Bianca Bianchi (politician)

Bianca Bianchi (31 July 1914 – 9 July 2000) was an Italian teacher, socialist politician, feminist, and writer.[1]

Biography

Upon the death of her father, the town's blacksmith and active socialist, she moved to Rufina, with her mother's family, then to Florence to continue her studies. She obtained his master's degree and enrolled in the faculty of teaching. As a teacher, she encounters difficulties and obstacles, to the point of losing her job, due to disagreements with her superiors on her independent way of conducting lessons, for example her desire not to neglect Jewish culture and civilization. She therefore accepted the proposal for an appointment as an Italian language teacher in Bulgaria, from December 1941. In June 1942 she returned to Italy and, after a brief period in which he settled again in Rufina, she returned to Florence after the fall of Mussolini.

She took part in the meetings of the Action Party, the spread of anti-fascist leaflets and in arms transport for the partisans.[2] In 1945 she joined the Socialist Proletarian Unity Party of Giuseppe Saragat and Pietro Nenni and collaborated with various political journals. She was a friend of Angelica Balabanoff and shared her aspiration for women's emancipation and her pessimism about the backward position of the country.[3]

In the elections of June 2, 1946, she was among the 21 women out of 556 members elected to the Constituent Assembly. During her participation in the Constituent Assembly she spoke on the problems of school, pensions and employment. In January 1947 she followed the Saragat group in the split of Palazzo Barberini which gave birth to the new Italian Democratic Socialist Party.

In 1948, a candidate in Sicily was elected in the I Legislature for the list of Socialist Unity. From the fifties she devoted himself to the study of educational issues and to the creation of the School of Europe of Monte Senario, a model institute for elementary and middle school children. The ideas that motivate this experiment, in many aspects experimental and avant-garde, are expressed in the essays L'esperienza di un'educazione nuova alla Scuola d'Europa. In the same years she collaborated with the newspaper La Nazione in Florence, writing the "Occhio ai ragazzi" column aimed at educational problems.

From 1970 to 1975 she was elected municipal councilor of Florence on the PSDI lists, holding the office of deputy mayor. Starting from this time she also devoted herself to writing works of an autobiographical nature.

Selected publications
  • (1946) Parole alle donne, la vita nel socialismo, Firenze, Libreria Editrice Socialista
  • (1946) Il Partito socialista e la scuola. Discorso pronunciato all'Assemblea costituente nella seduta del 22 luglio 1946, Roma, Tip. della Camera dei deputati
  • (1951) Figli di nessuno, Milano
  • (1951) "Le donne e l'art.37 [interview]", Noi donne, 45, 18 November 1951, p.5
  • (1952) Il sistema educativo di Maria Montessori, Firenze, Le Monnier
  • (1954) Lineamenti di metodologia, Torino, Paravia (Il maestro)
  • (1955) "Il fanciullo e il suo mondo di fantasia", in: Problemi della letteratura per l'infanzia in Europa. Atti delle Giornate Europee tenute in Firenze dal 27 al 30 May 1954, Firenze, Centro didattico nazionale di studi e documentazione, p. 44-54
  • (1957) "Una nobile figura di studioso e di democratico. Gaetano Pieraccini si è spento a Firenze", Il Resto del carlino, 14 aprile 1957,
  • (1960) "Sembra che tutti vedano... Vedono infatti, ma con le mani", La Giustizia, 1 November 1960, p. 3
  • (1962) Amicizia per i nostri figli, Roma, Opere nuove (Esperienze didattiche e pedagogiche, 1)
  • (1962) L'esperienza di un'educazione nuova alla Scuola d'Europa, Roma, (Esperienze didattiche e pedagogiche, 2)
  • (1973) Milinkata, Firenze, Il fauno
  • (1974) Il sole nero, Firenze, Il fauno
  • (1976) Il tempo del ritorno, Selci Umbro, Stabilimento tipografico Pliniana
  • (1981) Al di là del muro, cronaca di un viaggio in Ungheria, Poggibonsi, Lalli (Scrittori italiani contemporanei)
  • (1989) "La politica e la donna", in Le donne e la Costituzione, atti del convegno promosso dall'Associazione degli ex-parlamentari, Roma, 22-23 March 1988, Roma, Camera dei deputati, p. 229-231
  • (1993) Il colore delle nuvole, Firenze, Firenze libri
  • (1994) Principessa, Firenze, Firenze libri
  • (1995) Io torno a Vicchio, Firenze, Giorgi & Gambi
  • (1997) Vivrò ancora, Firenze, Morgana
  • (1998) La storia è memoria, ti racconto la mia vita, Firenze, Giorgi & Gambi (I fiorentinissimi, 1)
  • (1999) Il seme della terra, Firenze, Giorgi & Gambi (I fiorentinissimi, 2)

References
  1. Capitani, Paola (2006). Scuola domani. FrancoAngeli. p. 13.
  2. "Bianca Bianchi". I deputati toscani all'Assemblea Costituente, profili biografici. Firenze: Edizioni dell'Assemblea. 2008. pp. 146–147.
  3. "Bianca Bianchi: La biondissima". Fondazione Archivio Diaristico Nazionale. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
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