List of state leaders in 1879

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1879.

Africa

Ashanti Confederacy – Mensa Bonsu Kumaa, Asantehene (1874–1883)
Kingdom of Benin - Adolo (1848-1888)
Bornu Empire - Umar of Borno (1837-1881)
Kingdom of Burundi – Mwezi IV Gisabo (1852–1908)
Kingdom of Dahomey – Glele (1856–1889)
Ethiopian Empire – Yohannes IV (1871–1889)
Kingdom of Kaffa -
Kingdom of Kongo - Pedro V of Kongo (1859-1891)
Liberia – Anthony W. Gardiner, President of Liberia (1878–1883)
Opobo - Jaja (1869-1887)[1]
Sokoto Caliphate
- Caliph – Mu'adh bin Bello (1877–1881)
- Grand Vizier - Abdullah bin Muhammad Fodiye (c.1874–1886)
Urambo - Mirambo (1860-1884)
Kingdom of Wala -
Wassoulou Empire - Samori Ture (1878-1898)
Zabarima (emirate) - Babatu
Sultanate of Zanzibar – Barghash bin Said (1870–1888)
Zulu – Cetshwayo kaMpande, King of the Zulu (1872–1884)

Asia

Emirate of Afghanistan –

Sher Ali Khan (1868–1879)
Mohammad Yaqub Khan (1879)
Mohammad Jan, minister regent (1879)

- Ghazni
  1. Declared independence on 24 December
  2. Musa Jan Khan, Emir of Ghazni (1879–1880)
Kingdom of Burma – Thibaw Min (1878–1885)
Kingdom of Cambodia – Norodom (1860–1904)
Kingdom of Champasak – Kham Suk (1863–1900)
China (Qing dynasty) – Guangxu Emperor (1875–1908)
Indian subcontinent, current day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh – Victoria, Empress of India (1876–1901)
Empire of Japan
- Monarch – Emperor Meiji (1867–1912)
- Chancellor of the Realm – Sanjō Sanetomi (1871–1885)
- Ryukyu Domain – Shō Tai, King of Ryukyu (1848–11 March 1879)
  - Fully annexed into Japan as Okinawa Prefecture; monarchy ended.
Joseon (Korea) – Gojong (1864–1907, Emperor after 1897)
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang – Unkham (1868–1895)
Kingdom of Nepal – Surendra Bikram Shah Deva (1847–1881)
Sultanate of Oman – Turki bin Said (1871–1888)
Rajpipla State - Gambhirsinhji II (1860-1897)
Siam – Chulalongkorn (Rama V), King of Siam (1868–1910)
Đại Nam (Nguyễn dynasty) – Tự Đức, Emperor (1847–1883)

Europe

Andorra – Patrice de Mac-Mahon, Duke of Magenta (President of France) and Josep Caixal i Estradé (Bishop of Urgel), co-Princes (1873–1879 and 1853–1879)
Austria-Hungary – Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848–1916)
- Minister-President of Austria -
1. Prince Adolf of Auersperg (1871–1879)
2. Count Eduard von Taaffe (1879–1893)
- Minister-President of Hungary - Kálmán Tisza (1875–1890)
Belgium
- Monarch – Léopold II, King of the Belgians (1865–1909)
- Cabinet Chief - Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt (1868–1870, 1878–1884)
Principality of Bulgaria – Alexander I Joseph (1879–1886)
Kingdom of Denmark
- Monarch – Christian IX (1863–1906)
- Prime Minister – Jacob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup (1875–1894)
French Third Republic –
- President -
  1. Patrice de Mac-Mahon, Duke of Magenta (1873–1879)
  2. Jules Grévy (1879–1887)
- President of the Council -
  1. Jules Dufaure (1877–1879)
  2. William Henry Waddington (1879)
  3. Charles de Freycinet (1879–1880)
Germany -
- Monarch – Wilhelm I, German Emperor (1871–1888)
- Chancellor - Otto von Bismarck (1871–1890)
- see List of German rulers in 1879
Kingdom of Greece –
- Monarch – George I (1863–1913)
- Prime Minister - Alexandros Koumoundouros (1878–1880)
Holy See – Pope Leo XIII (1878–1903)
Kingdom of Italy
- Monarch – Umberto I (1878–1900)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Agostino Depretis (1878–1879)
  2. Benedetto Cairoli (1879–1881)
Principality of Liechtenstein – Johann II (1858–1929)
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
- Monarch – William III of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
- Prime Minister - Félix de Blochausen (1874–1885)
Principality of Monaco – Charles III (1856–1889)
Principality of Montenegro – Nicholas I (1860–1910/1918/1921)
Netherlands -
- Monarch – William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
- Chairman of the Dutch Council of Ministers -
  1. Jan Kappeyne van de Coppello (1877–1879)
  2. Theo van Lynden van Sandenburg (1879–1883)
Sweden–Norway – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway - Oscar II (1872–1905)
Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
- Sultan - Abdul Hamid II (1876–1909)
- Grand Vizier -
  1. Hayreddin Pasha (1878–1879)
  2. Ahmed Arifi Pasha (1879)
Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves
- Monarch – Luís I (1861–1889)
- President of the Council of Ministers -
  1. António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo (1878–1879)
  2. Anselmo José Braamcamp (1879–1881)
United Principalities (Romania) – Carol I (1866–1881/1914)
Russian Empire – Alexander II (1855–1881)
San Marino - Camillo Bonelli and Pietro Berti, Captains Regent (1878–1879)
Principality of Serbia – Milan II (1868–1882/1889)
Kingdom of Spain –
- Monarch – Alfonso XII of Spain (1875–1885)
- Prime Minister
  1. Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1874–1875, 1875–1879, 1879–1881, 1884–1885, 1890–1892, 1895–1897)
  2. Arsenio Martínez-Campos y Antón (1879)
  3. Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1874–1875, 1875–1879, 1879–1881, 1884–1885, 1890–1892, 1895–1897)
Kingdom of Sweden – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
- Monarch – Oscar II (1872–1907)
- Prime Minister - Louis Gerhard De Geer (1876–1880)
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland –
- Monarch – Victoria (1837–1901)
- Prime Minister - Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (1868, 1874–1880)

Middle East and North Africa

Abu Dhabi – Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1855–1909)
Khedivate of Egypt –
- Monarch -
  1. Isma'il (1867–1879)
  2. Tawfiq (1879–1892)
Sultanate of Morocco – Hassan I (1873–1894)
Sultanate of Oman – Turki ibn Sa'id (1871–1888)
Persia (Qajar dynasty) – Nasir ed-Din (1848–1896)
Beylik of Tunis (Under Ottoman Empire suzerainty) - Muhammad as-Sadiq (1859–1882)

North America and the Caribbean

Canada -
- Monarch – Victoria, Queen of Canada (1837–1901)
- Governor-General - Marquess of Lorne (1878–1883)
- Prime Minister – John A. Macdonald (1867–1891)
Costa Rica – Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez, President of Costa Rica (1877–1882)
Dominican Republic – Council of Secretaries of State (1878–1879)
El Salvador – Rafael Zaldívar, President of El Salvador (1876–1885)
Guatemala – Justo Rufino Barrios, President of Guatemala (1873–1885)
Haiti –
1. Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal, President of Haiti (1876–1879)
Honduras – Marco Aurelio Soto, President of Honduras (1876–1883)
Mexico - Porfirio Díaz, President of Mexico (1876–1880)
Nicaragua –
1. Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Alfaro, President of Nicaragua (1875–1879)
2. ???
United States - Rutherford B. Hayes, President of the United States (1877–1881)

Oceania

Easter Island - Alexander Ariipaea Salmon (1878-1888)
Kingdom of Hawaii – Kalākaua (1874–1891)
Mangareva – Bernardo Putairi, Regent of Mangareva (1873–1881)
Niue – Tui-toga, King of Niue (1875–1887)
Samoa – Malietoa Talavou Tonumaipe’a, Malietoa (1860–1880)
Tahiti –
1. Pōmare IV, Queen of Tahiti (1827–1877)
2. Pōmare V, King of Tahiti (1877–1880)
Tonga –
- Monarch – George Tupou I, King of Tonga (1845–1893)
- Prime Minister - Tevita 'Unga (1876–1880)

South America

Argentina – Nicolás Avellaneda, President of Argentina (1874–1880)
Bolivia – Hilarión Daza, Provisional President of Bolivia (1876–1879)
Empire of Brazil –
- Monarch – Pedro II (1831–1889)
- President of the cabinet of ministers - João Lins Cansanção, Viscount of Sinimbu (1878–1880)
Chile – Aníbal Pinto, President of Chile (1876–1881)
Colombia – Julián Trujillo Largacha, President of Colombia (1878–1880)
Ecuador – Ignacio de Veintemilla, Supreme Chief of Ecuador (1876–1878/1883)
Paraguay – Cándido Bareiro, President of Paraguay (1878–1880)
Peru –
1. Mariano Ignacio Prado, President of Peru (1876–1879)
2. ???
Uruguay –
1. Lorenzo Latorre, President of Uruguay (1876–1879)
2. Francisco Antonino Vidal, President of Uruguay (1879)
3. Lorenzo Latorre, President of Uruguay (1879–1880)
Venezuela – Jacinto Gutiérrez Martínez, acting President of Venezuela (1878–1879)

References

Sylvanus John Sodienye Cookey King Jaja of the Niger Delta: His Life and imes 1821-1891

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[1] Sylvanus John Sodienye Cookey King Jaja of the Niger Delta: His Life and imes 1821-1891