudan, (1944). Barnabodha (in Odia). The I.S.S.D. Press. OCLC 499519106.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  • Rao, Madhusudan,; Kabi, Asita, (1972). Kusumañjali : alocana saha (in Odia). Niushtudentas Shtora. OCLC 6304045.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)

References
  1. Binod Sankar Das (1986). Glimpses of Orissa. Punthi Pustak. p. 138. Retrieved 5 March 2018.
  2. Mohan Lal (2007). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Navaratri-Sarvasena. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. pp. 3585–3586. ISBN 81-260-1003-1.CS1 maint: ignored ISBN errors (link)
  3. Swarupa Gupta (30 October 2017). Cultural Constellations, Place-Making and Ethnicity in Eastern India, c. 1850-1927. Boston: BRILL. p. 80. ISBN 978-90-04-34976-6. Retrieved 5 March 2018.
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