Dietmar Müller

Dietmar Müller FAA is a professor of geophysics at the school of geosciences, the University of Sydney.

Dietmar Müller
Born
Ralph Dietmar Müller

(1959-05-18) 18 May 1959
NationalityGerman and Australian
Known forGPlates
AwardsAustralian Laureate Fellowship by Australian Research Council, 2019 Jaeger medal by Australian Academy of Sciences
Scientific career
Fields
InstitutionsThe University of Sydney
Notable studentsMaria Seton
Websitesydney.edu.au/science/about/our-people/academic-staff/dietmar-muller.html

Early life and education

Müller received his undergraduate degree from the Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel in Germany, followed by a PhD in Earth Science from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego California in 1993.

Career

After joining the University of Sydney as a lecturer in geophysics in 1993, Müller established the University of Sydney Institute of Marine Science (now the Marine Studies Institute)[1] and built the EarthByte research group. He has been mainly active in research in the area of plate tectonics using GPlates software that has been developed under his leadership at the EarthByte group.[2]

Research highlights

Müller leads an international research effort that developed and continues to refine a Virtual Earth Laboratory to develop custom software, workflows and research data to produce interactive, open- access models and visualisations of Earth's dynamic history, especially focused on the ocean basins.[3] It has led to numerous discoveries that have transformed our fundamental understanding of the Earth's evolution, environments and geological resources.[4]

In one of his most cited work, Müller led the construction of the first digital grid of the geological age of the world's ocean basins which became the resource for hundreds of publications.[5] Using ocean basin reconstructions, his team showed that the ancient Izanagi mid-ocean ridge was destroyed when it plunged beneath an area stretching from Korea to north of Japan (Science, 2007). Müller also used reconstructions of the age-area distribution of the ocean basins to demonstrate that long-term sea-level variations over 100 metres in amplitude have been driven by plate tectonics and changing ocean basin volumes (Science, 2008).

Müller was the first to apply internet-based data-mining algorithms to earthquake hazard mapping, finding that nearly all of the largest earthquakes of the past century have been associated with regions where oceanic fracture zones intersect deep-sea trenches (Solid Earth, 2012). Using this technique, he identified the region of the unexpected 2011 Tōhoku Earthquake as a major risk area. Using spatio-temporal data mining, his team also constructed the first prospectivity map for Australian opal, revealing that it occurs where Cretaceous shallow seas and river systems alternated in Australia's Great Artesian Basin, followed by uplift (Computers and Geosciences, 2013). One of these areas, south of Lightning Ridge (NSW), was subsequently found to host precious opal, supporting the validity of the prospectivity map.

Müller teamed up with a sedimentologists and machine learning experts to use big data analysis to construct the first digital map of the geology of the seafloor (Geology, 2015). He subsequently showed that a wide belt of rapid sedimentation rates (> 5.5 cm/kyr) along the Southeast Indian Ridge (SEIR) is a global anomaly and occurs in a region of low surface productivity bounded by two major disconformity fields. He used a high-resolution numerical ocean circulation model in collaboration with two oceanographers to demonstrate that the disconformity fields occur in regions of intense bottom current activity where current speeds reach 0.2 m/s and are favourable for generating intense nepheloid layers (Geology, 2016).

Müller currently leads an Australian Research Council Industry Transformation Research Centre called the Basin Genesis Hub (2015–20)[6] which has five industry and four university partners. The hub is undertaking the simultaneous modelling of deep-Earth and surface processes, from basin scale to individual sediment grains, and developing cutting-edge basin simulations for an improved understanding of the structure and evolution of sedimentary basins. The Basin Hub's recently developed Badlands software is now being used to simulate erosion and sedimentation, modelling the evolution of river systems and transport of terrigenous sediments into sedimentary basins through time in high resolution.

Honours and awards

His awards include:[7]

  • 2000: Fresh Science prize awarded by the British Council and "ScienceNOW!”
  • 2004: Carey Medal for contributions to global tectonics awarded by the Geological Society of Australia
  • 2006: David I Groves Award for the best paper published in the Australian Journal of Earth Sciences
  • 2006: Fellow, American Geophysical Union
  • 2009: ALF – Australian Laureate Fellowship,[8]
  • 2016: Vice-Chancellor's Award for Outstanding research, University of Sydney
  • 2017: FAA – Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science
  • 2018: NSW Premier's Prize for Excellence in Earth Sciences
  • 2019: Excellence Professor Award, Petersen Foundation, Germany
  • 2019: Jaeger Medal[9] Australian Academy of Science, 2019
  • 2020: Clarke Medal, Royal Society of New South Wales [10]

Research impact

The international EarthByte e-research group lead by Müller has over 100 members from seven countries.[11] His research has influenced geoscience education of the public and universities.[12] The global impact of GPlates on end-users is illustrated by the recent development of the powerful, interactive online GPlates portal[13] allowing anyone to view global digital data sets of the ocean basins and visualise the plate tectonic evolution of the Earth.

Müller has published more than 250 peer-reviewed articles, of which some appear in prestigious journals such as Nature, Nature Geoscience, Nature Communications Science, and Geology. His map of the age of the ocean basins has been incorporated into Microsoft's digital Encarta atlas, and four textbooks exhibited in museums in the US, Japan, and Austria. In 2015, Müller contributed a plate tectonic animation to NOAA (US) Science on a Sphere program, utilising their interactive 3D spherical projection systems that are installed at museums, universities and schools.[14]

In November 2019, he was listed among the top 14 highly cited researchers at the University of Sydney with h-index of 73 and more than 20,000 citations.[15]

Selected publications
  • Brune, S., Williams, S.E. and Müller, R.D., 2017, Potential links between continental rifting, CO2 degassing and climate change through geological time, Nature Geoscience, 10, 941-946
  • Müller, R.D., Flament, N., Matthews, K.J., Williams, S.E., Gurnis, M., 2016, Formation of Australian continental margin highlands driven by plate–mantle interaction, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 441, 60–70.
  • Hassan, R, Müller, R.D., Gurnis, M., Williams, S.E. and Flament, N., 2016, A rapid burst in hotspot motion through the interaction of tectonics and deep mantle flow, Nature, 533, 239–242.
  • Müller, R. D., Seton, M., Zahirovic, S., Williams, S.E., Matthews, K.J., Wright, N.M., Shephard, G.E., Maloney, K.Y., Barnett-Moore, N., Hosseinpour, M., Bower, D.J., Cannon, J., 2016, Ocean basin evolution and global-scale plate reorganization events since Pangea breakup, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science, Vol 44, 107–138.
  • Sandwell, D.T., Müller, R.D., Smith, W.H.F., Garcia, E. and Francis, R., 2014, New global marine gravity model from CryoSat-2 and Jason-1 reveals buried tectonic structure, Science, 346, 65–67.
  • Müller, R.D., Sdrolias, M., Gaina, C., Steinberger, B. and Heine, C., 2008, Long-term sea level fluctuations driven by ocean basin volume change, Science, 319, 1357–1362.
  • Müller, R.D., Sdrolias, M., Gaina, C. and Roest, W.R., 2008, Age, spreading rates and spreading asymmetry of the world's ocean crust, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 9 (4), 1-19.
  • Müller, R.D., Roest, W.R., and Royer, J.-Y., 1998, Asymmetric seafloor spreading caused by ridge-plume interactions, Nature, 396, 455–459.
  • Müller, R.D., Roest, W.R., Royer, J.-Y., Gahagan, L.M. and Sclater, J.G., 1997, Digital isochrons of the world's ocean floor, Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, 3211–3214.
  • Müller, R.D., Royer, J.-Y. and Lawver, L.A., 1993, Revised Plate Motions Relative to the Hotspots from Combined Atlantic and Indian Ocean Hotspot Tracks, Geology, 21, 275–278.

References
  1. "Marine Studies Institute". The University of Sydney. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  2. Müller, Dietmar; Seton, Maria; Zahirovic, Sabin. "How Earth's continents became twisted and contorted over millions of years". The Conversation. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  3. "Auscope interview". Retrieved 19 November 2019.
  4. Müller, Dietmar; Seton, Maria; Zahirovic, Sabin. "How Earth's continents became twisted and contorted over millions of years". The Conversation. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  5. "Age spreading rates and spreading asymmetry of the worlds ocean crust/". Retrieved 19 November 2019.
  6. "Basin Genesis Hub/". Retrieved 19 November 2019.
  7. "Dietmar Müller - Faculty Profile". Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  8. "Sydney top for new Laureate Fellowships". Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  9. "honorific awardees 2019". Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  10. "The Clarke Medal". Royal Society of MSW. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  11. "Earthbyte.org". Retrieved 19 November 2019.
  12. "Insights paleobiogeography and tectonics open source and community gplates platform". Retrieved 19 November 2019.
  13. "Gplates Portal". Retrieved 19 November 2019.
  14. "Age of the seafloor topography/". Retrieved 19 November 2019.
  15. "Highly cited researchers". Retrieved 17 November 2019.
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