Louis I, Duke of Bourbon

Louis I, called the Lame (1279 22 January 1341) was Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis and La Marche and the first Duke of Bourbon.

Louis I
Duke of Bourbon
Born1279
Died1341 (aged 6162)
SpouseMary of Avesnes
IssuePeter I, Duke of Bourbon
Joanna, Countess of Forez
Margaret of Bourbon
Marie, Latin Empress
Philip of Bourbon
James of Bourbon
James I, Count of La Marche
Beatrice, Queen of Bohemia
HouseBourbon
FatherRobert, Count of Clermont
MotherBeatrix of Burgundy

Life

Louis was born in Clermont-en-Beauvaisis, the son of Robert, Count of Clermont, and a grandson of King Louis IX of France.[1] Louis' mother was Beatrix of Burgundy, heiress of Bourbon and a granddaughter of Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy.[1]

He fought on the losing side in the Battle of the Golden Spurs (1302)[2] and in the Battle of Mons-en-Pévèle (1304), but managed to escape unharmed. In 1310, he was made Grand Chambrier of France. In 1327, Charles IV of France persuaded him to exchange the County of Clermont for that of La Marche, and elevated Bourbon to a duchy-peerage.[3] However, Clermont was restored to him by Philip VI of France in 1331. He belonged to Philip VI's small circle of trusted advisors.

Duke Louis is reported to have been somewhat mentally unstable, in particular suffering from nervous breakdowns. The trait is believed to have been hereditary, with his granddaughter Joanna of Bourbon, her son, King Charles VI of France, and Charles' grandson, King Henry VI of England, all displaying similar symptoms.

He was buried in the now-demolished church of the Couvent des Jacobins in Paris.

Family and children

In 1310, Louis married Mary of Avesnes,[4] daughter of John II of Avesnes, Count of Hainaut and Holland by Philippa of Luxembourg. They had eight children:

  1. Peter I, Duke of Bourbon (13111356), married Isabella of Valois, had issue. Peter was killed at the Battle of Poitiers.[5]
  2. Joanna (13121402), married in 1324 Guigues VII, Count of Forez
  3. Margaret (13131362), married on 6 July 1320 Jean II de Sully, married in 1346 Hutin de Vermeilles
  4. Marie of Bourbon, Latin Empress (13151387, Naples), married first in Nicosia in January 1330 Guy of Lusignan (d. 1343), titular Prince of Galilee,[6] married second on 9 September 1347 Robert of Taranto, the titular Latin Emperor.[6]
  5. Philip (1316 aft. 1327)
  6. James (1318)
  7. James I, Count of La Marche (1319 1362), killed at the Battle of Brignais, from whom the later royal Bourbons descend.
  8. Beatrice of Bourbon (1320 23 December 1383, Danvillers), married first at Vincennes in 1334 John of Luxembourg, King of Bohemia as his second wife,[7] married secondly c. 1347 Eudes II of Grancey (d. 1389)

From a relation to Jeanne de Bourbon-Lancy, dame de Clessy, he had several illegitimate children:

  • Jean (ca. 1297-1375), "bastard de Bourbon"", knight, seigneur of Rochefort, Ébreuil, Beçay le Guérant, Bellenave, Jenzat, Serrant and la Bure, advisor to the dukes of Berry and of Bourbon, lieutenant du Forez, married Agnès Chaleu for his third wife;
  • "N" (eldest daughter), married to Girard of Châtillon-en-Bazois in 1317;
  • Guy (vers 1299-1349), seigneur of Clessy, la Ferté-Chauderon and Montpensier (Louis recognized him as his child in 1346, but the child was taken from him that same year). Married in 1315 Agnès of Chastellus, then between 1330 and 1333 Isabelle of Chastelperron;
  • Jeannette, bâtarde de Bourbon, married in 1310 to Guichard of Chastellus.

In fiction

Louis is a supporting character in Les Rois maudits (The Accursed Kings), a series of French historical novels by Maurice Druon. He was portrayed by Robert Nogaret in the 1972 French miniseries adaptation of the series, and by M. Radecu in the 2005 adaptation.

Notes

  1. Viard 1937, p. 223.
  2. Verbruggen 2002, p. 56.
  3. Henneman, Jr. 1995, p. 138.
  4. Warner 2016, p. v.
  5. Nicolle 2004, p. 65.
  6. Topping 1975, p. 132.
  7. Boehm & Fajt 2005, p. xvi.

References

  • Boehm, Barbara Drake; Fajt, Jiri, eds. (2005). Prague: The Crown of Bohemia, 1347-1437. Yale University Press.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Henneman, Jr., John Bell (1995). "Bourbon/Bourbonnais". In Kibler, William W.; Zinn, Grover A. (eds.). Medieval France: An Encyclopedia. Garland Publishing Inc.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Nicolle, David (2004). Poitiers 1356: The capture of a king. Osprey publishing.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Topping, Peter (1975). "The Morea, 1311–1364". In Hazard, Harry W. (ed.). A History of the Crusades, Vol. III: The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries. University of Wisconsin Press.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Verbruggen, J. F. (2002). DeVries, Kelly (ed.). The Battle of the Golden Spurs (Courtrai, 11 July 1302): A Contribution to. Translated by Ferguson, David Richard. The Boydell Press.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Viard, J. (1937). Grande Chroniques de France (in French). IX. Librairie Ancienne Honore Champion.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Warner, Kathryn (2016). Isabella of France: The Rebel Queen. Amberley Publishing.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Preceded by
Robert
Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis
13171327
Vacant
New title Duke of Bourbon
13271342
Succeeded by
Peter I
Vacant
Title last held by
Charles the Fair
Count of La Marche
13271342
Vacant Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis
13311342

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