HPR (gene)

Haptoglobin-related protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HPR gene.[3][4][5] The HPR gene affects hereditary immunity to a non-pathogenic species of African trypanosomes.[6]

HPR
Identifiers
Aliases	HPR, A-259H10.2, HP, haptoglobin-related protein
External IDs	OMIM: 140210 HomoloGene: 122206 GeneCards: HPR
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 16 (human)[1] Band 16q22.2 Start 72,063,148 bp[1] End 72,077,246 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • hemoglobin binding • serine-type endopeptidase activity Cellular component • spherical high-density lipoprotein particle • extracellular region • extracellular exosome • blood microparticle • extracellular Biological process • receptor-mediated endocytosis • acute inflammatory response • proteolysis • response to organic substance • positive regulation of cell death Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3250	n/a
Ensembl	ENSG00000261701	n/a
UniProt	P00739	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_020995	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	NP_066275	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 16: 72.06 – 72.08 Mb	n/a
PubMed search	[2]	n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

See also

• Haptoglobin
• Trypanosoma brucei: Killing by human serum and resistance to human serum killing

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000261701 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
3. Maeda N (Jul 1985). "Nucleotide sequence of the haptoglobin and haptoglobin-related gene pair. The haptoglobin-related gene contains a retrovirus-like element". J Biol Chem. 260 (11): 6698–709. PMID 2987228.
4. Nielsen MJ, Petersen SV, Jacobsen C, Oxvig C, Rees D, Moller HJ, Moestrup SK (Oct 2006). "Haptoglobin-related protein is a high-affinity hemoglobin-binding plasma protein". Blood. 108 (8): 2846–9. doi:10.1182/blood-2006-05-022327. PMID 16778136.
5. "Entrez Gene: HPR haptoglobin-related protein".
6. Smith AB, Esko JD, Hajduk SL (1995). "Killing of trypanosomes by the human haptoglobin-related protein". Science. 268 (5208): 284–6. doi:10.1126/science.7716520. PMID 7716520.

Further reading

• Erickson LM, Kim HS, Maeda N (1993). "Junctions between genes in the haptoglobin gene cluster of primates". Genomics. 14 (4): 948–58. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(05)80116-8. PMID 1478675.
• Maeda N, McEvoy SM, Harris HF, et al. (1986). "Polymorphisms in the human haptoglobin gene cluster: chromosomes with multiple haptoglobin-related (Hpr) genes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (19): 7395–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.19.7395. PMC 386724. PMID 2876426.
• Bensi G, Raugei G, Klefenz H, Cortese R (1985). "Structure and expression of the human haptoglobin locus". EMBO J. 4 (1): 119–26. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb02325.x. PMC 554159. PMID 4018023.
• Hillier LD, Lennon G, Becker M, et al. (1997). "Generation and analysis of 280,000 human expressed sequence tags". Genome Res. 6 (9): 807–28. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.807. PMID 8889549.
• Tabak S, Lev A, Valansi C, et al. (1997). "Transcriptionally active haptoglobin-related (Hpr) gene in hepatoma G2 and leukemia molt-4 cells". DNA Cell Biol. 15 (11): 1001–7. doi:10.1089/dna.1996.15.1001. PMID 8945641.
• Muranjan M, Nussenzweig V, Tomlinson S (1998). "Characterization of the human serum trypanosome toxin, haptoglobin-related protein". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (7): 3884–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.7.3884. PMID 9461571.
• Raper J, Fung R, Ghiso J, et al. (1999). "Characterization of a novel trypanosome lytic factor from human serum". Infect. Immun. 67 (4): 1910–6. PMC 96545. PMID 10085035.
• Loftus BJ, Kim UJ, Sneddon VP, et al. (1999). "Genome duplications and other features in 12 Mb of DNA sequence from human chromosome 16p and 16q". Genomics. 60 (3): 295–308. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5927. PMID 10493829.
• Xu XR, Huang J, Xu ZG, et al. (2002). "Insight into hepatocellular carcinogenesis at transcriptome level by comparing gene expression profiles of hepatocellular carcinoma with those of corresponding noncancerous liver". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (26): 15089–94. doi:10.1073/pnas.241522398. PMC 64988. PMID 11752456.
• Hatada S, Seed JR, Barker C, et al. (2002). "No trypanosome lytic activity in the sera of mice producing human haptoglobin-related protein". Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 119 (2): 291–4. doi:10.1016/S0166-6851(01)00420-0. PMID 11814582.
• Vanhollebeke B, Nielsen MJ, Watanabe Y, et al. (2007). "Distinct roles of haptoglobin-related protein and apolipoprotein L-I in trypanolysis by human serum". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (10): 4118–23. doi:10.1073/pnas.0609902104. PMC 1820718. PMID 17360487.
• Widener J, Nielsen MJ, Shiflett A, et al. (2007). "Hemoglobin is a co-factor of human trypanosome lytic factor". PLoS Pathog. 3 (9): 1250–61. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0030129. PMC 1971115. PMID 17845074.