Dorothy Olsen

Dorothy Eleanor Olsen (née Kocher, July 10, 1916 – July 23, 2019) was an American aircraft pilot and member of the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASPs) in World War II.[2]

Dorothy Olsen
Dorothy Kocher. The emblem on her flight jacket is Fifinella, the official WASP mascot.[1]
Born
Dorothy Eleanor Kocher

July 10, 1916
Woodburn, Oregon, U.S.
DiedJuly 23, 2019(2019-07-23) (aged 103)
University Place, Washington, U.S.
NationalityAmerican
Known forMember of Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP)

As a WASP, she was a civilian pilot, working for the military. Her assignment was ferrying new aircraft of many different types from the factories where they were built to airbases. This freed up male pilots for combat. She died in 2019, at the age of 103.

Early life

She was born in Woodburn, Oregon, on July 10, 1916 to Ralph and Frances (Zimmering) Kocher, and grew up on the family's small farm.[3] She decided she wanted to fly airplanes when she was eight, after reading The Red Knight of Germany, Floyd Gibbons's biography of World War I flying ace, Baron von Richthofen. Her initial introduction to flight was when she took a biplane ride at a state fair, which inspired her to take flying lessons.[2][4]

Olsen earned her private pilot's license as a civilian in the 1930s, taking her checkride in a 40 hp (30 kW) Taylorcraft. Three years later, she was flying twin-engine P-38s, with a total of 3,100 hp (2,300 kW).[5]

Prior to joining the WASPs, Olsen flew with the Woodburn Flying Club,[3] the Civil Air Patrol in Portland and The Dales[6] and worked as a dance instructor in Portland.[2] She was reportedly one of only three women in the Portland area to have a private pilot's license.[3]

Woman Airforce Service Pilot (WASP)

Olsen joined the WASPs in 1943 when the program was created. A petite woman, 5 feet (1.52 m) tall Olsen embarked on a weight-gaining regimen to make the 100-pound (45 kg) required minimum.[3] There were more than 25,000 applicants, of which 1,879 were accepted and 1,074 graduated.

Olsen was a member of class 43-4 (43-W-4 in some sources), which included 152 students. Her training began in February, 1943, at Houston Municipal Field (now named William P. Hobby Airport) along with half of her class. The other half of the class reported to Avenger Field in Sweetwater, Texas.[7]:99

She initially hated her training, but stuck with it to avoid the embarrassment of dropping out.[7] She encountered difficulties when her fiancé died and she took time off to attend his funeral, putting her behind the rest of her class. Despite being sick with a cold on her return, she passed a checkride; this avoided her being put back a class, although she continued to struggle to catch up.[7]

She graduated on August 7, 1943.[2][7]:99, 102 After graduation, her assignment was to the Sixth Ferrying Group in Long Beach, California.[8] She flew 61 missions, and was one of only twelve women certified for night flight.[5]

Olsen would take a pair of good shoes with her on ferry flights, so she could go on dancing dates with men at her destination before having to take off on her next flight.[4] She would leave her name and address in the cockpits of planes she had ferried, to be found later by the combat pilots.[4] Two such pilots wrote her postcards, one reporting that the plane "performed perfectly", in spite of having been previously flow by a woman.[4]

She enjoyed flying low to frighten people on the ground, flying inverted, and doing whatever she wanted, regardless of the rules. These violations of regulations were not viewed kindly be her commanding officers, with one incident of exceeding safe aircraft operating speed resulting in an official reprimand.[4]

Dorothy Olsen, seen on a P-38 Lightning, during her time with the Women Airforce Service Pilots
Dorothy Olsen meets with F-22 pilot Capt. Jammie Jamieson at McChord AFB.

WASPs were not, at the time, considered military personnel; she is listed in the Sixth Ferrying Group personnel book with the title of "Civilian Pilot".[8] When the WASP program ended in 1944, the pilots were discharged at their home base, with no transportation allowance to get back home.[4] WASPs were retroactively granted veteran status as part of the GI Bill Improvement Act Of 1977.[9]

According to Olsen, she flew more than 20 different aircraft models, both Army and Navy types.[2][10] Her favorite type was the P-51. A friend, Debbie Jennings, said she disliked flying bombers because in fighters, "she was by herself and could do whatever she wanted".[4] According to her son, "She felt bombers were like driving buses"[10] and her daughter noted that Olsen felt the P-38 was "an old woman's plane".[4]

After the war

The extent of her post-war flying is unclear. One source says she flew commercially for Western Skyways.[11] Other sources state she never flew commercially, and not at all after having children.[4][3] Olsen is reported to have never flown privately after the war; she is quoted as saying, "Why would I want to fly a Cessna when I've flown a P-51?"[4]

After the war, she married Harold W. Olsen, and moved to University Place, Washington. The couple had a daughter, Julie (Stranburg), and a son, Kim.[4] Olsen ran antique shops after raising their children.[2] Nerve damage from a dental procedure left her deaf for many years. At the age of 80, she received cochlear implants which restored her hearing.[3]

In 2010, Olsen (along with all other WASPs) was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal to commemorate her service.[2][12] In 2015, she was honored with a flyover of Seattle's Boeing Field by vintage aircraft for her 99th birthday.[13] In 2016, Olsen celebrated her 100th birthday at Joint Base Lewis-McChord. Also in attendance were fellow WASPs Alta Thomas, Betty Dybbro, and Mary Jean Sturdevant.[14]

Olsen died on July 23, 2019, at her home in University Place, Washington, aged 103, and was given military honors at her funeral.[2][3] Prior to her death, she was one of 38 WASPs still alive.[3]

References
  1. Maksel, Rebecca (May 22, 2014). "The Roald Dahl Aviation Story that Disney Refused to Film". Air & Space Magazine. Retrieved February 11, 2020.
  2. Langer, Emily (August 5, 2019). "Dorothy Olsen, daring aviatrix with the WASPs during World War II, dies at 103". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 7, 2019.
  3. Roberts, Sam (August 9, 2019). "Dorothy Olsen, a Pioneering Pilot in World War II, Dies at 103". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 10, 2019.
  4. Bonnet, Siandhara (July 30, 2019). "University Place woman who was a daredevil flier with WASPs during WWII dies at 103". The News Tribune. Tacoma, Washington. Retrieved August 7, 2019.
  5. Heimbigner, Kevin (May 2, 2011). "Congressional medal winner still flying high at 94". Chinook Observer. Long Beach, Washington. Retrieved August 7, 2019.
  6. "Serving Uncle Sam". The Capital Journal. Salem, Oregon. September 16, 1944. p. 3. Retrieved August 8, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. Rickman, Sarah Byrn (March 15, 2016). WASP of the Ferry Command: Women Pilots, Uncommon Deeds. University of North Texas Press. ISBN 9781574416374 – via Google Books.
  8. Sixth Ferrying Group Yearbook Long Beach. Army Navy Publishing Company, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. 1944. p. 75.
  9. "GI Bill Improvement Act Of 1977: Title IV – Women's Air Forces Service Pilots". Social Security Administration. November 23, 1977. Retrieved August 9, 2019.
  10. Wilson, Maggie (July 11, 2016). "Former fighter pilot, Dorothy Olsen, honored in Washington on 100th birthday". KIRO. Seattle, Washington. Retrieved August 7, 2019.
  11. "Miss Kocher Visits". The Capital Journal. Salem, Oregon. May 7, 1945. p. 2. Retrieved August 8, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. Congressional Record of the 111th congress, first session. US Government Printing Office. June 16, 2009. p. 15515.
  13. Robinson, Kathryn (July 12, 2015). "WWII Fighter Plane Pilot Honored on Her 99th Birthday". NBC News / Station KING. Seattle, Washington. Retrieved August 15, 2019.
  14. Shipley, Staff Sgt Naomi (July 12, 2016). "Women Airforce Service Pilot celebrates 100th birthday at JBLM". Team McChord. Retrieved August 7, 2019.
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