Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844

The Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844 (7 & 8 Vict. c. 61), which came into effect on 20 October 1844, was an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which eliminated many outliers or exclaves of counties in England and Wales for civil purposes. The changes were based on recommendations by a boundary commission, headed by the surveyor Thomas Drummond and summarized in a schedule attached to the Parliamentary Boundaries Act 1832. This also listed civil parishes divided by county boundaries.[1]

Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Long title	An Act to annex detached Parts of Counties to the Counties in which they are situated.
Citation	7 & 8 Vict. c. 61
Territorial extent	England and Wales
Dates
Royal assent	6 August 1844
Commencement	20 October 1844
Other legislation
Repealed by	Local Government Act 1972
Status: Repealed
Text of statute as originally enacted

See also: Parliamentary Boundaries Act 1832 and List of county exclaves in England and Wales 1844–1974

Provisions

The areas involved had already been reorganised for some purposes, a process which began with the Inclosure Acts of the later 18th century. A parish on a county boundary which used the open-field system could have its field strips distributed among the two counties in a very complicated way. Enclosure could rationalise the boundary in the process of allotting land to the various landowners. Two parishes mentioned in the 1844 Act had been subject to this procedure: Stratton Audley in Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire (1770),[2] and Farndish in Northamptonshire and Bedfordshire.[3]

The systematic involvement of the House of Commons had begun with the publication in May 1825 of the "County Boundary: Returns from Clerks of the Peace of Insulated Parcels of Land". Each county's clerk of the peace had been asked to report on boundary anomalies, and their replies were collected and printed.[4] The process was not altogether satisfactory, witness the return of the Hertfordshire clerk: "There is much difficulty in answering the inquiries with any certainty. I do not know of any person having sufficient local knowledge of the County to give the information with accuracy".[5]

The Parliamentary Boundaries Act 1832 had abolished the outliers for parliamentary constituencies, whilst the Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1839 allowed justices of the peace to act for exclaves surrounded by their county, and constabularies established under the County Police Act 1839 had jurisdiction over detached parts of other counties.

The 1832 Act included a schedule ("Schedule M") of county boundary anomalies to be acted upon, drawn up by a boundary commission headed by the surveyor Thomas Drummond.[6] This schedule included examples of salients and divided parishes as well as true exclaves.[7]

Section 1 of the Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844 read in part as follows:

[F]rom and after the Twentieth Day of October next every Part of any County in England or Wales which is detached from the main Body of such County shall be considered for all Purposes as forming Part of that County of which it is considered a Part for the Purposes of the Election of Members to serve in Parliament as Knights of the Shire [...]

The Act went on to state (s. 2) that the parts transferred would be incorporated in an existing "Hundred, Wapentake, Ward, Rape, Lathe, or other like Division by which it is wholly or for the most Part surrounded, or to which it is next adjoining, in the County to which it will thenceforth belong, unless the Justices of the County, [...] shall declare it to be a new or separate Hundred or other like Division [...]."

The Act itself did not list the areas transferred; these had already been detailed in the Parliamentary Boundaries Act 1832.[8]

The Act transferred the detached parts to different counties but not to different parishes. Unless the detached part was an entire parish, this resulted in many cases of a detached part in one county belonging to a parish in a different county. Later legislation, including the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, eliminated most instances of civil parishes belonging to two (or more) counties, and by 1901 Stanground in Huntingdonshire and the Isle of Ely were the sole remaining examples.[9]

Areas transferred

The Act affected twenty-seven counties. The largest changes were to County Durham, which lost large areas to Northumberland, as well as a single parish to Yorkshire. By no means all detached areas were changed: fifteen counties still had exclaves. Many of these outlying parts changed their administration in the 1890s following the passing of the Local Government Act 1894. Large detached blocks of Warwickshire and Worcestershire interspersed with Gloucestershire remained until 1931, Dudley in Worcestershire remained an exclave until 1966 while Flintshire retained two exclaves until 1974 – a large one (the English Maelor area) south-east of Wrexham in Denbighshire, and a single parish exclave (Marford and Hoseley) north of Wrexham.

Bedfordshire

Further information: Bedfordshire

Transferred to other counties:

• The part of the parish of Whipsnade in Beechwood Park, transferred to Hertfordshire. [10] The area remained a parish exclave until it was added to Markyate parish in 1897.[11] The 1832 schedule put it in Studham parish in error,[12] the mistake deriving from a report by the Clerk of the Peace in 1825 who in turn depended on a 1765 map by Thomas Jefferys.[13]
• The parts of the parish of Shillington of Bedfordshire isolated in Hertfordshire, transferred to the latter. There were five small exclaves in fields of Pirton next to Oughtonhead Common, the largest being of very irregular shape and another containing a counter-exclave of Hertfordshire. A sixth contained Shillington Mill at Ickleford.[14][15] The 1832 schedule listed the parish as Ickleford in error.[16]
• The part of the township of Tetworth (in the parish of Everton) in Bedfordshire, comprising a single irregularly-shaped field in the north-west corner of the southern exclave of the township in Huntingdonshire, north of Biggin Wood. Transferred to Huntingdonshire.[17][18].

Transferred from other counties:

• The greater part of the parish of Meppershall in Hertfordshire. This parish contained a small counter-exclave of Bedfordshire, but the parish boundary otherwise coincided with the exclave.[19]
• The part of the parish of Farndish in Northamptonshire. (Divided parish, not an exclave. However, before the parish was enclosed in 1800, its open field system had its field strips shared out among the two counties in an extremely complicated manner. The Enclosure Act rationalised the boundary and left no exclaves).[20]

Berkshire

Further information: Berkshire and List of Berkshire boundary changes

Transferred to other counties:

• The part of the parish of Great Barrington in Berkshire transferred to Gloucestershire.
• The townships of Little Faringdon and most of Langford proper (both in the ancient parish of Langford), exclave transferred to Oxfordshire.
• The greater part of the parish of Shilton in Berkshire, transferred to Oxfordshire. The parish had an exclave comprising a 7 acre (2.8 ha) meadow next to the River Windrush south-east of Witney, which was already in Oxfordshire.[21]
• Part of the parish of Shalbourne including the tithing of Oxenwood in Berkshire, transferred to Wiltshire only in 1895 -this was a salient, not an exclave.[22] Oxenwood was included in the 1844 Act by mistake, as it was erroneously listed as an exclave. The relevant Order was cancelled after the error was pointed out.[23][24]
• The part of the parish of Inglesham in Berkshire transferred to Wiltshire -this was a salient, not an exclave, but inaccessible from the rest of the county. [25]

Transferred from other counties:

• The part of the parochial chapelry of Hurst (in the parish of Sonning) in Wiltshire. Four exclaves, one large and three at Twyford two of the latter being tiny.[26]
• The part of the parish of Shinfield in Wiltshire. Two exclaves. The larger contained the hamlets of Swallowfield and Riseley, the smaller that of Farley Hill.[27]
• The part of the parish of Wokingham in Wiltshire, including the east end of the town with its parish church. This exclave joined to the large Hurst exclave via an isthmus the width of a road.[28]

Buckinghamshire

Further information: Buckinghamshire

Transferred to other counties:

• The township of Studley (in the parish of Beckley) in Buckinghamshire, transferred to Oxfordshire. (Divided parish, not an exclave, and this township did not include the village of the same name which was in the adjacent Oxfordshire township of Horton-cum-Studley.)[29]
• The parish of Caversfield transferred to Oxfordshire. Had two satellite exclaves, including half of the village of Stratton Audley (see below). These were transferred to the parish of Stratton Audley in 1888.[30]
• The part of the extra-parochial place of Luffield Abbey in Buckinghamshire transferred to Northamptonshire.
• The part of the so-called chapelry of Stratton Audley in Buckinghamshire transferred to Oxfordshire.[31] Before enclosure, in 1770 the parish of Stratton Audley had an open-field system the strips of which were divided between itself and Caversfield in a complicated manner, and the county boundary followed this. Enclosure consolidated the latter's share as two exclaves.[32] The 1832 schedule listed these as the "Chapelry of Stratton Audley", although there was never a chapel separate from the parish church.[33]

Transferred from other counties:

• That part of the parish of Lillingstone Lovell in Oxfordshire. Formerly the north part of the parish was an exclave of Buckinghamshire separated from the rest by this exclave of Oxfordshire, which contained the village. Oxfordshire's Clerk of the Peace reported in 1825 that the entire parish was in his county,[34] but the Ordnance Survey First Series disagreed.[35]
• The township of Boycott (in the parish of Stowe) in Oxfordshire.
• The chapelry of Ackhampstead (in the parish of Lewknor) in Oxfordshire.
• The part of the hamlet of Coleshill (in the parish of Amersham) in Hertfordshire.

Cornwall

Further information: Cornwall

Transferred to other counties:

• The part of the parish of Bridgerule in Cornwall, transferred to Devon (divided parish, not an exclave).

Transferred from other counties:

• The part of the parish of Maker in Devon. (Two enclaves.)[36]
• The part of the parish of North Tamerton in Devon, allegedly. The Ordnance Survey First Series in 1809[37] showed the county boundary here as it is now, but "Returns from Clerks of the Peace of Insulated Parcels of Land" to the House of Commons in 1825 had the Clerk for Devon report that the portion of the parish east of the Tamar was in the Black Torrington Hundred of Devon. His counterpart in Cornwall did not concur. If the former was correct, then this was a case of a Hundred of one county having a portion in another.[38]

Denbighshire

Further information: Denbighshire (historic)

Transferred to other counties:

• The township of Carreghova (in the parish of Llanymynech), transferred to Montgomeryshire.

Derbyshire

Further information: Derbyshire

Transferred to other counties:

• Part of the township of Foston and Scropton (in the parish of Scropton) transferred to Staffordshire.

Also:

• The part of the parish of Glossop on the Cheshire side of the River Etherow was declared to be in Derbyshire – its previous status was uncertain. (Divided parish, not an exclave.)

Devon

Further information: Devon

Transferred to other counties:

• The part of the parish of Maker in Devon transferred to Cornwall. (Two exclaves.)[39]
• The part of the parish of North Tamerton in Devon, allegedly. The Ordnance Survey First Series in 1809[40] showed the county boundary here as it is now, but "Returns from Clerks of the Peace of Insulated Parcels of Land" to the House of Commons in 1825 had the Clerk for Devon report that the portion of the parish east of the Tamar was in the Black Torrington Hundred of Devon. His counterpart in Cornwall did not concur. If the former was correct, then this was a case of a Hundred of one county having a portion in another.[41]
• The exclave including the parish of Thorncombe transferred to Dorset, also including the tithing of Beerhall and Easthay, a parish exclave belonging to Axminster.[42]

Transferred from other counties:

• The part of the parish of Bridgerule in Cornwall. (Divided parish, not an exclave.)
• The parish of Stockland (including the hamlet of Dalwood) in Dorset.

Dorset

Further information: Dorset

Transferred to other counties:

• The parish of Stockland (including the hamlet of Dalwood) transferred to Devon.

Transferred from other counties:

• The parish of Holwell in Somerset.
• The parish of Thorncombe in Devon with the tithing of Beerhall and Easthay, a parish exclave belonging to Axminster.

County Durham

Further information: County Durham

Transferred to other counties:

• Islandshire, (consisting of the chapelry of Ancroft, part of the parish of Belford, the township of Holy Island, the chapelry of Kyloe and the chapelry of Tweedmouth), transferred to Northumberland.
• Monks' House, an extra-parochial territory of 0.6 acres (0.24 ha) at Bamburgh and an exclave of Islandshire. It had functioned as a mainland port for the monks living on Inner Farne, being donated for this purpose in 1257 by King Henry III.[43] Transferred to Northumberland.[44]
• Bedlingtonshire (the parish of Bedlington) transferred to Northumberland.
• Norhamshire (the ancient parish of Norham) transferred to Northumberland. Made one exclave with Islandshire, above.
• The extra parochial Farne Islands transferred to Northumberland.
• Craikshire (the parish of Crayke) transferred to the North Riding of Yorkshire.

Gloucestershire

Further information: Gloucestershire

Transferred to other counties:

• The parish of Little Compton transferred to Warwickshire.
• The township of Lea Lower (in the parish of Lea) in Gloucestershire, transferred to Herefordshire. The parish had three townships, the others being Lea Upper and Lea Bailey.[45]
• The parish of Minety transferred to Wiltshire. This also abolished a small counter-enclave of the latter county, around the parish church.[46]
• The parish of Shenington transferred to Oxfordshire.
• The parish of Sutton-under-Brailes transferred to Warwickshire.
• The parish of Widford transferred to Oxfordshire.

Transferred from other counties:

• The hamlets of Alstone and Little Washbourne (both in the parish of Overbury) in Worcestershire, forming one exclave.
• The part of the parish of Great Barrington in Berkshire.
• The part of the parish of Broughton Poggs called Great Lemhill Farm in Oxfordshire (placed in the parish of Lechlade).
• Church Icomb, a township of the parish of Icomb (older spelling Iccomb) in Worcestershire, transferred to Gloucestershire to join the township already in the latter county called Westward Icomb. The village had been divided between the two.[47]
• The parish of Kingswood in Wiltshire.
• The parish of Poulton in Wiltshire.

Hampshire

Further information: Hampshire

Transferred to other counties:

• The tithings of North Ambersham and South Ambersham, both in the parish of Steep and making one exclave called Ambersham, transferred to Sussex.

Transferred from other counties:

• The detached part of the parish of Rogate in Sussex known as Bohunt west of Liphook, transferred to the parish of Bramshott.

Herefordshire

Further information: Herefordshire

Transferred to other counties:

• Part of the township of Litton and Cascob (in the parishes of Cascob and Presteigne) transferred to Radnorshire.
• The hamlet of Bwlch Trewyn (in the parish of Cwmyoy), transferred to Monmouthshire. (A salient, not an exclave. The actual exclave in the parish was called Fwddog, and the mistake was only rectified with its transfer in 1891.)[48]
• The chapelry of Farlow (in the parish of Stottesdon) transferred to Shropshire.
• The chapelry of Rochford (in the parish of Tenbury) transferred to Worcestershire.
• Crooked Billet, a field of three acres (1.2 ha) in Trelleck parish just north of Devauden, transferred to Monmouthshire.[49][50]

Transferred from other counties:

• The township of Lea Lower (in the parish of Lea) in Gloucestershire, transferred to Herefordshire. The parish had three townships, the others being Lea Upper and Lea Bailey.[51]
• The parish of Welsh Bicknor in Monmouthshire.

Hertfordshire

Further information: Hertfordshire

Transferred to other counties:

• The part of the hamlet of Coleshill (in the parish of Amersham) in Hertfordshire transferred to Buckinghamshire.
• The part of the parish of Meppershall in Hertfordshire transferred to Bedfordshire. This contained a small counter-exclave of Bedfordshire.[52]
• The part of the parish of Studham in Hertfordshire transferred to Bedfordshire.

Transferred from other counties:

• The part of the parish of Whipsnade in Beechwood Park, in Bedfordshire. [53] The area remained a parish exclave until it was added to Markyate parish in 1897.[54] The 1832 schedule put it in Studham parish in error,[55] the mistake deriving from a report by the Clerk of the Peace in 1825 who in turn depended on a 1765 map by Thomas Jefferys.[56]
• The parts of the parish of Shillington of Bedfordshire isolated in Hertfordshire, transferred to the latter. There were five small exclaves in fields of Pirton next to Oughtonhead Common, the largest being of very irregular shape and another containing a counter-exclave of Hertfordshire. A sixth contained Shillington Mill at Ickleford.[57][58] The 1832 schedule listed the parish as Ickleford in error.[59]

Huntingdonshire

Further information: Huntingdonshire

Transferred from other counties:

• The part of the township of Tetworth (in the parish of Everton) in Bedfordshire, comprising a single irregularly-shaped field in the north-west corner of the southern exclave of the township, north of Biggin Wood.[60][61]. (Tetworth, which became a separate civil parish, remained in two distinct parts, one of which was an exclave of Huntingdonshire until 1965.)

Monmouthshire

Further information: Monmouthshire (historic)

Transferred to other counties:

• The parish of Welsh Bicknor, transferred to Herefordshire.

Transferred from other counties:

• The hamlet of Bwlch Trewyn (in the parish of Cwmyoy), transferred from Herefordshire. (A salient, not an exclave. The actual exclave in the parish was called Fwddog, and the mistake was only rectified with its transfer in 1891.)[62]
• Crooked Billet, a field of three acres (1.2 ha) in Trelleck parish just north of Devauden, transferred from Herefordshire.[63][64]

Montgomeryshire

Further information: Montgomeryshire

Transferred from other counties:

• The township of Carreghova (in the parish of Llanymynech, which straddled the Welsh border), in Denbighshire.

Northamptonshire

Further information: Northamptonshire

Transferred to other counties:

• The part of the parish of Farndish in Northamptonshire, transferred to Bedfordshire. (Divided parish, not an exclave. However, before the parish was enclosed in 1800, its open field system had its field strips shared out among the two counties in an extremely complicated manner. The Enclosure Act rationalised the boundary and left no exclaves).[65]

Transferred from other counties:

• The part of the extra-parochial place of Luffield Abbey in Buckinghamshire.

Northumberland

Further information: Northumberland

Transferred from other counties:

• Islandshire, (consisting of the chapelry of Ancroft, part of the parish of Belford, the township of Holy Island, the chapelry of Kyloe and the chapelry of Tweedmouth), transferred from County Durham.
• Monks' House, an extra-parochial territory of 0.6 acres (0.24 ha) at Bamburgh and an exclave of Islandshire. It had functioned as a mainland port for the monks living on Inner Farne, being donated for this purpose in 1257 by King Henry III.[66] Transferred from County Durham.[67]
• Bedlingtonshire (the parish of Bedlington) transferred from County Durham.
• Norhamshire (the ancient parish of Norham) transferred from County Durham. Made one exclave with Islandshire, above.
• The extra parochial Farne Islands transferred to Northumberland. transferred from County Durham.

Oxfordshire

Further information: Oxfordshire

Transferred to other counties:

• The part of the parish of Broughton Poggs called Great Lemhill Farm in Oxfordshire (placed in the parish of Lechlade).
• That part of the parish of Lillingstone Lovell in Oxfordshire, transferred to Buckinghamshire. Formerly the north part of the parish was an exclave of Buckinghamshire separated from the rest by this exclave of Oxfordshire, which contained the village. Oxfordshire's Clerk of the Peace reported in 1825 that the entire parish was in his county,[68] but the Ordnance Survey First Series disagreed.[69]
• The township of Boycott (in the parish of Stowe) transferred to Buckinghamshire.
• The chapelry of Ackhampstead (in the parish of Lewknor) transferred to Buckinghamshire.

Transferred from other counties:

• The township of Studley (in the parish of Beckley) in Buckinghamshire. (Divided parish, not an exclave, and this township did not include the village of the same name which was in the adjacent Oxfordshire township of Horton-cum-Studley.)[70]
• The parish of Caversfield in Buckinghamshire. Had two satellite exclaves, including half of the village of Stratton Audley (see below). These were transferred to the parish of Stratton Audley in 1888.[71]
• The townships of Little Faringdon and most of Langford proper (both in the ancient parish of Langford), exclave in Berkshire
• The parish of Shenington in Gloucestershire.
• The greater part of the parish of Shilton in Berkshire. The parish had an exclave comprising a 7 acre (2.8 ha) meadow next to the River Windrush south-east of Witney, which was already in Oxfordshire.[72]
• The part of the so-called chapelry of Stratton Audley in Buckinghamshire transferred to Oxfordshire.[73] Before enclosure, in 1770 the parish of Stratton Audley had an open-field system the strips of which were divided between itself and Caversfield in a complicated manner, and the county boundary followed this. Enclosure consolidated the latter's share as two exclaves.[74] The 1832 schedule listed these as the "Chapelry of Stratton Audley", although there was never a chapel separate from the parish church.[75]
• The parish of Widford in Gloucestershire.

Shropshire

Further information: Shropshire

Dudley, shown on an 1814 map as being an exclave of Worcestershire locally situated in Staffordshire. Note also the exclave of Shropshire at Halesowen, abolished by this Act.

Transferred to other counties:

• The townships of Halesowen, Cakemore, Hasbury, Hawne, Hill, Illey, Lapal, Ridgacre, Hunnington, Oldbury, Romsley and Warley Salop (all in the parish of Halesowen) transferred to Worcestershire. The area around Warley Salop, especially on Barnford Hill south of Langley Green had extremely complicated boundaries. Worcestershire had counter-exclaves and the Shropshire exclave had [[counter-counter exclaves, both sets including field strips of a fraction of an acre.[76]

Transferred from other counties:

• The chapelry of Farlow (in the parish of Stottesdon) in Herefordshire.

Somerset

Further information: Somerset

Transferred to other counties:

• The parish of Holwell transferred to Dorset.

Staffordshire

Further information: Staffordshire

Transferred to other counties:

• The parish of Broome transferred to Worcestershire.
• The parish of Clent transferred to Worcestershire.

Transferred from other counties:

• Part of the township of Foston and Scropton (in the parish of Scropton) in Derbyshire.

Sussex

Further information: Sussex

Transferred from other counties:

• The tithings of North Ambersham and South Ambersham, both in the parish of Steep and making one enclave in Sussex, transferred from Hampshire.

Transferred to other counties:

• The detached part of the parish of Rogate known as Bohunt west of Liphook, transferred to the parish of Bramshott in Hampshire.

Warwickshire

Further information: Warwickshire

Transferred to other counties:

• The township of Tutnall and Cobley (in the parish of Tardebigge) transferred to Worcestershire.

Transferred from other counties:

• The parish of Little Compton in Gloucestershire.
• The parish of Sutton-under-Brailes in Gloucestershire.

Wiltshire

Further information: Wiltshire

Transferred to other counties:

• The part of the parochial chapelry of Hurst (in the parish of Sonning) in Wiltshire. Four exclaves, one large and three at Twyford two of the latter being tiny.[77]
• The parish of Kingswood transferred to Gloucestershire.
• The parish of Poulton transferred to Gloucestershire.
• The part of the parish of Shinfield in Wiltshire. Two exclaves. The larger contained the hamlets of Swallowfield and Riseley, the smaller that of Farley Hill.[78]
• The part of the parish of Wokingham in Wiltshire, including the east end of the town with its parish church. This exclaves joined to the large Hurst exclaves via an isthmus the width of a road.[79]

Transferred from other counties:

• Part of the parish of Shalbourne including the tithing of Oxenwood in Berkshire, transferred to Wiltshire only in 1895 -this was a salient, not an exclave.[80] Oxenwood was included in the 1844 Act by mistake, as it was erroneously listed as an exclave. The relevant Order was cancelled after the error was pointed out.[81][82]
• The part of the parish of Inglesham in Berkshire transferred to Wiltshire -this was a salient, not an exclave, but inaccessible from the rest of the county. [83]
• The parish of Minety transferred to Wiltshire. This also abolished a small counter-enclave of the latter county, around the parish church.[84]

Worcestershire

Further information: Worcestershire

Transferred to other counties:

• Church Icomb, a township of the parish of Icomb (older spelling Iccomb) in Worcestershire, transferred to Gloucestershire to join the township already in the latter county called Westward Icomb. The village had been divided between the two.[85]
• The hamlets of Alstone and Little Washbourne (both in the parish of Overbury) transferred to Gloucestershire.

Transferred from other counties:

• The parish of Broom in Staffordshire.
• The parish of Clent in Staffordshire.
• The townships of Halesowen, Cakemore, Hasbury, Hawne, Hill, Illey, Lapal, Ridgacre, Hunnington, Oldbury, Romsley and Warley Salop (all in the parish of Halesowen) transferred to Worcestershire. The area around Warley Salop, especially on Barnford Hill south of Langley Green had extremely complicated boundaries. Worcestershire had counter-exclaves and the Shropshire exclave had [[counter-counter exclaves, both sets including field strips of a fraction of an acre.[86]
• The chapelry of Rochford (in the parish of Tenbury) in Herefordshire.

Yorkshire, North Riding

Further information: North Riding of Yorkshire

Transferred from other counties:

• The parish of Crayke in County Durham.

Scotland and Ireland

The 1844 act applied only to England and Wales. Most detached parts of Irish counties were removed under an 1836 act in conjunction with Griffith's Valuation.[87] Detached parts of Scottish counties persisted (apart from some exchanged between Inverness and Elgin in 1870[88][89]) until the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889, which merged the fragmented county of Cromartyshire into Ross and Cromarty and provided for Boundary Commissioners for Scotland to consolidate all other county exclaves, except one in Dunbartonshire comprising Cumbernauld and Kirkintilloch parishes.[90][89]

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Sources

• Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844
• Parliamentary Boundaries Act 1832, Schedule M
• Moule, Thomas (1836) Moule's English Counties in the 19th century, London: Simpkin & Marshall, republished (1990) as The County Maps of Old England by Thomas Moule, London: Studio Editions Ltd, ISBN 1-85170-403-5
• Youngs, Frederic A. (1979) Guide to the local administrative units of England, Vol. 1: Southern England, Royal Historical Society, Guides and handbooks no. 10., London : University College, ISBN 0-901050-67-9
• Youngs, Frederic A. (1991) Guide to the local administrative units of England, Vol. 2: Northern England, Royal Historical Society, Guides and handbooks no. 17., London : University College, ISBN 0-86193-127-0

External links

• Map of the counties of Great Britain and Ireland with detached parts shown on Wikishire.