Edwin "Pa" Watson

Edwin Martin "Pa" Watson (10 December 1883 – 20 February 1945) was a US Army Major General and a friend and senior aide to President Franklin Roosevelt, serving both as a military advisor and a Appointments secretary, a role that is now encompassed under the duties of the White House Chief of Staff.[1]

Edwin M. Watson
"Pa" Watson (right, in uniform) helping President Roosevelt to stand, in 1939
Nickname(s)	Pa
Born	(1883-12-10)December 10, 1883 Eufaula, Alabama
Died	February 20, 1945(1945-02-20) (aged 61) USS Quincy, North Atlantic, en route to Newport News, Virginia
Place of burial	Arlington National Cemetery
Allegiance	United States of America
Service/branch	United States Army
Years of service	1908-1945
Rank	Major General
Battles/wars	World War I World War II
Awards	Silver Star Distinguished Service Medal (posthumous) Croix de Guerre (France)
Other work	Senior military aide and White House Appointments Secretary for President Franklin D. Roosevelt

Early life and career

Edwin M. Watson was born on December 10, 1883 in Eufaula, Alabama. Raised in Virginia, he was the son of a businessman in the tobacco industry.[2]

He attended the United States Military Academy at West Point, among contemporaries George S. Patton and Jonathan Wainwright. Watson entered with the Class of 1906 on June 16, 1902 but was discharged for a deficiency in mathematics on April 9, 1903. He was readmitted as a plebe on August 23, 1903 but resigned in the middle of his third class year on December 29, 1904. He re-entered the Academy as a member of the third class in August 1905 and graduated in the Class of 1908.

His classmates gave him the nickname "Pa" for his precociously-parental ways and wisdom.

He was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Infantry.[3]

He served overseas twice, in the Philippines and Mexico, before he was transferred back to the United States in 1915. There, he gained his first experience with presidential service by acting as a junior military aide to President Woodrow Wilson.

Shortly after America’s entry into the First World War in April 1917, Watson requested an active duty assignment with the American Expeditionary Force that was heading for the front in France. He served there for the remainder of the war, earning the US Army Silver Star and the Croix de Guerre from the French government. He remained in France for the Paris Peace Conference to write the Treaty of Versailles, which formally ended the First World War. There, he again worked for the adoption of President Wilson’s Fourteen Points to guide the postwar world.

Association with Roosevelt

He would continue this pattern of service until becoming Senior Military Aide to the newly-inaugurated President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1933. He helped Roosevelt navigate the bureaucracy of the War Department and the Army, especially during the crucial years prior to America’s entry into the Second World War. He was also appointed the President's Appointments secretary in 1938 after the illness of the previous secretary, Marvin H. McIntyre, prevented him from continuing with his duties,[4] managing access to the President and dictating the tenor of his daily schedule.

Watson lived with his wife, the professional pianist Frances Nash Watson, on a Virginia estate called Kenwood. The land, just beyond Monticello, was once owned by Thomas Jefferson, and the estate house was designed by Roosevelt's cousin, the celebrated architect William A. Delano. Watson and Roosevelt were personally close above and beyond their close professional ties, and Roosevelt adopted Kenwood as his "Camp David" during his presidency and retreated there on several occasions for vacation. The guest cottage was built in 1940-41 for Roosevelt, but he stayed there on only one occasion, preferring the social activity of the main house. On subsequent visits, including four days in June 1944 while he was awaiting the Normandy invasion, Roosevelt slept in the front bedroom of the main house. Mrs. Watson later bequeathed Kenwood to the University of Virginia, which, in turn, has leased the property to the Thomas Jefferson Foundation.[5]

Watson and Roosevelt's son James were the ones who enabled Roosevelt to stand and to walk on the occasions when he did. Roosevelt had to wear steel braces. Watson and James would on those occasions support him on his left arm.[6]

By virtue of his proximity to the President, Watson was present at some of the defining moments of the Second World War. These included a meeting about the Einstein–Szilard letter, which would eventually lead to the creation of the Manhattan Project, and Roosevelt's agreement to the Atlantic Charter alongside British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, providing a framework for those values that would guide the postwar world. He was in constant contact with Generals Dwight D. Eisenhower and Douglas MacArthur and Admiral Chester W. Nimitz. He attended the Teheran Conference, where the first of the negotiations between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin took place. Although in poor health, he attended the Yalta Conference in February 1945 as well, where the Big Three negotiated for the future of Europe. On the return voyage, he suffered a fatal cerebral hemorrhage and died at sea.

Watson was buried with full military honors in Arlington Cemetery with the President in attendance.[5] The President himself died two months later in April.

The War Department, in recognition of his service, posthumously awarded him the Distinguished Service Medal, which was presented by President Harry Truman and by Eleanor Roosevelt to his widow, Frances Nash Watson.

Sources

• Commemorative Chairs: Edwin Watson
• No Ordinary Time, Doris Kearns Goodwin

1. Johnson, Neil M. (1987-06-11), Oral History Interview with Roberta Barrows, Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum, p. 40, retrieved 2009-05-09
2. Commemorative Chairs: Edwin Watson., Franklin and Eleanor RooseveltInstitute, archived from the original on 2008-10-07, retrieved 2009-05-09
3. L. Anderson Orr and Lee Jordan-Anders, FRANCES NASH WATSON: ARISTOCRAT OF THE KEYBOARD IN BOIS DE ROSE, Virginia Wesleyan College, archived from the original on 2012-06-30, retrieved 2009-05-09
4. Hassett, William D. (1958), Off The Record With F D R 1942-1945, Rutgers University Press, p. 36, retrieved 2009-05-09
5. Edwin M. Watson, www.arlingtoncemetery.net, retrieved 2009-05-09
6. Hess, Jerry N. (1970-10-16), Oral History Interview with Robert G. Nixon, Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum, retrieved 2009-05-09

Political offices
Preceded by Marvin H. McIntyre	White House Appointments Secretary 1938-1945	Succeeded by Matthew J. Connelly