House of Cotoner

The House of Cotoner is a noble house distinguished in the service of the Spanish Monarchy well into the 20th century.

Cotoner
Grandees of Spain
Country Spain
Founded1370 (1370) [1]
FounderBernardo Cotoner
Current headIñigo Cotoner y Martos
Marquess of Mondejar, Grandee
Titles
  • SMOM, Grand Master
    (non-hereditary)
  • Adeje, Marquess of
  • Amalfi, Duke (GE)
  • Anglesola, Marquess of
  • Ariany, Marquess of
  • Belgida, Marquess of
  • Cenia, Marquess de la (GE)
  • Coruña, Count of
  • Gomera, Count of
  • Mondejar, Marquess of (GE)
  • Sallent, Count of
  • Tendilla, Count of
  • Ugena, Viscount of
  • Villamayor, Marquess of
  • Villardompardo, Count of
Style(s)"HMEH" (non-hereditary)
"His Excellency"
"His Illustriousness"

History

Origins
Location of the Kingdom of Majorca in relation to the other territories that comprised the Crown of Aragon in the 15th century.

The house's origins go back to the Italian city state of Republic of Siena (Italy), also known as "nobile del Cotone'".[2]

In the 13th century, 1202, as Montepulciano took Oath of fealty to the Republic of Florence, documented in Florence, contained the signatures of the "nobile del Cotone'".[3]

It is also documented that in 1237 Abonito del Cotoné was chosen Podestà of Prato.[4]

When the Cotoner family grew in numbers, some of its members left Tuscany and established branches in various other places. Some went to Ascoli, where they founded and built the Castle of Monte Pastillo and others to Sicily, where they held the principality of Castelnuovo and Santa Caterina, keeping the memory of their Signoria del Cotoné in the Republic of Siena.[5]

One of those branches was to become one of the so-called "Nou Cases" (meaning Nine Houses)[6] in the Kingdom of Majorca, for there were nine "nobilis et Antique familiae'". These nine families were also incorporated into the Nobility governing and legislative bodies, like all the other houses, of the Kingdom but differed by the quality of their lineage.[7]

Habsburg Spain

Bernardo Cotoner is first documented in the Kingdom of Majorca when seting up a "beneficio" for the Parish of Santa Eulalia and the again on 1363, acquiring a farmhouse ("alqueria") in Valldemossa. On July 23rd, 1370 Letters patent were issued by Peter IV of Aragon confirming tax exception as well as their nobility for them participants in the conquest and his successors.[1]

His son Nicolas Cotoner y Genovard had three sons: Nicolas, Bernardo y Gabriel Cotoner y Saguals, setting up three distinct branches.[8] Bernardo Cotoner y Saguals earned on July 18th, 1463, for his merits and services, privilege for perpetuity in the "braç militar" of the Kingdom of Mallorca.[9]

Coat of Arms of Raphael y Nicolas Cotoner, Grand Masters of the Order of Malta in the 17th century. Chapel of Saint George, or the Langue of Aragon, Saint John's Co-Cathedral, in the island of Malta.

It will be however, the great-grandson of Nicolas Cotoner y Saguals, Antonio Cotoner y Vallobar who will effectively consolidate the influence of the family. Antonio had been acting in the Res publica of his country, having demonstrated special talents and deserving the trust of the sworn representatives of the city and the Kingdom of Majorca to perform an important commission.[10] Perpetual privilege was issued in October 18th, 1569 effectively knighted 1572 by Philip II of Spain.[1]

Of special relevance, is the historic and close relationship of this family with the Knights Hospitaller also known as Order of Malta with the ascension of Raphael and Nicolas Cotoner to the sovereign dignity of Grand Masters.[11]

Notable members

References
  1. Pardo Manuel de Villena, A. (1932). «Grandes Maestres de la Orden de Malta pertenecientes a las Lenguas de Castilla y Aragón en los siglos 17 y 18 y su intervención en la política internacional de la época». Recepción Pública en la Real Academia de la Historia (Página 42).
  2. Diario Sanese, Girolamo Gigli p.76 - Ref. Origins to the Cotoner lineage in Siena(in Italian)
  3. Diario Sanese, Girolamo Gigli P.77- Ref. Origins to the Cotoner lineage in Florence (in Italian)
  4. Diario Sanese, Girolamo Gigli P.77 - Ref. Origins to the Cotoner lineage in Prato (in Italian)
  5. Diario Sanese, Girolamo Gigli P.77 - Ref. Origins to the Cotoner lineage, other cadet branches (in Italian)
  6. Introducción al estudio de "Sea Nou Cases" (in Spanish)
  7. MONTANER, P. y PORQUERE, E.: Subendogamias en el Mediterráneo, los ejemplos mallorquines de la Aristocracia y de los descendientes de los judíos, Palma 1989, Estudics Balearics, nº 34 p. 82 (in Spanish)
  8. Enciclopedia.Cat - Ref Cotoner y Saguals (in Catalan)
  9. Nobiliario de los reinos de España - Ref. Ciudadano Militar del Reino (in Spanish)
  10. "Biblioteca Digital deles Illes Balears - Bolletí Societat Arqueologica Lulliana (Pag 149) {{in lang|es}}" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2019-03-24.
  11. Biblioteca Digital deles Illes Balears - Bolletí Societat Arqueologica Lulliana (p. 312) (in Spanish)
  12. La Justicia en el Antiguo Reyno de Mallorca - Ref. Antonio Cotoner (in Spanish)
  13. Nobiliario de los reinos y señoríos de España - Ref. Antonio Cotoner (in Spanish)
  14. "Biblioteca Digital de les Illes Balears, p. 219 {{in lang|es}}" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2019-03-31.
  15. Biblioteca de Escritores Baleares - Ref. Bernardo Luis Cotoner (in Spanish)
  16. "Rafael Cotoner y de Oleza - The 60th Grandmaster of The Sovereign Military and Hospitaller Order of St. John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta".
  17. Richards, Brian (2008). Malta (5 ed.). New Holland Publishers. p. 65. ISBN 1-84537-871-7.
  18. Cronicón Mayoricense, noticias y relaciones históricas de Mallorca desde 1229 a 1800 - ref.Marcos Antonio Cotoner y Sureda (in Spanish)
  19. Comentarios de la guerra de España, e historia de su Rey Felipe V - ref. Marcos Antonio Cotoner y Sureda (in Spanish)
  20. Ref. Fernando Cotoner y Chacón(in Spanish)
  21. Puerto Rico y su historia íntima,<rc-c2d-number> 1500-1996</rc-c2d-number>: Siglos XIX y XX - Ref.Fernando Cotoner y Chacón (in Spanish)
  22. Ref - El Teniente General Fernando Cotoner y Chacón, Marqués de la Cenia (in Spanish)
  23. Senado - Expediente personal de Fernando Cotoner y Chacón (in Spanish)
  24. Los jefes de Casa del Rey (in Spanish)
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