Lewis Ryers Thompson
Lewis Ryers Thompson (August 6, 1883–November 12, 1954) was an American physician who served as Assistant Surgeon General of the United States and as Director of the National Institutes of Health.
Lewis Ryers Thompson | |
|---|---|
| 5th Director of the National Institute of Health | |
| In office 1937 – 1942 | |
| President | Franklin D. Roosevelt |
| Preceded by | George Walter McCoy |
| Succeeded by | Rolla Dyer |
| Personal details | |
| Born | August 6, 1883 Lafayette, Indiana, U.S. |
| Died | November 12, 1954 (aged 71) Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. |
| Resting place | Arlington National Cemetery |
| Nationality | U.S. |
| Alma mater | Louisville Medical College |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Public health |
| Institutions | National Institute of Health Public Health Service |
Early life and education
Thompson was born on 6 August 1883 in Lafayette, Indiana. He completed his MD degree at Louisville Medical College (later absorbed into the University of Louisville), after which he took a position with the Philippine Constabulary.[1]
Public Health Service
Thompson began his career with the United States Public Health Service in 1910, with an appointment as an assistant surgeon.[1] He rose through the ranks of the agency, and by 1930 was the chief of the Division of Scientific Research. In this position, he performed field investigations on a range of public health issues, from childhood nutrition and dental issues to industrial hygiene and stream pollution.[2] He was also appointed Assistant Surgeon General in 1930, a position he would hold until his retirement in 1946.[1]
Apart from his medical and administrative skills, Thompson demonstrated shrewd political talents. He had arranged to slip the future Surgeon General Thomas Parran Jr. onto the 1932 subcommittee of the Science Advisory Committee, against the wishes of the National Academy of Sciences (Parran was not a member). He also used his many connections to learn of a large tract of land which had been offered as a gift to the government, which no agency had accepted; this land would become the new home of the NIH.[3] When the Public Health Service was merged with the NIH in 1937, Thompson was chosen to be the director of the consolidated agency.[2]
Building the new NIH
Thompson had a vision for a greatly expanded role for the National Institutes of Health, which clashed with the more conservative positions of his predecessors, including his immediate predecessor George W. McCoy.[3] He oversaw the move of the NIH to its current site in Bethesda, Maryland, having been the primary mover behind securing funding for the first six buildings.[2] With his old ally Thomas Parran, Thompson assisted in the establishment of the National Cancer Institute as part of the Public Health Service.[4]
Thompson stepped down as director in 1942, but continued to work with the Public Health Service for several years. From 1943 until his retirement, he was associate chief, and then chief, of the agency's Bureau of State Services. During World War II and its aftermath, he was chief of the Medical Division of the United States Strategic Bombing Survey in Japan. He retired from the Public Health Service in late 1946.[1]
After the Public Health Service
After his retirement, Thompson took a position as a scientific director for the Rockefeller Foundation's international health division. He died on 12 November 1954 at the Public Health Service Hospital and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery.[1]
References
- "Obituaries: Ass't Surg. Gen'l Lewis R. Thompson, USPHS, Ret". Military Medicine. 116 (1): 72. January 1, 1955. doi:10.1093/milmed/116.1.72 (inactive March 26, 2020).
- "The NIH Almanac: Lewis Ryers Thompson, M.D." National Institutes of Health.
- Bulger, Ruth Ellen & Reiser, Stanley Joel (1990). Integrity in Health Care Institutions. University of Iowa Press. p. 73. ISBN 9781587290244 – via Google Books.
- Critchlow, Donald T. & VanderMeer, Philip R. (2012). The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Political and Legal History. 1. p. 24. ISBN 9780199754618 – via Google Books.
| Government offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by George W. McCoy |
5th Director of National Institutes of Health 1937 – 1942 |
Succeeded by Rolla Dyer |