List of foreign recipients of the Légion d'Honneur by decade

The Legion of Honour [lower-alpha 1] (French: Légion d'honneur) is the highest decoration in France and is divided into five degrees in ascending order: Chevalier (Knight), Officier (Officer), Commandeur (Commander), Grand Officier (Grand Officer) and Grand Croix (Grand Cross).

Membership in the Legion is restricted to French nationals.[1] Foreign citizens who have served France or the ideals it upholds[2] may, however, receive a distinction of the Legion, which is broadly equivalent to membership, and can be awarded at any of the ranks. Foreign nationals who live in France are submitted to the same requirements as French nationals.

A complete list of the members of the Legion from 1802, when the award was established, does not exist. The number of awards is estimated at one million. Approximately 3,000 of these were awarded at the most senior rank of Grand Cross (including 1,200 French nationals).[3]

List of recipients

1880 to 1889

1900 to 1909

1910 to 1919
  • Annie Mistrick (nee Brewer). Nurse who served in a French hospital and ambulance group in Europe throughout World War I, often near the front line. Also awarded the Croix de Guerre.[9]
  • Lieutenant Colonel William Joseph Robert Cheeseman (1917). Awarded for gallantry during World War I while serving in France in the 53rd Battalion, AIF. Also awarded the MC and DSO[10][11]
  • Lieutenant Colonel James Waddell (1915), New Zealand born officer in the French Foreign Legion during World War I (Chevalier 1915, Officier 1917. Commandeur 1920)[6]
  • Major General Robert Young CB CMG DSO (1916), New Zealand Army officer in recognition of services on Gallipoli[12][13]
  • Major Norman Frederick Hastings DSO (1916), New Zealand Army officer in recognition of services on Gallipoli[12][13]
  • Major General Sir George Spafford Richardson KBE (1916), New Zealand Army officer attached to the Royal Navy Division on Gallipoli[14][15]
  • Brigadier General Robert O'Hara Livesay CMG DSO (1917), British Army officer attached to the New Zealand Division on the Western Front during World War I[16][17]
  • Major General George Napier Johnston CB, CMG, DSO (1917), New Zealand Army officer and Commander New Zealand Division Artillery in France during World War I[16][18][19]
  • Major General Sir William Sinclair-Burgess KBE, CB, CMG, DSO (1917), a New Zealand Army Officer attached to the Australian Army Artillery in France during World War I[16][20][21]
  • Lieutenant Colonel William Avery Bishop VC, DSO, MC, DFC (1918), (Canada), Air Marshal and highest scoring Canadian ace of the First World War; appointed Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur[22]
  • Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hellier Davies Evans DSO (1919), Commander of the New Zealand Cyclist Corps on the Western Front during World War I[23][24]
  • Brigadier James Hargest CBE DSO (and two bars) MC ED MP (1919), New Zealand Army officer on the Western Front during World War I[25][26]
  • Major Henry Whitehorn (1919), New Zealand Army officer who served in the Sinai during World War I[27][28]
  • Major General Sir Andrew Hamilton Russell KCB KCMG (1919), New Zealand Army officer and Commander of the New Zealand Division on the Western Front during World War I[20][25][23]
  • Colonel Robert Logan CB (1919), New Zealand Army officer and Administrator of Samoa during World War I in "recognition of valuable services"[29][30][31]
  • Edith Mary Pye Legion d'honneur (1919) for running maternity hospital in Chalons-sur-Marne for duration of WW1, OBE Officer of the British Empire - for services to Obstetrics & Gynecology as president of the Royal College of Obs & Gyny 1929-1949[32][33]

1920 to 1929

1930 to 1939

1940 to 1949

1950 to 1959
French President Vincent Auriol presenting Eleanor Roosevelt with the Legion of Honor during his visit to the Roosevelt estate at Hyde Park, New York (April 4, 1951)

1960 to 1969
  • Víctor Manuel Villaseñor (1962), (México), politician and industrialist, received Commandeur 1962[50][51]

1970 to 1979
  • May Arida (1978) (Lebanon), supporter of the arts and international exchange.

1980 to 1989
  • Orson Welles (1982, Commander) (United States), actor, writer, director and producer[52]
  • Rand Araskog (1987), (US), American executive[53]
  • Manuel Noriega (1987), (Panama), General commander of the Panamanian Defense Force[54]
  • Marechal Francisco da Costa Gomes. 1984 -Grã-Cruz da Ordre National de la Légion d'Honneur.

1990 to 1999
  • Arturo Uslar Pietri (1990), (Venezuela), intellectual, lawyer, journalist, writer, television producer and politician. He won the Prince of Asturias Award (1990)
  • Douglas Johnson (1990, 1997), (UK), British historian of France
  • General Norman Schwarzkopf Jr., (1991, Grand Officer), (US), Commander of Operation Desert Storm.
  • Garo Vanian (1993), (Sudan), awarded Chevalier as President Director General of Ararat International for grand merits
  • Raj Reddy (1994), (US), Carnegie Mellon professor and computer scientist[55]
  • Ivan Ceresnjes (1994), head of the Jewish community of Bosnia and Hercegovina, for non-sectarian humanitarian relief work during the Bosnian War.
  • Richard Jenrette (1996), (US) investment banker[56]
  • Ross Steele (1996), (Australia), author and academic, received the title of Chevalier[57][58]
  • Pete Goss (1997), (UK), MBE, yachtsman who rescued fellow competitor Raphaël Dinelli in the 1996 Vendée Globe sailing race[59]
  • Pamela Harriman (1997, Grand Cross), (US) United States Ambassador to France.
  • Harry Patch (1998), (UK) Britain's last surviving First World War veteran. Appointed Officer in 2009[60]
  • Frederick John Harris (1999) (UK), was awarded the Légion d'Honneur at 102 years old for his service in the Royal Horse Artillery during the First World War.

2000 to 2009
  • Toomas Hendrik Ilves (2001) (Estonia), President; Commander of the Légion d'Honneur.
  • Quincy Jones (2001) (US), the American record producer and musician[61]
  • Beatrice Rangoni Machiavelli (2001) (Italy), Officer of the Légion d'Honneur. Service to the European Union.[62]
  • Guadalupe Loaeza (2003) (Mexico), writer, received the title of Chevalier[63]
  • Henry Allingham (2003) (UK), world's oldest man and oldest British First World War veteran at the time of his death (appointed Chevalier in 2003 and promoted to Officier in 2009)[64][65]
  • Vahid Halilhodžić (2004), former Bosnian football player, now successful football manager, received his Légion d'Honneur on 23 July 2004, during his tenure as manager of PSG[66]
  • Martin Scorsese (2005) (US), film director and advocate of film preservation[67]
  • Vladimir Putin (2006) (Russia), President of Russian Federation[68]
  • Lt. Col. Herbert E. Carter (2006) (US), Tuskegee Airman, for his outstanding service during the liberation of France during World War II; presented by former French President Jacques Chirac[69]
  • Valentino Garavani (2006) (Italy), Italian fashion designer[70]
  • Professor John Dunmore CMNZ (2007), prominent New Zealand academic, author on French history in the Pacific and long-time president of the New Zealand Federation des Alliances Francaises[71]
  • Amitabh Bachchan (2007) (India), actor and Bollywood star[72]
  • Lata Mangeshkar (2007) (India), singer[73]
  • Im Kwon-taek (2007) (South Korea), film director[74]
  • HRH Galyani Vadhana (2007) (Thailand), was decorated with the Grand Officer[75][76]
  • Clint Eastwood (2007) (US), film actor and director[77]
  • Rogerio Walter Carreira (2007) (Portugal), President de Societe, was awarded the Chevalier of the Légion d'Honneur by French President Jacques Chirac[78]
  • David Lynch (2007) (US), film director[79]
  • Barbra Streisand (2007, Officer) (US) Singer and actress.
  • Festus Mogae (2008) (Botswana), the President[80]
  • Íngrid Betancourt (2008) (Colombia), a Colombian-French politician, released after six years of captivity under the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC)[81]
  • Kutateladze Samson (2008) (Georgia), Brigade General Member of Parliament
  • Shimon Peres (2008) (Israel), the President[82]
  • Giorgio Armani (2008) (Italy), internationally renowned Italian fashion, furniture, and accessories designer[83]
  • Miriam Were (2008) (Kenya), health advocate[84]
  • Randa Habib (2008) (Lebanon), the Lebanese-French director of Agence France Presse's office in Amman, Jordan[81]
  • Dame Ellen MacArthur (2008) (UK), a sailor who previously held the record for the fastest solo circumnavigation of the globe in a yacht[85]
  • Charles Durning (2008) (US), actor, in recognition of his service with distinction during World War II in France[86]
  • Alain Frecon (2008) (US), honorary consul of France, Minnesota[87]
  • Steven Spielberg (2008) (US), film director, studio executive, and producer[88]
  • David Cronenberg (2009) (Canada), film director whose credits include Crash and The Fly; appointed Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
  • Milva (Maria Ilva Biolcati) (2009) (Italy), Italian singer and actress, received the title of Chevalier of the Légion of Honour on 11 September 2009 for her contributions to French culture[89]
  • William G. Dabney (2009) (US), U.S. Army Corporal, 320th Barrage Balloon Battalion, the only all-black unit in the World War II D-Day landing
  • Dame Carol Kidu (2009) (Papua New Guinea), received the title of Chevalier, for her efforts in promoting human rights. She was the first Papua New Guinean citizen to receive the award[90][91]
  • Veran Matić (2009) (Serbia), Serbian journalist and editor-in-chief of B92 "for the fight he has always led for independence and freedom of the media"[92]
  • Ružica Đinđić (2009) (Serbia), Serbian humanitarian, widow of Prime Minister of Serbia Zoran Đinđić "because of her active work at the foundation she heads"[92]
  • John Galliano (2009) (UK), Gibraltarian British couture designer, creative director of Christian Dior[93]
  • J. K. Rowling (2009) (UK), British author, writer of the Harry Potter series[94][95]
  • Ralph L. Bourgeois MD (2009) (US), Captain US Army 91st Medical Gas Treatment Battalion & Mobile Field Surgical Hospital, WW II D-Day at Utah Beach contributions to the liberation of the French Republic; and French language preservation via 'Council for Development of French in Louisiana' (CODOFIL)[96]
  • James T. Conway (2009) (US), General, United States Marine Corps Commandant[97]
  • William "Bill" Bruce Overstreet, Jr. (2009) (US), USAAF, WWII fighter pilot, with the 357th FG, 363rd FS. The "Yoxford Boys". Flew a P-51 "Mustang", named "Berlin Express". Only known Allied fighter pilot to turn in a kill while flying under the "Eiffel Tower" in Paris chasing a German Me-109. Chevalier medal, presented by Ambassador to the US Pierre Vimont at the D-Day Memorial 8 December 2009, Bedford, VA US. Vimont said of Bill Overstreet in his speech that the Legion of Honour is "The sign of my country's exceptional recognition of Captain Overstreet's heroic contribution to the liberation of France."[98][99][100][101][102]
  • Robert O. Paxton (2009) (US), Historian recognised for his expertise on the Vichy regime in France during World War II[103]
  • Steve Pisanos (2009) (US), Colonel, World War II fighter pilot who, after he was shot down, participated with the French Resistance[104]
  • Peter Sloboda (2009) (US), Army veteran of World War II – for valour and bravery during the D-Day landings, Chevalier of the Legion of Honour 2009[105]
  • Settimeo Tiberio (2009) (US), decorated World War II veteran recognised for his valour during the D-Day invasion[106][107]
  • Colonel Frederick C. Clinton, April 2009, Decorated World War II Army veteran recognized for his combat actions in the Colmar Pocket battles of January–February 1945 as a member of D Company, 254th Infantry Regiment attached to the 3rd Infantry Division.
  • Violette Verdy (2009) (France)
  • Francis Culotta (2009) (US), decorated Second Lieutenant Army veteran of World War II - Recognized for "Operation Dragoon," the invasion of southern France on Aug. 15, 1944, called the "forgotten D-Day." As Platoon Leader in Cannon Company, 143d Infantry Regiment, 36th Infantry Division, Mr. Culotta was wounded four times in France, but he and his unit pushed on through the Siegfried Line, a massive defensive wall on the German border. [108][109]

2010 to 2019
  • Roy Alan McWilliams (Born 1924) (2012) US WW ll Battle of the Bulge for saving the lives of French Villagers.
  • Marie Chatardová (born 1963). Czech Ambassador to France (2010-2016). Commander.[110]
  • Orlow "Buzz" Freeman Garrett (2010), American graphic artist; U.S. Army, 3rd Infantry Division, I Company, 30th Regiment (WWII)[111] Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur.
  • Toni Morrison (2010), "the greatest American woman novelist of her time" -Mitterrand 2010[112]
  • Mehriban Aliyeva (2010), Azerbaijan's first lady[113]
  • Nigeria-Sunny A. Oluseyi Jegede (2010), past Chairman of the Franco-Nigerian Chamber of Commerce & Industry,
  • Vladimir Spivakov (2011) (Russia), violinist and conductor[114]
  • Joseph Brodsky (2011) (Russia/US), poet and essayist; won 1987 Nobel Prize in Literature[114]
  • Aleksey Venediktov (2011) (Russia), editor-in-chief of Echo of Moscow radio station[114]
  • Sergey Yastrzhembsky (2011) (Russia), diplomat and politician[114]
  • Emir Kusturica (2011), Serbian filmmaker[115]
  • Ambiga Sreenevasan (2011), "for her work in human rights advocacy"[116][117]
  • Iñaki Azkuna (2011) (Spain), Mayor of the city of Bilbao.
  • Same Ekobo Albert (2011) (Cameroun), "Professor of Medecine. Malaria Specialist"[118]
  • Eddy Merckx (2011) (Belgium), most decorated professional cyclist of all time- Comandeur of the Légion d'honneur[119]
  • Aung San Suu Kyi (2012) (Myanmar), politician, Pro-democracy leader; won 1991 Nobel Laureate in peace. Awarded the honor by French Foreign Minister Alain Juppé on 16 January 2012[120]
  • Jacinto Convit (2011) (Venezuela), physician and scientist, known for developing a vaccine in an attempt to fight leprosy and his studies to cure different types of cancer. He was nominated for a Nobel Prize in Medicine for his experimental anti-leprosy vaccine.
  • Carlos Cruz-Diez (2012) (Venezuela), kinetic and op artist. He lives in Paris. He has spent his professional career working and teaching between both Paris and Caracas. His work is represented in museums and public art sites internationally
  • Georg Baselitz (2012), German artist. Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur.
  • Vinton Cerf (2013), American computer scientist, for the invention of the Internet, Officer of the Légion d'honneur.
  • Malvin E. Walker, American Army officer for his service in France in WWII.
  • Nicholas Lamia, United States Navy for his service in France in WWII. He was in the first wave on Omaha Beach. Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur (13 February 2013)
  • Jonathan Fenby, historian and journalist who wrote The General: Charles de Gaulle and the France He Saved[121]
  • Victor Erofeyev, Russian writer (3 October 2013)
  • Gennady Timchenko, Russian-Finnish businessmen (12 October 2013)
  • George Lizanich, American Army Staff Sergeant for his service in France in WWII
  • Frances "Rusty" Rice, b. 1920, American, US Army Nurse in the Battle of the Bulge, Bastogne, France WWII, Chevalier presented 27 December 2014
  • Johnie V. Arnold (2015), US Coast Guard, USS Bayfield (WWII), Normandy, Iwo Jima, Okinawa; Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur, presented in January 2015 at the Arkansas State Capitol by Sujiro Seam, the consul general of France in Houston[122]
  • Joseph Richard Burke, WO2 (ret'd), Canadian Army, WWII veteran, dispatch rider with the Toronto Scottish Regiment. Received award in the rank of Chevalier, 8 August 2015 at Royal Canadian Legion Grandona Branch 124 Iona, Nova Scotia[123]
  • Tommy Gooch (2015), US Army, 90th Infantry Division (WWII), Normandy; Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur, presented in January 2015 at the Arkansas State Capitol by Sujiro Seam, the consul general of France in Houston[122]
  • Greggory Swarz (2015) (US) USAF Staff Sgt. of the 492nd Aircraft Maintenance Unit, for saving three French Airmen from a fiery crash by pulling them from the wreckage and using a tourniquet to save the third airman whose hand was lost in the crash during a NATO training exercise at Los Llanos Air Base, Spain, where he also earned the USAF Airman's Medal[124][125]
  • Yang Ho Cho chairman, Hanjin Group(South Korea), Grand Officier of the Légion d'honneur, presented in November 2015
  • Ronald Oxley (2015) (UK), b. 1923, former Petty Officer in the Royal Navy, for his role delivering ambulances to Omaha Beach on D-Day, in landing craft LCT 727.
  • Cedrik Wasser, a British veteran, was awarded Chevalier de la legion d'honneur in 2015 by President François Hollande for taking part in the Battle of Normandy and helping the liberation of France.
  • Alan King, a British veteran, had been appointed to the rank of Chevalier in the Ordre National de la Légion d’Honneur in 2015 by President François Hollande in recognition of his involvement in the liberation of France during the Second World War.
  • Robert Vincent Eley was appointed Chevalier in the Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur in November 2015 in recognition of his acknowledged military engagement and steadfast involvement in the Liberation of France during the Second World War.
  • Robert M Gardner (awarded December 2015) for "Invaluable contribution to the liberation of France." Gardner landed on Gold beach during the Normandy Invasion as part of the 49th West Riding Infantry Division. (Polar Bear) and went on to Fontenay-Le-Pesnel where he was involved in a heavy battle with the 12th SS Panzer Division. During this battle he was badly wounded. During his recovery he was nursed by Q.A. Sister Mary, whom later became his wife, and was with him when he received his medal 71 years later.
  • Lance Corporal William Sutherland (born 1921, died 2015) (awarded December 2015) For his contribution to the liberation of France. Posted with the Seaforth Highlanders (51st Division, 2nd Battalion) he was part of the invading forces at Normandy and saw action in Italy and Africa. Sutherland died before he could be presented with his award.
  • Derrick Dighton, a British veteran, was awarded Chevalier de la legion d'honneur in 2016 for his efforts during the D-Day landings.
  • John Mierzejewski, Chevalier, (awarded May 2016), Private 1st Class (US Army), 29th infantry division, 16th infantry regiment, Heavy artillery gunner. Landed on Omaha Beach as part of the second wave of the invasion of Normandy[126]
  • Lionel Barber, Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur, for European journalism[127]
  • Peter Chesney, Gunner, 109 Battery, 33 Field Regiment The Royal Artillery, Battle of Caen in the summer of 1944. Awarded Legion d’Honneur at Hillingdon Hospital's Beaconsfield East Ward on Thursday, 3 November 2016, aged 92.
  • James Edward Clarke (19/01/1925-13/04/2020), Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur, awarded 25th August 2016 for his part in the liberation of France on D-Day 6 June 1944, Royal Marine. Landing Craft. Juno Beach.
  • Frederick Ernest Hart (11 November 2016), from Surrey, aged 92 years, Signalman in the Royal Navy[128]
  • Geoffrey William Penn, appointed Chevalier on 18 November 2016 in recognition of his service during the liberation of France as an officer in the Royal Signals during the Normandy Landings.
  • Yiannis Boutaris, Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur, Mayor of Thessaloniki, Greece. Awarded 5 December 2016
  • Bill Gates and Melinda Gates in April 2017 for their charity effort[129]
  • Frank Edward Whalley QPM (Queen's Police Medal), retired Chief Superintendent with Staffordshire Police and former Commandant of Eynsham Hall Police Training Centre. A Corporal in the Royal Irish Fusiliers during WW11, awarded the Légion d'honneur in 2015, aged 91, in recognition for his part in the D-Day Normandy Landings (Gold Beach).[130]
  • LeRoy M Wagner was appointed Chevalier in the Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur in August 2018, in recognition of his acknowledged military engagement and steadfast involvement in the Liberation of France during the Second World War. Wagner was a Tech Sergeant. 45th Infantry Division, 157th Infantry Regiment, Anti Tank, "The Thunderbirds". Wagner died in December 2017 and was awarded posthumously.
  • Marcus "Stub" Bartusek (9 October 2018) US Army, 106th Infantry Division's 424th Regiment, Company H, 2nd Battalion with whom he participated, endured and survived the Battle of the Bulge and liberation of France in WWII.[131]
  • Russell M. "Russ", "Buddy" Robinson, Roanoke, VA USA (b. April 6, 1923) 2nd and 1st Lt US Army Air Forces WWII bomber pilot. Captain US Army National Guard 30th Division, North Carolina, helicopter pilot until 1964. In WWII Russell was a combat B-24 Liberator Bomber pilot of the ship "Arrowhead". He flew with the 453rd BG (Heavy), 732nd BS (31 missions); 93rd BG (Heavy), 329th BS (3 missions). French President Emmauel Macron of France signed to have the Rank of Chevalier (Knight) of the Legion de Honour bestowed upon Mr. Robinson for missions of a humanitarian nature. Russell and crew flew some missions not carrying bombs, but food stuffs/medicine/blankets for the French refugees returning from Denmark/Holland/Belgium. Missions were as dangerous as carrying bombs, as there was still German fighters and anti aircraft fire. In his absence French President Emmanuel Macron sent the French Military Attache General, and his delegation from the French Consulate in Washington, DC USA to the annual Bernard Marie WWII Dinner to Honor WWII Veterans, Roanoke, VA USA. June 05, 2019 AD.[132][133]
  • Novruz Mammadov, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (2019) for his contribution to the cooperation between Azerbaijan and France.[134]

2020 to present

Notes
  1. The full official name is National Order of the Legion of Honour (French: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour (Ordre royal de la Légion d'honneur).


References
  1. Légion Code, article 16.
  2. Les étrangers qui se seront signalés par les services qu’ils ont rendus à la France ou aux causes qu’elle soutient, Légion Code, art. 128.
  3. WATTEL Michel et Béatrice, Les Grand'Croix de la Légion d'honneur. De 1805 à nos jours, titulaires français et étrangers, Archives et Culture, 2009
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  8. Trenner, Franz (2003) Richard Strauss Chronik, Verlag Dr Richard Strauss Gmbh, Wien, ISBN 3-901974-01-6, page 292.
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