Junta (governing body)

Junta (/ˈhʊntə/ or /ˈdʒʌntə/) is a Spanish, Portuguese and Italian (giunta) term for a civil deliberative or administrative council. In English, Military Junta predominantly refers to the government of an authoritarian state run by high-ranking officers of a military.

Not to be confused with military junta.

In Italy a giunta is the civil executive of regions (see Regions of Italy#Institutions) and of municipalities (comune, see Comune#Importance and function).

An earlier, different use of the term in English was the Whig Junto, a political faction in early 18th-century Britain.

It is not related to the Sanskrit word Janatā (also transliterated as Jantā and Juntā), which refers to the public/people/masses.

Since 2014 the word has been used in political propaganda by the Russian authorities to denigrate the government of Ukraine, with terms such as Ukrainskaya, Kievskaya and Banderovskaya (or Benderovskaya) junta being used, among others.[1][2][3]

Historical examples

• Junta (Habsburg)
• Specific to Spain:
  • Name of some of the institutions of government of the autonomous communities of Spain (Regional Government of Andalusia and Junta of Castile and León) or the parliament of the Principality of Asturias (General Junta of the Principality of Asturias)
  • Junta (Peninsular War), 1808–1810
  • Junta acting as jury in Valladolid debate, 1550s
• Argentina:
  • Primera Junta, 1810
  • Junta Grande, 1810s
  • National Reorganization Process, 1970's[4]
• Chile in the 1810s:
  • List of Government Juntas of Chile
• Portugal:
  • National Salvation Junta, ruled 1974−1975, after the Carnation Revolution
  • Junta de freguesia, the executive body of a freguesia (civil parish)
• Other organisations:
  • Junta de Investigación de Accidentes de Aviación Civil, the Argentinian civil aviation accident investigation agency
  • Revolutionary Government Junta, the Salvadoran three-de facto-dictatorship agency
  • Junta Investigadora de Accidentes de Aviación Civil, the former Venezuelan civil aviation accident investigation agency
  • Junta de Aviación Civil, the Dominican Republic civil aviation authority
  • Junta de Administración Portuaria y de Desarrollo Económico de la Vertiente Atlántica de Costa Rica, the Costa Rican Board of Port Administration and Economic Development of the Atlantic Coast
  • Junta (trade unionism), a group of leading British trade unionists in the 1860s

See also

• Military dictatorship
• Coup d'état

References

1. Aleksey Kochetkov. Ukrainskaya junta is (украинская хунта это). Bloody crimes of the Banderovskaya junta. Litres, 2017. ISBN 5040254121, ISBN 9785040254125. (in Russian)
2. Kievskaya junta swims to war (Киевская хунта плывет на войну). Komsomolskaya Pravda. 21 November 2018
3. Andrey Okara. An ideal plan of the Russian Federation in demonization of Kiev (Идеальный план РФ по демонизации Киева). NV (Novoye vremya). 31 July 2015
4. Hoeffel, Paul (March 25, 2016). "Junta takes over in Argentina: archive, 25 March 1976" – via www.theguardian.com.