Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
An Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines is one of 15 members of the Philippine Supreme Court, the highest court in the Philippines. The Chief Justice presides over the High Court, but carries only one of the 15 votes in the court. Traditionally, the Chief Justice is deemed primus inter pares ("first among equals") among the Justices.
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Until 1973, only men were appointed as Associate Justices to the Court. Cecilia Muñoz-Palma, an appointee of President Ferdinand Marcos, was the first woman to sit on the Court. Since then, 15 other women have been appointed as Associate Justices of the Supreme Court. The most recent woman to be appointed to the high tribunal is Amy Lazaro-Javier, a former Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals of the Philippines.
Constitutional requirements and limitations
Under the 1987 Constitution, the minimum requirements for appointment to the Supreme Court are natural born citizenship; 40 years of age; and 15 years or more as a judge of a lower court or engaged in the practice of law in the Philippines. (sec. 7(1), Article VIII) The members of the Court are appointed by the President from a list of at least 3 nominees prepared by the Judicial and Bar Council. (sec. 9, Article VIII) The appointment is not subject to confirmation by Congress.
Members of the Court are mandated to retire upon reaching the age of 70. (sec. 11, Article VIII) They may also be removed from office through impeachment, which is accomplished through a resolution of impeachment affirmed by a 1/3 vote of all members of the House of Representatives and conviction by 2/3 vote of all members of the Senate.
Since 1901, there has always been only one Chief Justice. In contrast, the number of Associate Justices has wildly varied. From the original number of six (1901–1916), this was increased to eight (1916–1935), then to ten (1935–1940). During the years 1940–1945, the membership varied from five to seven. After liberation in 1945, the number was reset to ten, and the current number of fourteen was first set in place with the enactment of the 1973 Constitution. During the first few months of the Aquino administration, ten Associate Justices sat on the Court, but the appointment of Carolina Griño-Aquino in February 1988 finally restored the number of Associate Justices at fourteen.
Official functions
The cases decided by the Supreme Court involve several classes of disputes. Most prominently, the Court is called upon to exercise the power of judicial review of presidential or legislative actions. More often, the Court also undertakes appellate review of decisions of the trial courts and the Court of Appeals in civil and criminal cases. The Court is also tasked with deciding administrative cases involving members and employees of the judiciary and of lawyers belonging to the Philippine Bar. The decisions of the Court become part of the law of the land.
Each Justice carries one vote on the Court which they exercise whether when sitting in Division, or in the full complement of 15 (or "en banc"). Since the 1970s, the Supreme Court has sat in three divisions, with five Justices as members of each division. As most Supreme Court cases are decided by the division rather than the en banc, a vote of three Justices sitting in a division is usually sufficient to decide the case. However, the Constitution prescribes instances whereby a case must be decided en banc, such as in declaring a law as unconstitutional or when a judicial precedent is overturned. Each vote can be crucial, as recently shown in the 2006 People's Initiative case (Lambino v. COMELEC), which was decided en banc by an 8–7 vote.
As a case is decided, one justice in the majority is assigned to write the majority opinion for the Court. Even as these decisions speak in behalf of the Court, the writer of the opinion (known as the "ponente") is strongly identified with the decision, and the body of opinions of each Justice enhances his/her reputation. Many important opinions are analyzed in law schools and are well-remembered long after the Justice had left the Court. For example, several of the opinions of Associate Justice Jose P. Laurel were crucial in the development of Philippine jurisprudence and are widely read and quoted nearly 70 years after they had been written.
Any other Justice, whether they be in the majority or in the minority, is entitled to write a separate opinion in a case to clarify his/her views, or even to challenge the points raised in the majority opinion. In the 1973 case of Javellana v. Executive Secretary, concerning the ratification of the 1973 Constitution, each Justice chose to write a separate opinion, while more recently, the 2005 decision on the Expanded VAT Law (Abakada v. Executive Secretary) saw 11 separate opinions. The separate opinions of a Justice in the majority is usually known as a "concurring opinion", while one penned by a Justice in the minority is known as a "dissenting opinion". A Justice who only partially agrees with the majority opinion while disagreeing with portions thereof may even write a "concurring and dissenting opinion".
While these separate opinions do not receive as much public attention as majority opinions, they are usually studied in the legal academe and by other judges. On several occasions, views expressed in a dissenting or concurring opinion were adopted by the Supreme Court in later years. Justice Gregorio Perfecto, whose staunch libertarian views were out of sync with the Cold War era, wrote over 140 dissenting opinions in just 4 years. Years after his death, some of his views in dissent, such as in Moncado v. People's Court (1948) were adopted by a more liberal Supreme Court.
The rule of seniority
The Associate Justices of the Court are usually ordered according to the date of their appointment. There are no official ramifications as to this ranking, although the order determines the seating arrangement on the bench and is duly considered in all matters of protocol. Within the discretion of the Court, the ranking may also factor into the composition of the divisions of the Court.
In 1986, the order of seniority in the Court was modified upon the assumption to the presidency of Corazon C. Aquino. President Aquino had sought to reorganize the Court by obtaining the resignation of most of the Associate Justices who had been appointed by Ferdinand Marcos, and filling those vacancies with her own choices. Eventually, Aquino chose to re-appoint three Marcos-appointed Justices: Ameurfina Melencio-Herrera, Hugo Gutierrez, Jr.[1] and Nestor Alampay, but did so only after appointing several new Justices to the Court. The previous service of these three were not considered for the purposes of determining seniority. This point would cause a minor controversy in 1992. During that time, it was advocated in some sectors that Herrera, as the longest serving incumbent Associate Justice, was more qualified to succeed the resigned Chief Justice Marcelo Fernan than Andres Narvasa, who was considered as the Senior Associate Justice despite having been appointed to the Court 7 years after Melencio-Herrera. President Aquino eventually appointed Narvasa over Herrera.
The incumbent Justice with the earliest date of appointment is deemed the Senior Associate Justice. While the Senior Associate Justice has no constitutional or statutory duties, he or she usually acts as Acting Chief Justice during the absence of the Chief Justice. The Senior Associate Justice is also usually designated as the chairperson of the second division of the Court.
The following became Senior Associate Justices in their tenure in the Supreme Court:
Senior Associate Justice | Year Appointed | Tenure |
---|---|---|
Florentino Torres | 1901 | 1901–1920 |
Elias Finley Johnson | 1903 | 1920–1933 |
Thomas A. Street | 1917 | 1933–1935 |
George A. Malcolm | 1917 | 1936–1936 |
Antonio Villa-Real | 1925 | 1936–1940 |
José Abad Santos | 1932 | 1940–1941 |
José P. Laurel Sr. | 1936 | 1941–1942 |
Manuel Moran | 1938 | 1942–1945 |
Roman Ozaeta | 1941 | 1945–1950 |
Ricardo M. Parás Jr. | 1941 | 1950–1951 |
Felicisimo R. Feria | 1945 | 1951–1953 |
César F. Bengzon | 1945 | 1953–1961 |
Sabino B. Padilla | 1945 | 1961– 1964 |
Roberto R. Concepcion Jr. | 1954 | 1964–1966 |
Jose B. L. Reyes | 1954 | 1966–1972 |
Querube C. Makalintal | 1962 | 1972–1973 |
Roberto Regala | 1962 | 1973–1975 |
Fred Ruiz Castro | 1966 | 1975–1976 |
Enrique M. Fernando Sr. | 1967 | 1976–1979 |
Claudio Teehankee Sr. | 1968 | 1979–1986 |
Ameurfina Melencio-Herrera | 1979 | 1986 |
Andres R. Narvasa | 1986 | 1986–1991 |
Hugo Gutierrez Jr. | 1982 and 1986 | 1991–1993 |
Isagani A. Cruz | 1986 | 1993–1994 |
Teodoro R. Padilla | 1987 | 1994–1997 |
Florenz D. Regalado | 1988 | 1997–1998 |
Flerida Ruth P. Romero | 1991 | 1998–1999 |
Josue N. Bellosillo | 1992 | 1999–2003 |
Reynato S. Puno | 1993 | 2003–2005 |
Leonardo A. Quisumbing | 1998 | 2005–2009 |
Antonio T. Carpio | 2001 | 2009–2019 |
Estela M. Perlas-Bernabe | 2011 | 2019–present |
Becoming Chief Justice
Only two persons appointed as Chief Justice had not previously served as Associate Justices. These were Cayetano Arellano, the first Chief Justice, and Jose Yulo, the former Speaker of the House of Representatives who was appointed as Chief Justice during the Japanese period. All other Chief Justices, except for Victorino Mapa, were incumbent Associate Justices at the time of their appointment as Chief Justice. Mapa had served as Associate Justice from 1901 to 1913, when he was appointed as Secretary of Justice. Mapa would be appointed as Chief Justice in 1920.
Another tradition, though less stringently observed, was that the most senior Associate Justice would be appointed as Chief Justice upon a permanent vacancy to that post. Deviations from this tradition, especially in recent years, have caused some controversy. Senior Associate Justice Claudio Teehankee, who had emerged as a fervent critic of Ferdinand Marcos, was twice bypassed for Chief Justice by Marcos. More recently, in 2005, the appointment of Artemio Panganiban as Chief Justice over Senior Associate Justice Reynato Puno was also the subject of some controversy. Puno was eventually appointed as Chief Justice in 2006. Another contender for Chief Justice in 2006 was Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago. Had Santiago been appointed Chief Justice, she would have been the first person since Jose Yulo in 1942 to have been appointed Chief without serving as Associate Justice. When Justice Renato Corona assumed as Chief Justice on May 17, 2010, the most senior Associate Justice was Antonio Carpio, who was appointed to the Court in October 2001, 6 months before Corona's own appointment.
Justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
# | Justice | Life dates | Start of term | End of term | Replacing | Chief Justices | Chief Executive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Cayetano Arellano | March 2, 1847 – December 23, 1920 | June 11, 1901 | April 12, 1920 | Newly created seat | First Chief Justice | William Howard Taft |
2 | Florentino Torres | October 16, 1844 – April 29, 1927 | June 17, 1901 | April 20, 1920 | Cayetano Arellano | William Howard Taft | |
3 | Victorino Mapa | February 25, 1855 – April 12, 1927 | June 17, 1901 | October 31, 1913 | Cayetano Arellano | William Howard Taft | |
4 | James Francis Smith | January 28, 1859 – June 29, 1928 | June 17, 1901 | February 17, 1903 | Cayetano Arellano | William Howard Taft | |
5 | Joseph F. Cooper | March 30, 1854 – April 18, 1942 | June 17, 1901 | October 17, 1904 | Cayetano Arellano | William Howard Taft | |
6 | Charles A. Willard | May 21, 1857 – March 13, 1914 | June 17, 1901 | April 24, 1904 | Cayetano Arellano | William Howard Taft | |
7 | Fletcher Ladd | December 21, 1862 – December 12, 1903 | June 17, 1901 | July 13, 1903 | Cayetano Arellano | William Howard Taft | |
8 | John T. McDonough | July 12, 1843 – October 12, 1907 | February 18, 1903 | May 1, 1904 | James Francis Smith | Cayetano Arellano | William Howard Taft |
9 | Elias Finley Johnson | June 24, 1861 – August 1, 1933 | October 3, 1903 | April 1, 1933 | Fletcher Ladd | Cayetano Arellano | William Howard Taft |
10 | Adam Clarke Carson | January 14, 1869 – May 23, 1941 | November 16, 1904 | November 30, 1920 | Charles A. Willard | Cayetano Arellano | Luke Edward Wright |
James F. Tracy | March 30, 1854 – September 19, 1925 | July 1, 1905 | July 2, 1909 | John T. Mcdonough | Cayetano Arellano | Luke Edward Wright | |
12 | Sherman Moreland | October 16, 1868 – December 27, 1951 | February 1, 1909 | April 23, 1917 | Cayetano Arellano | James Francis Smith | |
13 | Charles Burke Elliott | January 6, 1861 – September 18, 1935 | June 3, 1909 | February 13, 1910 | Cayetano Arellano | James Francis Smith | |
14 | Grant T. Trent | August 3, 1860 – May 4, 1947 | February 28, 1910 | April 23, 1917 | Charles Burke Elliott | Cayetano Arellano | William Cameron Forbes |
15 | Manuel Araullo | January 1, 1853 – July 26, 1924 | December 16, 1913 | October 31, 1921 | Victorino Mapa | Cayetano Arellano | Francis Burton Harrison |
16 | Thomas A. Street | March 14, 1872 – March 17, 1936 | June 13, 1917 | June 1, 1935 | Cayetano Arellano | Francis Burton Harrison | |
17 | George A. Malcolm | November 5, 1881 – May 16, 1961 | July 9, 1917 | February 1, 1936 | Cayetano Arellano | Francis Burton Harrison | |
18 | Ramón Avanceña | April 13, 1872 – June 12, 1957 | October 31, 1917 | March 31, 1925 | Cayetano Arellano | Francis Burton Harrison | |
19 | Frederich Charles Fisher | January 16, 1879 – August 17, 1964 | November 17, 1917 | November 16, 1918 | Cayetano Arellano | Francis Burton Harrison | |
20 | Percy M. Moir | February 24, 1870 — February 21, 1928 | November 25, 1918 | November 20, 1920 | Cayetano Arellano | Francis Burton Harrison | |
21 | Ignacio Villamor | February 1, 1863 – May 23, 1933 | May 19, 1920 | May 25, 1933 | Cayetano Arellano | Francis Burton Harrison | |
22 | James A. Ostrand | January 20, 1871 — April 15, 1937 | September 27, 1921 | June 30, 1933 | Victorino Mapa | Charles Yeater | |
23 | Charles A. Johns | June 25, 1857 – January 11, 1932 | October 7, 1921 | January 11, 1932 | Percy M. Moir | Victorino Mapa | Charles Yeater |
24 | Norberto Romualdez | June 6, 1875 – November 4, 1941 | November 1, 1921 | April 1, 1932 | Manuel Araullo | Manuel Araullo | Leonard Wood |
25 | Antonio Villareal | January 17, 1880 — February 12, 1945 | June 16, 1925 | June 5, 1940 | Ramón Avanceña | Ramón Avanceña | Leonard Wood |
26 | John A. Hull | August 7, 1874 – April 17, 1944 | June 1, 1932 | February 1, 1936 | Charles A. Johns | Ramón Avanceña | Theodore Roosevelt Jr. |
27 | James C. Vickers | August 5, 1877 – January 28, 1945 | June 1, 1932 | February 1, 1936 | Ramón Avanceña | Theodore Roosevelt Jr. | |
28 | José Abad Santos | February 19, 1886 – May 2, 1942 | June 18, 1932 | December 23, 1941 | Norberto Romualdez | Ramón Avanceña | Theodore Roosevelt Jr. |
29 | Carlos A. Imperial | November 4, 1880 – May 20, 1941 | June 22, 1932 | May 20, 1941 | Ramón Avanceña | Theodore Roosevelt Jr. | |
30 | George C. Butte | May 9, 1877 – January 18, 1940 | July 1, 1932 | February 1, 1936 | Ramón Avanceña | Theodore Roosevelt Jr. | |
31 | Anacleto Diaz | November 20, 1878 – January 18, 1940 | November 20, 1933 | December 19, 1941 | Ramón Avanceña | Frank Murphy | |
32 | Leonard S. Goddard | January 29, 1871 – June 6, 1959 | January 9, 1934 | January 29, 1936 | Ramón Avanceña | Frank Murphy | |
33 | Claro M. Recto | February 8, 1890 – October 2, 1960 | July 3, 1935 | November 1, 1936 | Ramón Avanceña | Frank Murphy | |
34 | José P. Laurel | March 9, 1891 – November 6, 1959 | February 29, 1936 | February 5, 1942 | Ramón Avanceña | Manuel L. Quezon | |
35 | Pedro Concepción | April 18, 1893 – May 11, 1969 | October 31, 1936 | January 1, 1940 | Ramón Avanceña | Manuel L. Quezon | |
36 | Manuel V. Moran | October 27, 1893 – August 23, 1961 | December 12, 1938 | July 9, 1945 | Ramón Avanceña | Manuel L. Quezon | |
37 | Roman Ozaeta | February 28, 1891 – July 19, 1973 | June 24, 1941 | October 16, 1950 | Antonio Villareal | Ramón Avanceña | Manuel L. Quezon |
38 | Ricardo Parás | February 17, 1891 – October 10, 1984 | December 28, 1941 | April 1, 1951 | José Abad Santos | Manuel L. Quezon | |
39 | José Yulo | September 24, 1894 – October 27, 1976 | February 5, 1942 | May 7, 1942 | José Abad Santos | Manuel L. Quezon | |
40 | Jorge C. Bocobo | October 19, 1886 – July 23, 1965 | February 5, 1942 | January 31, 1944 | José Abad Santos | Manuel L. Quezon | |
41 | Jose Generoso | December 19, 1890 – April 14, 1976 | May 11, 1942 | July 15, 1948 | José Yulo | Manuel L. Quezon | |
42 | Jose Lopez Vito | May 12, 1872 – May 7, 1947 | May 11, 1942 | January 31, 1944 | José Yulo | Manuel L. Quezon | |
42-A[2] | Domingo Imperial | August 4, 1890 – July 19, 1965 | May 11, 1942 | January 31, 1944 | José Yulo | Manuel L. Quezon | |
43 | Antonio Horrilleno | February 13, 1878 – September 5, 1964 | July 1, 1943 | August 17, 1945 | José Yulo | Manuel L. Quezon | |
44 | Delfin Jaranilla | December 24, 1883 – June 4, 1980 | June 6, 1945 | June 6, 1946 | José Yulo | José P. Laurel Sergio Osmeña | |
45 | Felicisimo R. Feria | August 6, 1883 – June 2, 1957 | June 6, 1945 | August 6, 1953 | José Yulo | José P. Laurel Sergio Osmeña | |
46 | Mariano H. De Joya | September 8, 1887 – July 5, 1964 | June 6, 1945 | June 25, 1945 | José Yulo | José P. Laurel Sergio Osmeña | |
47 | Guillermo Pablo | June 25, 1886 – August 2, 1982 | June 6, 1945 | June 4, 1955 | José Yulo | José P. Laurel Sergio Osmeña | |
48 | Gregorio Perfecto | November 28, 1891 – August 17, 1949 | June 6, 1945 | August 17, 1949 | José Yulo | José P. Laurel Sergio Osmeña | |
49 | Emilio Y. Hilado | November 1, 1891– October 25, 1967 | June 6, 1945 | May 31, 1948 | José Yulo | José P. Laurel Sergio Osmeña | |
50 | Jose A. Espiritu | April 10, 1886 – May 30, 1982 | June 6, 1945 | August 15, 1945 | José Yulo | José P. Laurel Sergio Osmeña | |
51 | Manuel C. Briones | January 1, 1893 – September 29, 1957 | September 15, 1945 | May 24, 1949 | Manuel V. Moran | Sergio Osmeña | |
52 | César Bengzon | May 29, 1896 – September 3, 1992 | September 15, 1945 | April 28, 1961 | Manuel V. Moran | Sergio Osmeña | |
53 | Sabino B. Padilla | August 21, 1894 – June 15, 1986 | June 25, 1946 | August 21, 1964 | Manuel V. Moran | Manuel Roxas | |
54 | Pedro Tuazon | September 15, 1884 – June 28, 1961 | June 25, 1946 | January 4, 1954 | Manuel V. Moran | Manuel Roxas | |
55 | Jose Hontiveros | March 19, 1889 – May 21, 1954 | June 25, 1946 | October 16, 1947 | Manuel V. Moran | Manuel Roxas | |
56 | Alejandro A. Reyes | June 4, 1899 – July 23, 1960 | August 6, 1948 | June 3, 1959 | Jose Generoso | Manuel V. Moran | Elpidio Quirino |
57 | Marcelino R. Montemayor | July 27, 1890 – September 11, 1971 | August 21, 1948 | July 27, 1960 | Manuel V. Moran | Elpidio Quirino | |
58 | Luis P. Torres | April 8, 1880 – January 9, 1959 | August 20, 1949 | April 1, 1950 | Manuel V. Moran | Elpidio Quirino | |
59 | Felix Angelo Bautista | May 20, 1896 – April 11, 1990 | October 20, 1950 | May 20, 1956 | Manuel V. Moran | Elpidio Quirino | |
60 | Fernando Jugo | May 14, 1891 – June 3, 1956 | October 20, 1950 | June 3, 1956 | Manuel V. Moran | Elpidio Quirino | |
61 | Alejo Labrador | July 17, 1894 – March 15, 1967 | April 22, 1952 | July 17, 1964 | Ricardo Parás | Elpidio Quirino | |
62 | Roberto Concepcion | June 7, 1903 – May 3, 1987 | February 9, 1954 | June 17, 1966 | Ricardo Parás | Ramon Magsaysay | |
63 | Ramon Diokno | March 28, 1886 – April 21, 1954 | February 10, 1954 | April 21, 1954 | Ricardo Parás | Ramon Magsaysay | |
64 | Jose B. L. Reyes | August 19, 1902 – December 27, 1994 | June 30, 1954 | August 19, 1972 | Ramon Diokno | Ricardo Parás | Ramon Magsaysay |
65 | Pastor M. Endencia | July 26, 1890 – July 22, 1981 | December 20, 1955 | July 26, 1960 | Ricardo Parás | Ramon Magsaysay | |
66 | Alfonso Felix | September 17, 1888 – April 7, 1975 | July 24, 1956 | September 17, 1958 | Ricardo Parás | Ramon Magsaysay | |
67 | Jesus G. Barrera | December 18, 1896 – August 28, 1988 | June 5, 1959 | December 18, 1966 | Ricardo Parás | Carlos P. García | |
68 | Jose Gutierrez David | January 29, 1891 – September 19, 1893 | August 28, 1959 | January 29, 1961 | Ricardo Parás | Carlos P. García | |
69 | Arsenio Dizon | October 5, 1901 – January 30, 1990 | July 26, 1960 | October 5, 1971 | Ricardo Parás | Carlos P. García | |
70 | Jose Ma. Paredes | August 15, 1895 – October 15, 1977 | August 18, 1960 | August 15, 1965 | Ricardo Parás | Carlos P. García | |
71 | Dionisio De Leon | April 8, 1892 – March 17, 1963 | April 28, 1961 | April 8, 1962 | César Bengzon | Carlos P. García | |
72 | Felipe Natividad | September 20, 1891 – June 9, 1967 | April 8, 1962 | September 20, 1962 | César Bengzon | Diosdado Macapagal | |
73 | Roberto Regala | June 7, 1897 – June 23, 1979 | May 23, 1962 | December 22, 1975 | César Bengzon | Diosdado Macapagal | |
74 | Querube Makalintal | December 22, 1910 – November 8, 2002 | May 23, 1962 | October 21, 1973 | César Bengzon | Diosdado Macapagal | |
75 | Calixto Zaldivar | September 13, 1904 – October 13, 1979 | September 12, 1964 | September 13, 1974 | Alejo Labrador | César Bengzon | Diosdado Macapagal |
76 | Jose P. Bengzon | May 5, 1898 – February 4, 1990 | September 12, 1964 | May 5, 1968 | Sabino B. Padilla | César Bengzon | Diosdado Macapagal |
77 | Conrado V. Sanchez | February 19, 1900 0 August 22, 1983 | May 29, 1966 | February 19, 1970 | César Bengzon | Ferdinand Marcos | |
78 | Fred Ruiz Castro | September 2, 1914 – April 19, 1979 | May 29, 1966 | January 5, 1976 | César Bengzon | Ferdinand Marcos | |
79 | Eugenio Angeles | November 2, 1898 – November 4, 1977 | June 30, 1967 | November 2, 1968 | Roberto Concepcion | Ferdinand Marcos | |
80 | Enrique Fernando | July 25, 1915 – October 13, 2004 | June 30, 1967 | July 1, 1979 | Roberto Concepcion | Ferdinand Marcos | |
81 | Francisco Capistrano | October 6, 1899 – December 10, 1987 | September 16, 1968 | October 6, 1969 | Roberto Concepcion | Ferdinand Marcos | |
82 | Claudio Teehankee | April 18, 1918 – November 27, 1989 | December 17, 1968 | April 1, 1986 | Eugenio Angeles | Roberto Concepcion | Ferdinand Marcos |
83 | Antonio P. Barredo | October 1, 1912 – November 5, 1996 | December 17, 1968 | October 4, 1982 | Roberto Concepcion | Ferdinand Marcos | |
84 | Julio Villamor | April 12, 1902 – June 15, 1988 | January 24, 1970 | April 12, 1972 | Roberto Concepcion | Ferdinand Marcos | |
85 | Felix Makasiar | November 20, 1915 – February 19, 1992 | August 2, 1970 | July 25, 1985 | Conrado V. Sanchez | Roberto Concepcion | Ferdinand Marcos |
86 | Felix Q. Antonio | May 18, 1911 – August 4, 1991 | June 1972 | May 18, 1980 | Roberto Concepcion | Ferdinand Marcos | |
87 | Salvador V. Esguerra | June 19, 1906 – February 12, 1979 | June 1972 | June 19, 1976 | Roberto Concepcion | Ferdinand Marcos | |
88 | Estanislao A. Fernandez | March 28, 1910 – July 28, 1982 | October 19, 1973 | March 28, 1975 | Jose B. L. Reyes | Querube Makalintal | Ferdinand Marcos |
89 | Cecilia Muñoz-Palma | November 22, 1913 – January 2, 2006 | October 29, 1973 | November 22, 1978 | Newly created seat | Querube Makalintal | Ferdinand Marcos |
90 | Ramon Aquino | August 31, 1917 – March 31, 1993 | October 29, 1973 | November 19, 1985 | Newly created seat | Querube Makalintal | Ferdinand Marcos |
91 | Hermogenes Concepcion Jr. | April 7, 1920 – November 26, 2018 | April 18, 1975 | January 10, 1978 | Calixto Zaldivar | Querube Makalintal | Ferdinand Marcos |
92 | Ruperto G. Martin | March 27, 1913 – June 5, 1997 | April 18, 1975 | January 10, 1978 | Estanislao A. Fernandez | Querube Makalintal | Ferdinand Marcos |
93 | Guillermo S. Santos | January 23, 1915 – May 4, 1991 | May 27, 1977 | January 23, 1980 | Fred Ruiz Castro | Ferdinand Marcos | |
94 | Ramon C. Fernandez | February 16, 1916 – March 25, 1997 | May 27, 1977 | May 11, 1982 | Fred Ruiz Castro | Ferdinand Marcos | |
95 | Juvenal K. Guerrero | November 4, 1916 – May 8, 1991 | May 11, 1977 | November 4, 1984 | Fred Ruiz Castro | Ferdinand Marcos | |
96 | Vicente Abad Santos | July 12, 1916 – December 30, 1993 | January 17, 1979 | July 12, 1986 | Fred Ruiz Castro | Fred Ruiz Castro | Ferdinand Marcos |
97 | Pacifico P. De Castro | July 16, 1915 – May 22, 2000 | January 17, 1979 | May 31, 1984 | Fred Ruiz Castro | Ferdinand Marcos | |
98 | Ameurfina Melencio-Herrera | May 11, 1922 | January 17, 1979 | May 11, 1992 | Cecilia Muñoz-Palma | Fred Ruiz Castro | Ferdinand Marcos (1979) Corazon Aquino (1986) |
99 | Vicente G. Ericta | February 3, 1915 – February 7, 2007 | November 20, 1981 | May 11, 1982 | Enrique Fernando | Ferdinand Marcos | |
100 | Efren I. Plana | June 28, 1928 – December 19, 2012 | November 20, 1981 | April 16, 1986 | Enrique Fernando | Ferdinand Marcos | |
101 | Venicio T. Escolin | February 13, 1921 – March 29, 2008 | November 20, 1981 | April 15, 1986 | Enrique Fernando | Ferdinand Marcos | |
102 | Conrado M. Vasquez | September 13, 1913 – September 19, 2006 | May 14, 1982 | September 30, 1983 | Ramon C. Fernandez | Enrique Fernando | Ferdinand Marcos |
103 | Lorenzo Relova | January 20, 1916 – April 23, 2014 | May 14, 1982 | January 19, 1986 | Enrique Fernando | Ferdinand Marcos | |
104 | Hugo Gutierrez Jr. | January 29, 1927 – June 12, 2013 | May 14, 1982 | March 31, 1993 | Enrique Fernando | Ferdinand Marcos(1979) Corazon Aquino (1986) | |
105 | Buenaventura S. De La Fuente | July 14, 1922 – June 7, 2000 | February 28, 1984 | March 6, 1986 | Conrado M. Vasquez | Enrique Fernando | Ferdinand Marcos |
106 | Serafin R. Cuevas | June 25, 1928 – February 9, 2014 | June 1, 1984 | April 16, 1986 | Enrique Fernando | Ferdinand Marcos | |
107 | Nestor B. Alampay | February 17, 1920 – December 2, 1995 | January 24, 1985 | March 17, 1986 | Enrique Fernando | Ferdinand Marcos | |
108 | Lino M. Patajo | September 23, 1916 – April 11, 2010 | July 31, 1985 | April 16, 1986 | Felix Makasiar | Ferdinand Marcos | |
109 | Jose Feria | January 11, 1917 – May 8, 2008 | April 7, 1986 | January 10, 1987 | Felix Makasiar | Claudio Teehankee | Corazon Aquino |
110 | Pedro Yap | July 1, 1918 – November 20, 2003 | April 8, 1986 | April 18, 1988 | Leo D. Medialdea | Claudio Teehankee | Corazon Aquino |
111 | Marcelo Fernan | October 24, 1926 – July 11, 1999 | April 9, 1986 | June 30, 1988 | Claudio Teehankee | Corazon Aquino | |
112 | Andres Narvasa | November 30, 1928 – October 31, 2013 | April 10, 1986 | December 7, 1991 | Claudio Teehankee | Corazon Aquino | |
113 | Isagani A. Cruz | October 11, 1924 – March 21, 2013 | April 16, 1986 | October 11, 1994 | Claudio Teehankee | Corazon Aquino | |
114 | Edgardo L. Paras | July 4, 1922 – September 3, 1994 | April 16, 1986 | July 4, 1992 | Claudio Teehankee | Corazon Aquino | |
115 | Florentino P. Feliciano | March 14, 1928 – December 15, 2015 | August 8, 1986 | December 13, 1995 | Claudio Teehankee | Corazon Aquino | |
116 | Teodoro R. Padilla | August 24, 1927 – September 15, 1999 | January 12, 1987 | August 22, 1997 | Claudio Teehankee | Corazon Aquino | |
117 | Abdulwahid A. Bidin | April 7, 1925 – February 2, 1999 | January 12, 1987 | May 7, 1995 | Claudio Teehankee | Corazon Aquino | |
118 | Emilio A. Gancayco | August 20, 1921 – July 27, 2009 | January 12, 1987 | August 20, 1991 | Claudio Teehankee | Corazon Aquino | |
119 | Abraham F. Sarmiento | October 8, 1921 – October 3, 2010 | January 25, 1987 | October 8, 1991 | Vicente Abad Santos | Claudio Teehankee | Corazon Aquino |
120 | Irene R. Cortes | October 20, 1921 – October 28, 1996 | February 1, 1987 | October 20, 1990 | Jose Feria | Claudio Teehankee | Corazon Aquino |
121 | Carolina Griño-Aquino | October 22, 1923 – December 24, 2012 | February 2, 1988 | October 22, 1993 | Claudio Teehankee | Corazon Aquino | |
122 | Leo D. Medialdea | August 17, 1927 – November 7, 1992 | May 2, 1988 | November 7, 1992 | Claudio Teehankee | Corazon Aquino | |
123 | Florenz Regalado | October 13, 1928 – July 24, 2015 | July 29, 1988 | October 13, 1998 | Marcelo Fernan | Marcelo Fernan | Corazon Aquino |
124 | Hilario Davide Jr. | December 20, 1935 | January 24, 1991 | November 29, 1998 | Irene R. Cortes | Marcelo Fernan | Corazon Aquino |
125 | Flerida Ruth Romero | August 1, 1929 – December 8, 2017 | October 21, 1991 | August 1, 1999 | Abraham F. Sarmiento | Marcelo Fernan | Corazon Aquino |
126 | Rodolfo A. Nocon | March 15, 1928 – May 12, 2000 | December 2, 1991 | March 15, 1994 | Marcelo Fernan | Corazon Aquino | |
127 | Josue N. Bellosillo | November 13, 1933 | March 3, 1992 | November 13, 2003 | Andres Narvasa | Andres Narvasa | Corazon Aquino |
128 | Jose Melo | May 30, 1932 | August 10, 1992 | May 30, 2002 | Ameurfina Melencio-Herrera | Andres Narvasa | Fidel Ramos |
129 | Jose C. Campos Jr. | April 9, 1923 – January 4, 2005 | September 3, 1992 | April 9, 1993 | Andres Narvasa | Fidel Ramos | |
130 | Camil Quiason | July 18, 1925 – September 7, 2014 | February 1, 1993 | July 18, 1995 | Leo D. Medialdea | Andres Narvasa | Fidel Ramos |
131 | Reynato Puno | May 17, 1940 | June 28, 1993 | December 7, 2006 | Hugo Gutierrez | Andres Narvasa | Fidel Ramos |
132 | Jose C. Vitug | July 15, 1934 | June 28, 1993 | July 15, 2004 | Jose C. Campos Jr. | Andres Narvasa | Fidel Ramos |
133 | Santiago M. Kapunan | August 12, 1932 | January 5, 1994 | August 12, 2002 | Carolina Griño-Aquino | Andres Narvasa | Fidel Ramos |
134 | Vicente V. Mendoza | April 5, 1933 | June 7, 1994 | April 5, 2003 | Rodolfo A. Nocon | Andres Narvasa | Fidel Ramos |
135 | Ricardo J. Francisco | February 13, 1928 – December 14, 2001 | January 5, 1995 | February 13, 1998 | Isagani A. Cruz | Andres Narvasa | Fidel Ramos |
136 | Regino C. Hermosisima Jr. | October 18, 1927 | January 10, 1995 | October 18, 1997 | Andres Narvasa | Fidel Ramos | |
137 | Artemio Panganiban | December 7, 1936 | October 5, 1995 | December 19, 2005 | Camilo Quiason | Andres Narvasa | Fidel Ramos |
138 | Justo P. Torres Jr. | November 1, 1927 – December 26, 2017 | March 11, 1996 | November 1, 1997 | Andres Narvasa | Fidel Ramos | |
139 | Antonio M. Martinez | February 2, 1929 – March 17, 2007 | November 10, 1997 | February 2, 1999 | Andres Narvasa | Fidel Ramos | |
140 | Leonardo A. Quisumbing | November 6, 1939 – January 20, 2019 | January 15, 1998 | November 6, 2009 | Justo P. Torres Jr. | Andres Narvasa | Fidel Ramos |
141 | Fidel P. Purisima | October 28, 1930 – September 19, 2013 | January 20, 1998 | October 28, 2000 | Regino C. Hermosisima Jr. | Andres Narvasa | Fidel Ramos |
142 | Bernardo P. Pardo | February 11, 1932 | September 30, 1998 | February 11, 2002 | Ricardo J. Francisco | Andres Narvasa | Joseph Estrada |
143 | Arturo B. Buena | March 25, 1932 – February 13, 2020 | January 5, 1999 | March 25, 2002 | Florenz D. Regalado | Hilario Davide Jr. | Joseph Estrada |
144 | Minerva P. Gonzaga-Reyes | September 25, 1931 | January 5, 1999 | September 25, 2001 | Hilario Davide Jr. | Hilario Davide Jr. | Joseph Estrada |
145 | Consuelo Ynares-Santiago | October 5, 1939 | April 6, 1999 | October 5, 2009 | Antonio Martinez | Hilario Davide Jr. | Joseph Estrada |
146 | Sabino R. De Leon Jr. | June 9, 1932 – June 16, 2003 | October 12, 1999 | June 9, 2002 | Flerida Ruth Pineda-Romero | Hilario Davide Jr. | Joseph Estrada |
147 | Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez | February 28, 1938 | December 22, 2000 | February 28, 2008 | Fidel P. Purisima | Hilario Davide Jr. | Joseph Estrada |
148 | Antonio Carpio | October 26, 1949 | October 26, 2001 | October 26, 2019 | Minerva P. Gonzaga-Reyes | Hilario Davide Jr. | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
149 | Alicia Austria-Martinez | December 19, 1940 | April 9, 2002 | April 30, 2009 | Bernardo P. Pardo | Hilario Davide Jr. | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
150 | Renato Corona | October 15, 1948 – April 29, 2016 | April 9, 2002 | May 17, 2010 | Arturo B. Buena | Hilario Davide Jr. | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
151 | Conchita Carpio-Morales | June 19, 1941 | August 26, 2002 | June 19, 2011 | Jose Melo | Hilario Davide Jr. | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
152 | Romeo J. Callejo, Sr. | April 28, 1937 | August 26, 2002 | April 28, 2007 | Sabino R. De Leon Jr. | Hilario Davide Jr. | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
153 | Adolfo S. Azcuna | February 16, 1939 | October 17, 2002 | February 16, 2009 | Santiago M. Kapunan | Hilario Davide Jr. | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
154 | Dante O. Tiñga | May 11, 1939 | July 4, 2003 | May 11, 2009 | Vicente V. Mendoza | Hilario Davide Jr. | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
155 | Minita V. Chico-Nazario | December 5, 1939 | February 10, 2004 | December 5, 2009 | Josue N. Bellosillo | Hilario Davide Jr. | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
156 | Cancio Garcia | October 20, 1937– October 15, 2013 | October 7, 2004 | October 30, 2007 | Jose C. Vitug | Hilario Davide Jr. | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
157 | Presbitero Velasco Jr. | August 8, 1948 | March 31, 2006 | August 8, 2018 | Artemio Panganiban | Artemio Panganiban | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
158 | Antonio Eduardo B. Nachura | June 13, 1941 | February 7, 2007 | June 13, 2011 | Reynato Puno | Reynato Puno | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
159 | Ruben T. Reyes | January 3, 1939 | August 2, 2007 | January 3, 2009 | Romeo J. Callejo, Sr. | Reynato Puno | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
160 | Teresita Leonardo-de Castro | October 8, 1948 | December 3, 2007 | August 28, 2018 | Cancio Garcia | Reynato Puno | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
161 | Arturo D. Brion | December 29, 1946 | March 17, 2008 | December 29, 2016 | Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez | Reynato Puno | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
162 | Diosdado Peralta | March 27, 1952 | January 14, 2009 | October 22, 2019 | Ruben Reyes | Reynato Puno | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
163 | Lucas Bersamin | October 18, 1949 | April 3, 2009 | November 28, 2018 | Adolfo Azcuna | Reynato Puno | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
164 | Mariano del Castillo | July 29, 1949 | July 29, 2009 | July 29, 2019 | Ma. Alicia Austria-Martinez | Reynato Puno | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
165 | Roberto A. Abad | May 22, 1944 | August 7, 2009 | May 22, 2014 | Dante O. Tiñga | Reynato Puno | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
166 | Martin Villarama Jr. | April 14, 1946 | November 6, 2009 | January 16, 2016 | Consuelo Ynares-Santiago | Reynato Puno | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
167 | Jose P. Perez | December 14, 1946 | December 26, 2009 | December 14, 2016 | Leonardo A. Quisumbing | Reynato Puno | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
168 | Jose C. Mendoza | August 13, 1947 | January 4, 2010 | August 13, 2017 | Minita Chico-Nazario | Reynato Puno | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
169 | Maria Lourdes Sereno | July 2, 1960 | August 13, 2010 | August 24, 2012 | Renato Corona | Renato Corona | Benigno Aquino III |
170 | Bienvenido L. Reyes | July 6, 1947 | August 20, 2011 | July 6, 2017 | Antonio Eduardo Nachura | Renato Corona | Benigno Aquino III |
171 | Estela Perlas-Bernabe | May 14, 1952 | September 16, 2011 | Incumbent | Conchita Carpio-Morales | Renato Corona | Benigno Aquino III |
172 | Marvic Leonen | December 29, 1962 | November 21, 2012 | Incumbent | Maria Lourdes Sereno | Maria Lourdes Sereno | Benigno Aquino III |
173 | Francis Jardeleza | September 26, 1949 | August 19, 2014 | September 26, 2019 | Roberto Abad | Maria Lourdes Sereno | Benigno Aquino III |
174 | Alfredo Benjamin Caguioa | September 30, 1959 | January 22, 2016 | Incumbent | Martin Villarama Jr. | Maria Lourdes Sereno | Benigno Aquino III |
175 | Samuel R. Martires | January 2, 1949 | March 2, 2017 | August 3, 2018 | Jose P. Perez | Maria Lourdes Sereno | Rodrigo Duterte |
176 | Noel G. Tijam | January 5, 1949 | March 8, 2017 | January 5, 2019 | Arturo D. Brion | Maria Lourdes Sereno | Rodrigo Duterte |
177 | Andres B. Reyes Jr. | May 11, 1950 | July 12, 2017 | May 11, 2020 | Bienvenido L. Reyes | Maria Lourdes Sereno | Rodrigo Duterte |
178 | Alexander Gesmundo | November 6, 1956 | August 14, 2017 | Incumbent | Jose C. Mendoza | Maria Lourdes Sereno | Rodrigo Duterte |
179 | Jose Reyes Jr. | September 18, 1950 | August 9, 2018 | Incumbent | Presbitero Velasco Jr. | Antonio Carpio (Acting) | Rodrigo Duterte |
180 | Ramon Paul Hernando | August 27, 1966 | October 10, 2018 | Incumbent | Samuel Martires | Antonio Carpio (Acting) | Rodrigo Duterte |
181 | Rosmari Carandang | January 9, 1952 | November 26, 2018 | Incumbent | Teresita Leonardo-de Castro | Lucas Bersamin | Rodrigo Duterte |
183 | Henri Jean Paul B. Inting | September 4, 1957 | February 22, 2019 | Incumbent | Lucas Bersamin | Lucas Bersamin | Rodrigo Duterte |
182 | Amy Lazaro-Javier | November 16, 1956 | March 6, 2019 | Incumbent | Noel Tijam | Lucas Bersamin | Rodrigo Duterte |
184 | Rodil V. Zalameda | August 3, 1963 | August 5, 2019 | Incumbent | Mariano del Castillo | Lucas Bersamin | Rodrigo Duterte |
185 | Mario V. Lopez | June 4, 1955 | December 3, 2019 | Incumbent | Francis Jardeleza | Diosdado Peralta | Rodrigo Duterte |
186 | Edgardo L. Delos Santos | June 12, 1952 | December 3, 2019 | Incumbent | Antonio Carpio | Diosdado Peralta | Rodrigo Duterte |
187 | Samuel H. Gaerlan | December 19, 1958 | January 8, 2020 | Incumbent | Diosdado Peralta | Diosdado Peralta | Rodrigo Duterte |
188 | Priscilla Baltazar-Padilla | July 2, 1958 | July 16, 2020 | Incumbent | Andres Reyes, Jr. | Diosdado Peralta | Rodrigo Duterte |
189 | — | — | — | — | Jose Reyes, Jr. | Diosdado Peralta | Rodrigo Duterte |
190 | — | — | — | — | Rosmari Carandang | Diosdado Peralta | Rodrigo Duterte |
191 | — | — | — | — | Estela Perlas-Bernabe | TBD | TBD |
192 | — | — | — | — | Edgardo Delos Santos | TBD | TBD |
Updated daily through UTC |
Living former Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
# | Justice | Born | Term | Age |
---|---|---|---|---|
98 | Ameurfina Melencio-Herrera | May 11, 1922 | January 17, 1979 – May 11, 1992 | 98 years, 97 days |
124 | Hilario Davide Jr. | December 20, 1935 | January 24, 1991 – November 29, 1998 (Appointed 19th Chief Justice) | 84 years, 240 days |
127 | Josue N. Bellosillo | November 13, 1933 | March 3, 1992 – November 13, 2003 | 86 years, 277 days (31688) |
128 | Jose Melo | May 30, 1932 | August 10, 1992 – May 30, 2002 | 88 years, 78 days |
131 | Reynato Puno | May 17, 1940 | June 28, 1993 – December 7, 2006 (Appointed 22nd Chief Justice) | 80 years, 91 days |
132 | Jose C. Vitug | July 15, 1934 | June 28, 1993 – July 15, 2004 | 86 years, 32 days |
133 | Santiago M. Kapunan | August 12, 1932 | January 5, 1994 – August 12, 2002 | 88 years, 4 days |
134 | Vicente V. Mendoza | April 5, 1933 | June 7, 1994 – April 5, 2003 | 87 years, 133 days |
136 | Regino C. Hermosisima Jr. | October 18, 1927 | January 10, 1995 – October 18, 1997 | 92 years, 303 days |
137 | Artemio Panganiban | December 7, 1936 | October 5, 1995 – December 19, 2005 (Appointed 21st Chief Justice) | 83 years, 253 days |
142 | Bernardo P. Pardo | February 11, 1932 | September 30, 1998 – February 11, 2002 | 88 years, 187 days |
144 | Minerva P. Gonzaga-Reyes | September 25, 1931 | January 5, 1999 – September 25, 2001 | 88 years, 326 days |
145 | Consuelo Ynares-Santiago | October 5, 1939 | April 6, 1999 – October 5, 2009 | 80 years, 316 days |
147 | Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez | February 28, 1938 | December 22, 2000 – February 28, 2008 | 82 years, 170 days |
148 | Antonio Carpio | October 26, 1949 | October 26, 2001 – October 26, 2019 | 71 years, 295 days |
149 | Alicia Austria-Martinez | December 19, 1940 | April 9, 2002 – April 30, 2009 (Early Retirement) | 79 years, 241 days |
151 | Conchita Carpio-Morales | June 19, 1941 | August 26, 2002 – June 19, 2011 | 79 years, 58 days |
152 | Romeo J. Callejo, Sr. | April 28, 1937 | August 26, 2002 – April 28, 2007 | 83 years, 110 days |
153 | Adolfo S. Azcuna | February 16, 1939 | October 17, 2002 – February 16, 2009 | 81 years, 182 days |
154 | Dante O. Tiñga | May 11, 1939 | July 4, 2003 – May 11, 2009 | 81 years, 97 days |
155 | Minita V. Chico-Nazario | December 5, 1939 | February 10, 2004 – December 5, 2009 | 80 years, 255 days |
157 | Presbitero Velasco Jr. | August 8, 1948 | March 31, 2006 – August 28, 2018 | 72 years, 8 days |
158 | Antonio Eduardo B. Nachura | June 13, 1941 | February 7, 2007 – June 13, 2011 | 79 years, 64 days |
159 | Ruben T. Reyes | January 3, 1939 | August 2, 2007 – January 3, 2009 | 81 years, 215 days |
160 | Teresita Leonardo-de Castro | October 8, 1948 | December 3, 2007 – August 28, 2018 (Appointed as (de jure) 24th Chief Justice | 71 years, 313 days |
161 | Arturo D. Brion | December 29, 1946 | March 17, 2008 – December 29, 2016 | 73 years, 231 days |
162 | Diosdado Peralta | March 27, 1952 | January 14, 2009 – October 22, 2019 (Appointed 26th Chief Justice) | 68 years, 142 days |
163 | Lucas Bersamin | October 18, 1949 | April 3, 2009 – November 28, 2018 (Appointed 25th Chief Justice) | 73 years, 303 days |
164 | Mariano del Castillo | July 29, 1949 | July 29, 2009 – July 29, 2019 | 71 years, 18 days |
165 | Roberto A. Abad | May 22, 1944 | August 7, 2009 – May 22, 2014 | 76 years, 86 days |
166 | Martin Villarama Jr. | April 14, 1946 | November 6, 2009 – January 16, 2016 | 74 years, 124 days |
167 | Jose P. Perez | December 14, 1946 | December 26, 2009 – December 14, 2016 | 73 years, 246 days |
168 | Jose C. Mendoza | August 13, 1947 | January 4, 2010 – August 13, 2017 | 73 years, 3 days |
169 | Maria Lourdes Sereno | July 2, 1960 | August 13, 2010 – August 24, 2012 (Appointed Chief Justice; Ousted in May 11, 2018) | 60 years, 45 days |
170 | Bienvenido L. Reyes | July 6, 1947 | August 20, 2011 – July 6, 2017 | 73 years, 41 days |
171 | Estela Perlas-Bernabe | May 14, 1952 | September 16, 2011–present | 68 years, 94 days) |
172 | Marvic Leonen | December 29, 1962 | November 21, 2012–present | 57 years, 231 days |
173 | Francis Jardeleza | September 26, 1949 | August 19, 2014 – September 26, 2019 | 70 years, 325 days |
174 | Alfredo Benjamin Caguioa | September 30, 1959 | January 22, 2016–present | 60 years, 321 days |
175 | Samuel R. Martires | January 2, 1949 | March 2, 2017 – August 3, 2018 | 71 years, 227 days |
176 | Noel G. Tijam | January 5, 1949 | March 8, 2017 – January 5, 2019 | 71 years, 224 days) |
177 | Andres B. Reyes Jr. | May 11, 1950 | July 12, 2017–present | 70 years, 97 days) |
178 | Alexander Gesmundo | November 6, 1956 | August 14, 2017–present | 63 years, 284 days |
179 | Jose Reyes Jr. | September 18, 1950 | August 10, 2018–present | 69 years, 333 days |
180 | Ramon Paul Hernando | August 27, 1966 | October 10, 2018–present | 53 years, 355 days |
181 | Rosmari Carandang | January 9, 1952 | November 26, 2018–present | 68 years, 220 days |
182 | Amy Lazaro-Javier | November 16, 1956 | March 6, 2019–present | 63 years, 274 days |
183 | Henri Jean Paul B. Inting | September 4, 1957 | May 27, 2019–present | 62 years, 347 days |
184 | Rodil V. Zalameda | August 3, 1963 | August 5, 2019–present | 57 years, 13 days |
185 | Mario V. Lopez | May 29, 1957 | December 3, 2019–present | 63 years, 79 days |
186 | Edgardo L. Delos Santos | June 12, 1952 | December 3, 2019–present | 68 years, 65 days |
187 | Samuel H. Gaerlan | December 19, 1958 | January 8, 2020–present | 61 years, 241 days |
Updated daily through UTC |
Notable Associate Justices
- To date, one Associate Justice, José P. Laurel, would later serve as President of the Philippines. Laurel also ran for the presidency in 1949 but was defeated by Elpidio Quirino. Another Associate Justice, Claro M. Recto, would be a candidate for president, but he and former Chief Justice Jose Yulo lost to Carlos P. Garcia in the 1957 presidential election.
- The sixteen women appointed as Associate Justices of the Court: Muñoz-Palma (1973); Melencio-Herrera (1979); Rian-Cortes (1986); Griño-Aquino (1987); Pineda-Romero (1991); Gonzaga-Reyes (1998); Ynares-Santiago (1999); Sandoval-Gutierrez (2000); Austria-Martinez (2002); Carpio-Morales (2002); Chico-Nazario (2003); Leonardo-De Castro (2007); Aranal-Sereno (2010); Perlas-Bernabe (2011); Carandang (2018) and Lazaro-Javier (2019).
- Abdulwahid Bidin was the first Muslim to be named an Associate Justice. He was appointed by President Corazon Aquino in 1987. The vast majority of Filipinos appointed to the Court were Catholic. Three of the more prominent non-Catholics in the Supreme Court were Chief Justices José Abad Santos and Reynato Puno, both Methodists; and former Chief Justice María Lourdes Sereno, who is a non-denominational Christian.
- There has been one husband and wife pair who have both served on the Court: they were the Aquino's: (Chief Justice Ramon and Associate Justice Carolina). Griño-Aquino was appointed to the Court only after her husband had retired. There have been four father-son pairs who have served in the Court as Associate Justices: Torreses: (Florentino (1901–1920) and Luis (1949–1950)); the Paras' (Chief Justice Ricardo (1941–1961) and his son, Associate Justice Edgardo (1987–1992)); The Padilla's: (Sabino (1946–1948, 1950–1961) and Teodoro (1987–1997)); and the Feria's: (Felicisimo (1945–1953) and Jose (1986–1987)). Other prominent interrelated Justices were the following: The Santos' (Chief Justice José) and Associate Justice Vicente (uncle-nephew)), and Briones-Fernan: Associate Justice Marnuel and Chief Justice Marcelo (uncle-nephew)).
- At age 35, American George A. Malcolm was the youngest person ever appointed Associate Justice, in 1915. However, the present age limit in the Constitution is 40. The youngest Filipinos named Associate Justices were Claro M. Recto (45 years, 4 months, 25 days old) and Ramon Avanceña (45 years, 5 months, 18 days old).
- The oldest person named Associate Justice was Jose C. Campos, Jr. (69 years, 4 months and 23 days old), serving under President Fidel Ramos in 1993. However, Jose Lopez Vito was 69 years, 364 days old when he temporarily sat in Court to fill a vacancy during the Japanese occupation. The oldest Justice to ever sit in Court upon retirement or death was Florentino Torres, who was 75 when he resigned in 1920; this was prior to the specification of any age limit.
- The longest-serving Associate Justice was American Elias Finley Johnson, who served in that position for 29 years, 5 months and 27 days, from 1903 to 1933. The longest serving Filipino Associate Justice was Florentino Torres, who served for 18 years, 10 months, and 3 days, from 1901 to 1920. Justices Ramon Avanceña and Cesar Bengzon would serve longer in the Court than Torres, but their tenure as Associate Justice was terminated by their upon their appointment as Chief Justice in 1925 and 1961 respectively.
- The Associate Justice serving the shortest period was Ramon Diokno, a former Senator who died 2 months and 11 days after his appointment in 1954.
- The youngest Associate Justice to die was American Fletcher Ladd, who died shortly after resigning in 1903 aged 40 years and 356 days; Ladd had served in the Court for less than two years. The youngest Filipino Justice to die was José Abad Santos, who was executed by the Imperial Japanese Army at age 56 years, 2 months, and 16 days. Gregorio Perfecto meanwhile died in office aged 57 years, 8 months, 20 days.
- The most recent Associate Justice to die in office was Leo Medialdea in 1992. Other Associate Justices who died during their terms were Fernando Jugo, Ramon Diokno, Gregorio Perfecto, Ignacio Villamor, Carlos Imperial and Charles Johns.
- The only Associate Justice who resigned before the age of compulsory retirement due to health reasons was Austria-Martinez. Note that Florentino Feliciano retired at 67 to accept appointment to the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization. On September 2008, Ma. Alicia Austria-Martinez, citing health reasons, filed a letter to the Supreme Court of the Philippines through Reynato Puno, tendering her resignation effective April 30, 2009, or 15 months before her compulsory retirement on December 19, 2010. In the October 1 Judicial and Bar Council's en banc deliberations, Reynato Puno ruled: "The court merely noted it. We don’t have to approve it... it is her right."[3] During the JBC hearing, a JBC member said "Austria-Martinez had wanted to retire earlier because of health reasons. We were told she had health problems even when she was in the CA."[4] Retired Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines Artemio Panganiban stated: "I am saddened that Justice Ma. Alicia Austria-Martinez has opted to retire early from the Supreme Court due to 'health reasons.' to discharge the duties of their office."[5]
- The longest-lived Supreme Court Associate Justice was Associate Justice Hermogenes Concepcion Jr., who died on November 28, 2018, aged 98 years, 222 days. As of June 2020, the oldest living Associate Justice is Ameurfina Melencio-Herrera who turned 98 on May 11, 2020.
- Eighteen associate Justices lived in their 90s: Hermogenes Concepcion Jr. (April 20, 1920 – November 28, 2018 (aged 98 years, 222 days), Lorenzo Relova (January 20, 1916 –April 23, 2014 (aged 98 years, 93 days)), Ameurfina Melencio-Herrera (born May 11, 1922 (age 98 years, 97 days)), Delfin Jaranilla (December 24, 1883 – June 4, 1980 (aged 96 years, 302 days)), Guillermo Pablo (June 5, 1886 – August 2, 1982 (aged 96 years, 58 days), César Bengzon (May 29, 1896 – September 3, 1992 (aged 96 years, 97 days)), Jose A. Espiritu (April 10, 1886 – May 30, 1982 (aged 96 years, 50 days)), Ricardo M. Parás, Jr. (February 17, 1891 – October 10, 1984 (93 years, 236 days)), Lino M. Patajo (September 23, 1916 – April 11, 2010(aged 93 years, 200 days)), Conrado M. Vasquez (September 13, 1913 – September 19, 2006 (aged 93 years, 6 days)), Jose B. L. Reyes (August 19, 1902 – December 27, 1994 (aged 92 years, 130 days)), Regino C. Hermosisima Jr. (born October 18, 1927 92 years, 303 days)), Cecilia Muñoz-Palma (November 22, 1913 – January 2, 2006 (aged 92 years, 41 days)), Vicente G. Ericta (February 3, 1915 – February 7, 2007 (aged 92 years, 4 days)), Querube Makalintal (December 22, 1910 – November 8, 2002 (aged 91 years, 321 days)), Sabino B. Padilla (August 21, 1894 – June 15, 1986 (aged 91 years, 298 days), Jose P. Bengzon (May 5, 1898 – February 4, 1990 (aged 91 years, 275 days), Jose Feria (January 11, 1917 – May 8, 2008 (aged 91 years, 117 days)), Justo P. Torres Jr. (November 1, 1927 – December 26, 2017 (aged 90 years, 55 days))
Note Updated daily through UTC.
See also
References
- The Supreme Court E-library
- Sevilla, Victor J. (1985). Justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines Vol. I. Quezon City, Philippines: New Day Publishers. ISBN 971-10-0134-9.
- Sevilla, Victor J. (1985). Justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines Vol. II. Quezon City, Philippines: New Day Publishers. ISBN 971-10-0137-3.
- Sevilla, Victor J. (1985). Justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines Vol. III. Quezon City, Philippines: New Day Publishers. ISBN 971-10-0139-X.
Notes
- Torres-Tupas, Tetch (June 12, 2013). "Retired Associate Justice Hugo Gutierrez Jr. passes away at 86". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved July 4, 2013.
- http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/A.M.-No.-18-09-18-SC.pdf
- manilastandardtoday.com, Justice Austria-Martinez wants early retirement
- abs-cbnnews.com, Exclusive: SC Justice Alicia Martinez to retire early
- http://www.chanrobles.com/article8.htm